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Nutrients
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Dietary Intake, Nutritional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in...
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Dietary Intake, Nutritional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Populations

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Geriatric Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 May 2024 | Viewed by 1499

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristiano Capurso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: cognitive decline; atherosclerosis; diet pattern; aging; frailty
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The dietary intake and nutritional status of elderly populations are critical determinants of their health and quality of life. Malnutrition is associated with poor health, longer hospital stays, increased mortality, higher socioeconomic burden and, in particular, reduced quality of life. The elderly are a population group at risk of inadequate nutrition due to decreased appetite, malabsorption, taste disturbances and social factors. Reduced food intake during aging is due to physiological changes that can affect dietary patterns and nutrient absorption through several factors including early satiety, taste alterations, socioeconomic factors and reduced access to food. While energy requirements decrease for the elderly, micronutrient requirements remain largely unchanged. Inadequate nutrient intake in this demographic can lead to deficiencies in essential vitamins, minerals and proteins, potentially exacerbating age-related health problems. Numerous nutrients and food compounds have demonstrated the ability to compensate for various chronic diseases and geriatric conditions. Achieving optimal nutritional intake is therefore crucial for this vulnerable group to meet their macro- and micronutrient needs and maximize the prospects for good health and quality of life.

This Special Issue aims to explore the challenges faced by older adults in maintaining adequate dietary intake and nutritional balance. Prioritizing dietary intake and nutritional status in older populations is crucial for promoting a healthier and more active aging process. By understanding the specific needs of seniors and implementing appropriate dietary adjustments, we can contribute to their overall quality of life and longevity.

Dr. Cristiano Capurso
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • diet
  • quality of life
  • aging
  • elderly
  • frailty

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2209 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Nutritional Index and Instant Nutritional Assessement Are Associated with Clinical Outcomes in a Geriatric Cohort of Acutely Inpatients
by Cristiano Capurso, Aurelio Lo Buglio, Francesco Bellanti and Gianluigi Vendemiale
Nutrients 2024, 16(9), 1359; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091359 (registering DOI) - 30 Apr 2024
Abstract
Background: Among elderly inpatients, malnutrition is one of the most important predictive factors affecting length of stay (LOS), mortality, and risk of re-hospitalization. Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective study on a cohort of 2206 acutely inpatients. Serum albumin and lymphocytes were evaluated. [...] Read more.
Background: Among elderly inpatients, malnutrition is one of the most important predictive factors affecting length of stay (LOS), mortality, and risk of re-hospitalization. Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective study on a cohort of 2206 acutely inpatients. Serum albumin and lymphocytes were evaluated. Instant Nutritional Assessment (INA) and the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI) were calculated to predict in-hospital mortality, LOS, and risk of rehospitalization. Results: An inverse relationship between LOS, serum albumin, and PNI were found. Deceased patients had lower albumin levels, lower PNI values, and third- and fourth-degree INA scores. An accurate predictor of mortality was PNI (AUC = 0.785) after ROC curve analysis; both lower PNI values (HR = 3.56) and third- and fourth-degree INA scores (HR = 3.12) could be independent risk factors for mortality during hospitalization after Cox regression analysis. Moreover, among 309 subjects with a lower PNI value or third- and fourth-class INA, hospitalization was re-hospitalization. Conclusions: PNI and INA are two simple and quick-to-calculate tools that can help in classifying the condition of hospitalized elderly patients also based on their nutritional status, or in assessing their mortality risk. A poor nutritional status at the time of discharge may represent an important risk factor for rehospitalization in the following thirty days. This study confirms the importance of evaluating nutritional status at the time of hospitalization, especially in older patients. This study also confirms the importance for adequate training of doctors and nurses regarding the importance of maintaining a good nutritional status as an integral part of the therapeutic process of hospitalization in acute departments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake, Nutritional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Populations)
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10 pages, 246 KiB  
Article
Prognostic Nutritional Index Is a Predictive Marker for Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Adult Degenerative Scoliosis
by Haoran Zhang, You Du, Yiwei Zhao, Yang Yang, Jianguo Zhang and Shengru Wang
Nutrients 2023, 15(22), 4771; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15224771 - 13 Nov 2023
Viewed by 872
Abstract
Our aim was to ascertain whether the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), could predict the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) undergoing corrective surgery. We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients diagnosed with ADS between January 2013 [...] Read more.
Our aim was to ascertain whether the prognostic nutritional index (PNI), could predict the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in patients with adult degenerative scoliosis (ADS) undergoing corrective surgery. We conducted a retrospective analysis of consecutive patients diagnosed with ADS between January 2013 and June 2021. Three nutritional parameters were employed for analysis (PNI, anemia, and hypoalbuminemia). We utilized the Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) questionnaire and the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI) questionnaire to assess clinical outcomes. Following the epidemiology guidelines, we presented results from three different models: the crude model, minimally adjusted model, and fully adjusted model. A total of 316 ADS patients were included in the statistical analysis. There was no significant difference in sagittal plane radiographic parameters between the two groups. After adjusting for important confounding factors, PNI was an independent predictor of postoperative HRQOL. Specifically, for each one-unit increase in PNI, there was an approximately 20% higher likelihood of patients achieving a better HRQOL. Furthermore, we did not observe an association between hemoglobin levels or albumin levels and HRQOL. In this study, PNI has been demonstrated to be correlated with the postoperative HRQOL in patients with ADS undergoing corrective surgery. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake, Nutritional Status and Health-Related Quality of Life in Older Populations)
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