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Nutrients
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Modulation by Dietary Supplements in Obesity
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Modulation by Dietary Supplements in Obesity

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Obesity".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 September 2022) | Viewed by 9150

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Simona Bertoli

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Guest Editor
ICANS-DIS, Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: body composition; obesity; ketogenic diet; metabolic syndrome; eating behavior; Mediterranean diet
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Ramona Silvana De Amicis

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Guest Editor
International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Sandro Botticelli 21, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: role of dietary therapies in management of obesity; eating disorders and rare diseas-es; the association between dietary patterns, eating be-havior, body composition and clinical outcomes in children and adults
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Andrea Andrea Foppiani

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Guest Editor
International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Sandro Botticelli 21, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: assessment of nutritional status and glucose metabolism; physiological and physiopathological processes linked to nutrition; employing medical devices in the remote recollection of physiological parameters
Dr. Alessandro Leone

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Center for the Assessment of Nutritional Status (ICANS), Department of Food Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milan, Italy
Interests: food consumption; dietary pattern; Mediterranean diet; body composition; obesity; metabolic syndrome; eating behavior; nutritional epidemiology; plant-based foods
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Having grown over the past few decades, obesity is one of the most important risk factors for all causes of noncommunicable diseases.

A lifestyle modification, in terms of a healthy eating pattern and moderate physical activity, is the first line of defense in the management of obesity. However, several drug treatments and dietary supplements are becoming available and gaining more attention in managing obesity, specifically dietary supplements used as medicine with a low toxicity and easy access to the general population. In addition, they are often perceived as "safe" and less likely to have side effects.

Scientific research on dietary supplements is often misunderstood or inconclusive. Therefore, the purpose of this Special Issue is to obtain high-quality scientific evidence for the use of dietary supplements and nutraceuticals that can be used correctly as an adjuvant in the management of obesity and its comorbidities. Studies focusing on the intake, absorption and metabolism of dietary supplements are also welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Simona Bertoli
Dr. Ramona Silvana De Amicis
Dr. Andrea Andrea Foppiani
Dr. Alessandro Leone
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • obesity
  • dietary supplements
  • nutraceuticals
  • weight loss
  • metabolic syndrome
  • appetite control

