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Nutrients
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Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Aging, Liver Disease and Cancer
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Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Aging, Liver Disease and Cancer

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2019) | Viewed by 33435

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Cristiano Capurso

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
Interests: cognitive decline; atherosclerosis; diet pattern; aging; frailty
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Several studies have suggested that high adherence to the Mediterranean diet provides significant protection against many metabolic and liver diseases. The Mediterranean diet also provides significant protection against cancer and cancer-related mortality. High adherence to the Mediterranean Diet also slows down the aging process and is a factor of protection against diseases related to aging, including cognitive decline. The Mediterranean diet, therefore, represents a healthy food model in the context of healthy living habits.

This Special Issue of Nutrients, entitled “Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Liver Disease and Cancer”, has been developed to compile contemporary research studies on this important topic. We invite you and your collaborators to consider submission of your original research, protocol development, and methodological studies, narrative or systematic reviews, and meta-analyses. To better understand these complex relationships, we welcome all types of study designs in various populations, including large observational epidemiological studies, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, clinical and field trials, and qualitative investigations.

Potential topics may include, but are not limited to, the associations of the Mediterranean diet with aging, age-associated health outcomes, liver diseases, and cancer.

Dr. Cristiano Capurso
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Mediterranean diet
  • Nutrients
  • Liver disease
  • Aging
  • Frailty
  • Cancer
  • Cognitive decline

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2585 KiB  
Article
Piceatannol Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells against Hydrogen Peroxide Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis through Modulating PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway
by Yiming Hao, Jie Liu, Ziyuan Wang, Liangli (Lucy) Yu and Jing Wang
Nutrients 2019, 11(7), 1515; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071515 - 04 Jul 2019
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 4269
Abstract
This study investigated the protective effect and the molecular mechanism of piceatannol on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced retinal pigment epithelium cell (ARPE-19) damage. Piceatannol treatment significantly inhibited H2O2-induced RPE cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) [...] Read more.
This study investigated the protective effect and the molecular mechanism of piceatannol on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced retinal pigment epithelium cell (ARPE-19) damage. Piceatannol treatment significantly inhibited H2O2-induced RPE cell death and reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation by 64.4% and 75.0%, respectively. Results of flow cytometry showed that H2O2-induced ARPE-19 cells apoptosis was ameliorated by piceatannol supplementation, along with decreased relative protein expressions of Bax/Bcl-2, Cleave-Caspase-3, and Cleave-PARP. Moreover, piceatannol treatment induced NF-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) signaling activation, which was evidenced by increased transcription of anti-oxidant genes, glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (GCLc), SOD, and HO-1. Knockdown of Nrf2 through targeted siRNA alleviated piceatannol-mediated HO-1 transcription, and significantly abolished piceatannol-mediated cytoprotection. LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor) dramatically blocked piceatannol-mediated increasing of Nrf2 nuclear translocation, HO-1 expression, and cytoprotective activity, indicating the involvement of PI3K/Akt pathway in the cytoprotective effect of piceatannol. The results from this suggest the potential of piceatannol in reducing the risk of age-related macular degeneration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Aging, Liver Disease and Cancer)
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13 pages, 1477 KiB  
Article
Adherence to Mediterranean Diet, Malnutrition, Length of Stay and Mortality in Elderly Patients Hospitalized in Internal Medicine Wards
by Aurelio Lo Buglio, Francesco Bellanti, Cristiano Capurso, Annalisa Paglia and Gianluigi Vendemiale
Nutrients 2019, 11(4), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11040790 - 05 Apr 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 3530
Abstract
This investigation aimed to explore the adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and its relationship with length of stay and in-hospital mortality, circulating interleukins, body composition, and frailty, in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards. Thus, a cross-sectional study in 194 acute hospitalized, [...] Read more.
This investigation aimed to explore the adherence to a Mediterranean Diet and its relationship with length of stay and in-hospital mortality, circulating interleukins, body composition, and frailty, in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards. Thus, a cross-sectional study in 194 acute hospitalized, community-dwelling elderly patients was performed. Adherence to a Mediterranean Diet was evaluated by the Italian Mediterranean Index (IMI). Length of stay, but not in-hospital mortality rate, was higher in patients with a low IMI score, as compared to subjects with high IMI score. Markers of systemic inflammation, as well as circulating interleukin-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha, were higher in patients with a low IMI score, with respect to patients with high IMI score. Furthermore, patients with low IMI score had increased fat mass and reduced lean mass, together with a higher prevalence of frailty, as compared to those presenting with high IMI score. In a multivariate logistic regression model, an IMI score < 3 resulted as an independent predictor of longer length of stay. In conclusion, low adherence to a Mediterranean Diet in elderly patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards is associated with higher length of stay and related to unfavorable changes in circulating pro-inflammatory markers and body composition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Aging, Liver Disease and Cancer)
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Review

