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Nutrients
Special Issues
Nutrient Digestion, Absorption, Energy Transformation and Metabolism
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Nutrient Digestion, Absorption, Energy Transformation and Metabolism

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 August 2024 | Viewed by 2821

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Xiaohua Pan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: nutrition; immunometabolism; gut microbiota; inflammatory bowel disease
Dr. Yun Ji

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Interests: nutrition; gut microbiota; IBD; NAFLD; intestinal barrier function
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The process of nutrient utilization, which involves digestion, absorption, energy transformation and metabolism, is a key physiological foundation for the optimal functioning of human organs and overall health. The disordered utilization of nutrients increases the risk of nutritional and metabolic diseases, including undernutrition, obesity, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes mellitus, etc. It is notable that the bioavailability of nutrients is affected by intrinsic human factors, such as age, gender and physical activity, as well as dietary factors such as food matrix and origin, processing conditions, and food additives/dietary supplements. Additionally, accumulating evidence suggests that the gut microbiota plays a key role in the acquisition, storage, and expenditure of energy that is obtained from the diet, with its production of digestive enzymes, metabolic products and its synthesis of micronutrients.

This Special Issue invites authors to share their novel research or comprehensive review, with the aim of advancing our understanding of nutrient digestion, absorption, energy transformation and metabolism. The topics addressed may include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Nutritional requirements and the metabolic pattern of particular populations, such as infants, pregnant women, elderly people, and patients with metabolic disorders;
  • The interactions between dietary nutrients, the gut microbiota, and host metabolism and health;
  • The effect and molecular action of the food matrix/origin, processing conditions, and food additives/dietary supplements on nutrient utilization;
  • Strategies to improve nutrient bioavailability and health, such as microcapsule/nano delivery systems, dietary supplements/ probiotics/prebiotics, etc.

Dr. Xiaohua Pan
Dr. Yun Ji
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrient digestion
  • absorption
  • energy metabolism
  • malnutrition
  • metabolic disorders
  • gut microbiota
  • food additives
  • food processing
  • probiotics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2278 KiB  
Article
Plasma-Induced Changes in the Metabolome Following Vistula Tart Cherry Consumption
by Emma Squires, Ian H. Walshe, William Cheung, Samantha L. Bowerbank, John R. Dean, Jacob Wood, Malachy P. McHugh, Stephan Plattner and Glyn Howatson
Nutrients 2024, 16(7), 1023; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16071023 - 01 Apr 2024
Viewed by 815
Abstract
Evidence suggests that tart cherry (TC) supplementation has beneficial effects on health indices and recovery following strenuous exercise. However, little is known about the mechanisms and how TC might modulate the human metabolome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence [...] Read more.
Evidence suggests that tart cherry (TC) supplementation has beneficial effects on health indices and recovery following strenuous exercise. However, little is known about the mechanisms and how TC might modulate the human metabolome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of an acute high- and low-dose of Vistula TC supplementation on the metabolomic profile in humans. In a randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled, cross-over design, 12 healthy participants (nine male and three female; mean ± SD age, stature, and mass were 29 ± 7 years old, 1.75 ± 0.1 m, and 77.3 ± 10.5 kg, respectively) visited the laboratory on three separate occasions (high dose; HI, low dose; LO, or placebo), separated by at least seven days. After an overnight fast, a baseline venous blood sample was taken, followed by consumption of a standardised breakfast and dose conditions (HI, LO, or placebo). Subsequent blood draws were taken 1, 2, 3, 5, and 8 h post consumption. Following sample preparation, an untargeted metabolomics approach was adopted, and the extracts analysed by LCMS/MS. When all time points were collated, a principal component analysis showed a significant difference between the conditions (p < 0.05), such that the placebo trial had homogeneity, and HI showed greater heterogeneity. In a sub-group analysis, cyanidine-3-O-glucoside (C3G), cyanidine-3-O-rutinoside (C3R), and vanillic acid (VA) were detected in plasma and showed significant differences (p < 0.05) following acute consumption of Vistula TC, compared to the placebo group. These results provide evidence that phenolics are bioavailable in plasma and induce shifts in the metabolome following acute Vistula TC consumption. These data could be used to inform future intervention studies where changes in physiological outcomes could be influenced by metabolomic shifts following acute supplementation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrient Digestion, Absorption, Energy Transformation and Metabolism)
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14 pages, 2754 KiB  
Article
Colon-Targeted Delivery of Indole Acetic Acid Helps Regulate Gut Motility by Activating the AHR Signaling Pathway
by Ying Chen, Ruili Pan, Liya Mei, Peijun Tian, Linlin Wang, Jianxin Zhao, Wei Chen and Gang Wang
Nutrients 2023, 15(19), 4282; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15194282 - 08 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1281
Abstract
Intestinal peristalsis is vital for gastrointestinal physiology and host homeostasis and is frequently dysregulated in intestinal disorders. Gut microbiota can regulate gut motility, especially through the tryptophan metabolism pathway. However, the role of indoles as microbial tryptophan metabolites in colonic function requires further [...] Read more.
Intestinal peristalsis is vital for gastrointestinal physiology and host homeostasis and is frequently dysregulated in intestinal disorders. Gut microbiota can regulate gut motility, especially through the tryptophan metabolism pathway. However, the role of indoles as microbial tryptophan metabolites in colonic function requires further exploration. Here, we show that the delivery of indole acetic acid (IAA) targeting the colon can improve gut motility by activating the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). To achieve colon-targeted delivery, Eudragit S-100 (ES) and chitosan (CS) were used as drug carriers. After optimisation, IAA-loaded ES-coated CS nanoparticles exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of 83% and a drug-loading capacity of 16%. These nanoparticles exhibited pH-dependent characteristics and remained stable in acidic conditions and the upper intestine. In simulated intestinal fluid (pH 7.4) and colonic lumen, considerable amounts of IAA were released after approximately 4 h. Compared with free IAA, the nanoparticles exerted enhanced therapeutic effects on gut movement disorders induced by loperamide. The efficacy of IAA treatment was attributable to the activation of the AHR signalling pathway and increased levels of AHR agonists. Furthermore, the oral administration of IAA-loaded nanoparticles promoted serotonin secretion and maintained the intestinal barrier function. The experimental outcomes demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed colon-specific delivery system and highlight the role of IAA, produced by gut microbiota metabolism, in regulating gut peristalsis through AHR activation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrient Digestion, Absorption, Energy Transformation and Metabolism)
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