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1902 KiB  
Article
Multiple Direct Effects of the Dietary Protoalkaloid N-Methyltyramine in Human Adipocytes
by Christian Carpéné, Pénélope Viana, Jessica Fontaine, Henrik Laurell and Jean-Louis Grolleau
Nutrients 2022, 14(15), 3118; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153118 - 29 Jul 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1350
Abstract
Dietary amines have been the subject of a novel interest in nutrition since the discovery of trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), especially TAAR-1, which recognizes tyramine, phenethylamine, tryptamine, octopamine, N-methyltyramine (NMT), synephrine, amphetamine and related derivatives. Alongside the psychostimulant properties of TAAR-1 ligands, [...] Read more.
Dietary amines have been the subject of a novel interest in nutrition since the discovery of trace amine-associated receptors (TAARs), especially TAAR-1, which recognizes tyramine, phenethylamine, tryptamine, octopamine, N-methyltyramine (NMT), synephrine, amphetamine and related derivatives. Alongside the psychostimulant properties of TAAR-1 ligands, it is their ephedrine-like action on weight loss that drives their current consumption via dietary supplements advertised for ‘fat-burning’ properties. Among these trace amines, tyramine has recently been described, at high doses, to exhibit an antilipolytic action and activation of glucose transport in human adipocytes, i.e., effects that are facilitating lipid storage rather than mobilization. Because of its close structural similarity to tyramine, NMT actions on human adipocytes therefore must to be reevaluated. To this aim, we studied the lipolytic and antilipolytic properties of NMT together with its interplay with insulin stimulation of glucose transport along with amine oxidase activities in adipose cells obtained from women undergoing abdominal surgery. NMT activated 2-deoxyglucose uptake when incubated with freshly isolated adipocytes at 0.01–1 mM, reaching one-third of the maximal stimulation by insulin. However, when combined with insulin, NMT limited by half the action of the lipogenic hormone on glucose transport. The NMT-induced stimulation of hexose uptake was sensitive to inhibitors of monoamine oxidases (MAO) and of semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase (SSAO), as was the case for tyramine and benzylamine. All three amines inhibited isoprenaline-induced lipolysis to a greater extent than insulin, while they were poorly lipolytic on their own. All three amines—but not isoprenaline—interacted with MAO or SSAO. Due to these multiple effects on human adipocytes, NMT cannot be considered as a direct lipolytic agent, potentially able to improve lipid mobilization and fat oxidation in consumers of NMT-containing dietary supplements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modulation by Dietary Supplements in Obesity)
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14 pages, 1036 KiB  
Article
Quality Evaluation of Dietary Supplements for Weight Loss Based on Garcinia cambogia
by Adal Mena-García, Angie Julieth Bellaizac-Riascos, Maite Rada-Mendoza, Diana María Chito-Trujillo, Ana Isabel Ruiz-Matute and María Luz Sanz
Nutrients 2022, 14(15), 3077; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153077 - 27 Jul 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2420
Abstract
Food supplements of plant origin for weight control are increasingly being demanded by consumers as a way to promote good health. Among them, those based on Garcinia cambogia (GCFS) are widely commercialized considering their bioactive properties, mainly due to (-)-hydroxycitric acid ((-)-HCA). However, [...] Read more.
Food supplements of plant origin for weight control are increasingly being demanded by consumers as a way to promote good health. Among them, those based on Garcinia cambogia (GCFS) are widely commercialized considering their bioactive properties, mainly due to (-)-hydroxycitric acid ((-)-HCA). However, recently, controversy has arisen over their safety; thus, further research and continuous monitoring of their composition is required. Hence, in this work, a multi-analytical approach was followed to determine not only (-)-HCA but also other constituents of 18 GCFS, which could be used as quality markers to detect fraudulent practices in these samples. Discrepancies between the declared (-)-HCA content and that experimentally determined were detected by LC–UV in 33% of the samples. Moreover, GC–MS analyses of GCFS allowed the detection of different compounds not present in G. cambogia fruits and not declared on supplement labels, probably related to heat exposure or to the addition of excipients or other extracts. This multi-analytical methodology is shown to be advantageous to address different fraudulent practices affecting the quality of these supplements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modulation by Dietary Supplements in Obesity)
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14 pages, 3366 KiB  
Article
Anti-Obesity Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Sunbanghwalmyung-Eum in High-Fat- and High-Cholesterol-Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6J Mice
by Hye-Lin Kim, You Mee Ahn, So Min Lee, Chang-Seob Seo, Seong-Hwan Park, Ok-Sun Bang and Jeeyoun Jung
Nutrients 2022, 14(14), 2929; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14142929 - 17 Jul 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2255
Abstract
Sunbanghwalmyung-eum (SBH) is a traditional herbal medicine that exhibits various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In this study, we investigated the systemic anti-obesity effects of an aqueous extract of SBH in the liver, adipose, and muscle tissue from high-fat [...] Read more.
Sunbanghwalmyung-eum (SBH) is a traditional herbal medicine that exhibits various pharmacological properties, such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. In this study, we investigated the systemic anti-obesity effects of an aqueous extract of SBH in the liver, adipose, and muscle tissue from high-fat and high-cholesterol diet (HFHCD)-induced obese C57BL/6J mice. After 6 weeks of an HFHCD, the mice were continuously fed HFHC with oral administration of SBH (100 mg/kg/day), Sim (simvastatin, 5 mg/kg/day, positive control), or water (HFHC only) for another 6 weeks. Our results showed that SBH attenuated the HFHCD-induced body weight gain and fat accumulation in the liver, and improved plasma lipid levels, such as those of triglycerides (TGs), blood total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c). SBH and Sim inhibited the inflammation accompanied by obesity via decreasing inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-1β, tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1). Moreover, SBH downregulated the expression of protein levels of adipogenic-related factors, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein α (C/EBPα), in the liver, adipose, and muscle tissue. The SBH and Sim treatment also significantly upregulated the phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase α (AMPKα) in the liver and hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) in the adipose tissue. Overall, the effects of SBH on HFHCD-induced obesity were similar to or more potent than those of simvastatin. These results indicated that SBH has great potential as a therapeutic herbal medicine for obesity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modulation by Dietary Supplements in Obesity)
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Review

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20 pages, 1079 KiB  
Review
Browning of Adipocytes: A Potential Therapeutic Approach to Obesity
by Vittoria Schirinzi, Carolina Poli, Chiara Berteotti and Alessandro Leone
Nutrients 2023, 15(9), 2229; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15092229 - 08 May 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2495
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity suggests that current strategies based on diet, exercise, and pharmacological knowledge are not sufficient to tackle this epidemic. Obesity results from a high caloric intake and energy storage, the latter by white adipose tissue (WAT), and [...] Read more.
The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity suggests that current strategies based on diet, exercise, and pharmacological knowledge are not sufficient to tackle this epidemic. Obesity results from a high caloric intake and energy storage, the latter by white adipose tissue (WAT), and when neither are counterbalanced by an equally high energy expenditure. As a matter of fact, current research is focused on developing new strategies to increase energy expenditure. Against this background, brown adipose tissue (BAT), whose importance has recently been re-evaluated via the use of modern positron emission techniques (PET), is receiving a great deal of attention from research institutions worldwide, as its main function is to dissipate energy in the form of heat via a process called thermogenesis. A substantial reduction in BAT occurs during normal growth in humans and hence it is not easily exploitable. In recent years, scientific research has made great strides and investigated strategies that focus on expanding BAT and activating the existing BAT. The present review summarizes current knowledge about the various molecules that can be used to promote white-to-brown adipose tissue conversion and energy expenditure in order to assess the potential role of thermogenic nutraceuticals. This includes tools that could represent, in the future, a valid weapon against the obesity epidemic. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Modulation by Dietary Supplements in Obesity)
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