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34 pages, 3449 KiB  
Review
The Mediterranean Diet Slows Down the Progression of Aging and Helps to Prevent the Onset of Frailty: A Narrative Review
by Cristiano Capurso, Francesco Bellanti, Aurelio Lo Buglio and Gianluigi Vendemiale
Nutrients 2020, 12(1), 35; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12010035 - 21 Dec 2019
Cited by 65 | Viewed by 10565
Abstract
The aging population is rapidly increasing all over the world. This results in significant implications for the planning and provision of health and social care. Aging is physiologically characterized by a decrease in lean mass, bone mineral density and, to a lesser extent, [...] Read more.
The aging population is rapidly increasing all over the world. This results in significant implications for the planning and provision of health and social care. Aging is physiologically characterized by a decrease in lean mass, bone mineral density and, to a lesser extent, fat mass. The onset of sarcopenia leads to weakness and a further decrease in physical activity. An insufficient protein intake, which we often observe in patients of advanced age, certainly accelerates the progression of sarcopenia. In addition, many other factors (e.g., insulin resistance, impaired protein digestion and absorption of amino acids) reduce the stimulation of muscle protein synthesis in the elderly, even if the protein intake is adequate. Inadequate intake of foods can also cause micronutrient deficiencies that contribute to the development of frailty. We know that a healthy eating style in middle age predisposes to so-called “healthy and successful” aging, which is the condition of the absence of serious chronic diseases or of an important decline in cognitive or physical functions, or mental health. The Mediterranean diet is recognized to be a “healthy food” dietary pattern; high adherence to this dietary pattern is associated with a lower incidence of chronic diseases and lower physical impairment in old age. The aim of our review was to analyze observational studies (cohort and case–control studies) that investigated the effects of following a healthy diet, and especially the effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD), on the progression of aging and on onset of frailty. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Aging, Liver Disease and Cancer)
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22 pages, 1132 KiB  
Review
Role of Oleic Acid in the Gut-Liver Axis: From Diet to the Regulation of Its Synthesis via Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase 1 (SCD1)
by Elena Piccinin, Marica Cariello, Stefania De Santis, Simon Ducheix, Carlo Sabbà, James M. Ntambi and Antonio Moschetta
Nutrients 2019, 11(10), 2283; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11102283 - 24 Sep 2019
Cited by 72 | Viewed by 14642
Abstract
The consumption of an olive oil rich diet has been associated with the diminished incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Several studies have attributed these beneficial effects to oleic acid (C18 n-9), the predominant fatty acid principal component of olive oil. Oleic acid [...] Read more.
The consumption of an olive oil rich diet has been associated with the diminished incidence of cardiovascular disease and cancer. Several studies have attributed these beneficial effects to oleic acid (C18 n-9), the predominant fatty acid principal component of olive oil. Oleic acid is not an essential fatty acid since it can be endogenously synthesized in humans. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) is the enzyme responsible for oleic acid production and, more generally, for the synthesis of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA). The saturated to monounsaturated fatty acid ratio affects the regulation of cell growth and differentiation, and alteration in this ratio has been implicated in a variety of diseases, such as liver dysfunction and intestinal inflammation. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of the impact of gene-nutrient interactions in liver and gut diseases, by taking advantage of the role of SCD1 and its product oleic acid in the modulation of different hepatic and intestinal metabolic pathways. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition, Dietary Intake, Aging, Liver Disease and Cancer)
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