The Application of Immobilization Technologies in Fermentation

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Engineering and Technology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2022) | Viewed by 9110

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26500 Patras, Greece
Interests: chemistry and technology of fermented foods (alcoholic beverages; dairy products; probiotics; fermented cereal products; exploitation of industrial by-products)
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Dear Colleagues,

Immobilization is defined as the physical confinement or localization of an active biocatalyst (e.g., an enzyme or a whole microbial cell) on or into a suitable matrix, with preservation of its activity (and viability in the case of whole cells). The considerable research interest in the use of immobilization technologies in fermentation applications related to food, chemicals, or fuels is due to the numerous advantages they offer compared to conventional non-immobilized- (“free”) biocatalyst fermentation systems. These advantages include: (i) higher productivities, shorter process times, and reduced costs for investment and energy consumption; (ii) protection against shear forces and stress, leading to extended biocatalyst life and process operational stability; (iii) feasibility of continuous operation and processing at extreme conditions; (iv) easy biocatalyst recycling and product recovery; and (v) improved product quality and reduced product maturation times. Various matrices have been proposed as carriers for biocatalyst immobilization in various types of fermentation processes and bioreactor configurations, including organic and inorganic natural or synthetic materials. Recent advances in immobilization technologies designed for food and beverage fermentation processes are presented in this Special Issue.

Prof. Dr. Argyro Bekatorou
Assoc. Prof. Plessas Stavros
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • immobilization technologies
  • fermentation processes
  • foods
  • beverages
  • bioreactors
  • sustainability

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 2493 KiB  
Article
Novel Probiotic/Bacterial Cellulose Biocatalyst for the Development of Functional Dairy Beverage
by Iliada K. Lappa, Vasiliki Kachrimanidou, Maria Alexandri, Aikaterini Papadaki and Nikolaos Kopsahelis
Foods 2022, 11(17), 2586; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11172586 - 26 Aug 2022
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 1724
Abstract
The development of innovative functional products with potential health benefits, under the concept of bio-economy, is flourishing. This study undertook an evaluation of non-dairy lactobacilli Lactiplantibacillus pentosus B329 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 820 as “ready to use” starter cultures. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cultures [...] Read more.
The development of innovative functional products with potential health benefits, under the concept of bio-economy, is flourishing. This study undertook an evaluation of non-dairy lactobacilli Lactiplantibacillus pentosus B329 and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 820 as “ready to use” starter cultures. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) cultures were evaluated for their fermentation efficiency, before and after freeze-drying, using cheese whey (CW) as a fermentation substrate and subsequent immobilization on bacteria cellulose (BC) to produce a novel biocatalyst. The biocatalyst was applied in functional sour milk production and compared with free cells via the assessment of physicochemical and microbiological properties and sensory evaluation. Evidently, LAB strains exhibited high fermentative activity before and after freeze-drying. Results of a 5-month storage stability test showed that viability was 19% enhanced by immobilization on BC, supporting the concept of “ready to use” cultures for the production of fermented beverages. Likewise, sour milk produced by the BC biocatalyst presented higher organoleptic scores, compared to the free cells case, whereas immobilization on BC enhanced probiotic viability during post-fermentation storage (4 °C, 28 days). The obtained high viability (>107 log cfu/g) demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed bioprocess for the production of functional/probiotic-rich beverages. Ultimately, this work presents a consolidated scheme that includes the advantages and the cooperative effect of probiotic LAB strains combined with a functional biopolymer (BC) towards the formulation of novel functional products that coincide with the pillars of food systems sustainability. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Immobilization Technologies in Fermentation)
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21 pages, 28514 KiB  
Article
Vinegar Production from Corinthian Currants Finishing Side-Stream: Development and Comparison of Methods Based on Immobilized Acetic Acid Bacteria
by Iris Plioni, Argyro Bekatorou, Antonia Terpou, Athanasios Mallouchos, Stavros Plessas, Athanasios A Koutinas and Eleftheria Katechaki
Foods 2021, 10(12), 3133; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10123133 - 17 Dec 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 6345
Abstract
Fruit wastes and side-streams can be used for vinegar production to create added value for the agri-food sector and enhance farmer incomes and local economies. In this study, methods for vinegar production by wild and selected acetic acid bacteria (the quick starter Acetobacter [...] Read more.
Fruit wastes and side-streams can be used for vinegar production to create added value for the agri-food sector and enhance farmer incomes and local economies. In this study, methods for vinegar production by wild and selected acetic acid bacteria (the quick starter Acetobacter aceti and the acid-resistant Komagataeibacter europaeus), free (FC) and immobilized (IC) on a natural cellulosic carrier, are proposed using sweet wine made from the industrial finishing side-stream (FSS) of Corinthian currants as raw material. The results showed all cultures can produce vinegar with 46.65 ± 5.43 g/L acidity, from sweet FSS wine containing 5.08 ± 1.19% alcohol. The effect of immobilization was more obvious in the case of the selected culture, presenting better acetification efficiency, both fresh and after cold storage for 2 months. The vinegars had an antioxidant capacity of 263.5 ± 8.4 and 277.1 ± 6.7 mg/L (as ascorbic acid) and phenolic content 333.1 ± 12.0 and 222.2 ± 2.9 mg/L (as gallic acid) (for FC and IC, respectively). They also had a rich volatilome (140 compounds identified by SPME GC-MS), with higher percentages of esters identified in vinegars made by IC. The results are encouraging for vinegar production with IC of a mixed A. aceti and K. europaeus culture. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Application of Immobilization Technologies in Fermentation)
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