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Nutrients
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Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition)
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Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition)

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition in Women".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 September 2024 | Viewed by 12089

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Linglin Xie

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
Interests: obesity; early-life nutrition; offspring obesity; maternal diet intervention; pregnancy
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

During pregnancy, expectant mothers put more focus on their diet, aiming to improve their own health and promote fetus growth. However, the roles of critical nutrients in pregnancy and the available evidence on the use of supplements to reduce risks and improve maternal and fetal outcomes remain unclear. In addition, it is now well established that in utero and early life, exposure to under- or over-nutrition can disrupt normal growth and development and thus change the offspring phenotype to one that is prone to future diseases. There is an emerging need to understand how nutrition during the sensitive time periods of early developmental plasticity can impact offspring health.

Considering the success of the previous Special Issue entitled “Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy”, we are pleased to announce that we are launching a second Special Issue on this topic. The objective of this Special Issue titled “Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition)” is to showcase the latest research focusing on topics among this non-comprehensive list:

  • Nutritional management in pregnancy including in a high-risk pregnancy;
  • Maternal food safety and offspring outcomes;
  • Safety and efficacy of supplements in pregnancy;
  • Maternal macro- and micronutrient intake and offspring obesity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, etc.;
  • Early-life nutritioninterventions and long-term cardiometabolic outcomes;
  • Maternal nutrition intake, gut microflora changes, and consequences on health;

Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms underlying how maternal nutrition reprograms offspring health.

Dr. Linglin Xie
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • pregnancy
  • nutrition
  • supplement
  • developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
  • perinatal metabolism and metabolomics
  • gut microbiota
  • epigenetic regulation
  • childhood obesity
  • diabetes
  • metabolic syndromes
  • food safety

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 629 KiB  
Article
Dietary Patterns and Factors Associated with Food Affinity in Pregnant Women from Quito, Ecuador
by Paola Toapanta-Pinta, Santiago Vasco-Morales, Sara Céspedes-Granda, Daniela Saes Sartorelli and Elaine Christine Dantas Moisés
Nutrients 2024, 16(4), 475; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040475 - 07 Feb 2024
Viewed by 2415
Abstract
Nutrition during pregnancy influences perinatal outcomes and predispositions to chronic diseases. A prospective cohort study was carried out with the objectives of describing the dietary patterns in the pregnant population in the city of Quito, Ecuador and analysing the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors [...] Read more.
Nutrition during pregnancy influences perinatal outcomes and predispositions to chronic diseases. A prospective cohort study was carried out with the objectives of describing the dietary patterns in the pregnant population in the city of Quito, Ecuador and analysing the sociodemographic and lifestyle factors that influence the adherence to each dietary pattern. The body mass index was calculated for each patient, and the patients were classified according to the Atalah criteria. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was also applied. The dietary patterns were assessed using a dietary survey with a 24 h recall on two occasions. A total of 535 pregnant women were included. A positive association was found between the pattern “dairy, salads and sweet snacks/dressings” and foreign nationality (β = 0.82 (0.43;1.21)). The “refined carbohydrates” pattern was negatively associated with education equal to or less than 7 years and an income of up to one basic salary (β = −0.59 (−1.05; −0.14)). The “traditional Ecuadorian” pattern showed a positive association with being born in the coastal region of Ecuador (β = 0.62 (0.22; 1.01)). This study identified three dietary patterns in pregnant women and their possible associations with certain sociodemographic factors. More studies are needed to better understand these patterns as well as to analyse their nutritional and caloric properties. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition))
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21 pages, 2379 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Gut Characteristics and Microbiota Changes with Maternal Supplementation in a Neural Tube Defect Mouse Model
by Juan Antonio Cordero-Varela, Marta Reyes-Corral, Miguel Lao-Pérez, Beatriz Fernández-Santos, Fernando Montenegro-Elvira, Lluis Sempere and Patricia Ybot-González
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4944; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234944 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 996
Abstract
Adequate nutrient supply is crucial for the proper development of the embryo. Although nutrient supply is determined by maternal diet, the gut microbiota also influences nutrient availability. While currently there is no cure for neural tube defects (NTDs), their prevention is largely amenable [...] Read more.
Adequate nutrient supply is crucial for the proper development of the embryo. Although nutrient supply is determined by maternal diet, the gut microbiota also influences nutrient availability. While currently there is no cure for neural tube defects (NTDs), their prevention is largely amenable to maternal folic acid and inositol supplementation. The gut microbiota also contributes to the production of these nutrients, which are absorbed by the host, but its role in this context remains largely unexplored. In this study, we performed a functional and morphological analysis of the intestinal tract of loop-tail mice (Vangl2 mutants), a mouse model of folate/inositol-resistant NTDs. In addition, we investigated the changes in gut microbiota using 16S rRNA gene sequencing regarding (1) the host genotype; (2) the sample source for metagenomics analysis; (3) the pregnancy status in the gestational window of neural tube closure; (4) folic acid and (5) D-chiro-inositol supplementation. We observed that Vangl2+/Lp mice showed no apparent changes in gastrointestinal transit time or fecal output, yet exhibited increased intestinal length and cecal weight and gut dysbiosis. Moreover, our results showed that the mice supplemented with folic acid and D-chiro-inositol had significant changes in their microbiota composition, which are changes that could have implications for nutrient absorption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition))
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16 pages, 1889 KiB  
Article
Are Twin Pregnancies at Higher Risk for Iron and Calcium Deficiency than Singleton Pregnancies?
by Anna Dera-Szymanowska, Dorota Filipowicz, Natalia Misan, Krzysztof Szymanowski, Thilo Samson Chillon, Sabrina Asaad, Qian Sun, Ewelina Szczepanek-Parulska, Lutz Schomburg and Marek Ruchała
Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 4047; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15184047 - 18 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1345
Abstract
The aim of this study was to compare the iron and calcium status in singleton and twin pregnancies and to assess whether there is an increased risk for iron and calcium deficiency in twin gestation. The study included 105 singleton and 9 twin [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to compare the iron and calcium status in singleton and twin pregnancies and to assess whether there is an increased risk for iron and calcium deficiency in twin gestation. The study included 105 singleton and 9 twin pregnancies at or above 35 weeks of gestation. Information on prenatal supplementation with iron or calcium was acquired, and adverse perinatal outcomes were recorded. Biosamples from all 114 mothers and 73 newborns (61 singleton and 12 twin newborns) were finally analyzed. Total iron and calcium concentrations in serum were measured through total reflection X-ray fluorescence analysis. The results indicated no significant differences in maternal serum iron and calcium concentrations between singleton and twin pregnancies. Similarly, iron and calcium concentrations in newborn umbilical cord serum samples were not different between singleton and twin pregnancies. The comparison of total iron and calcium between mothers and umbilical cord serum indicated significantly lower concentrations in the mothers, with the differences being not homogenous but rather pair-specific. A significant positive correlation between maternal serum and umbilical cord serum calcium concentration was noticed. Prenatal iron supplementation was associated with higher iron concentrations in both mothers and newborns, supporting the efficiency of supplementation and the quality of the study methods. Collectively, the data indicate no significant differences in serum iron and calcium concentrations with regard to singleton or twin pregnancies and the efficiency of iron supplementation during pregnancy for increasing iron status. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition))
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22 pages, 1078 KiB  
Article
Association between Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Hyperemesis Gravidarum
by Wenjie Cheng, Lintian Li, Zhaoqing Long, Xiuxiu Ma, Fangyao Chen, Le Ma, Shunming Zhang and Jing Lin
Nutrients 2023, 15(15), 3300; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153300 - 25 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1435
Abstract
(1) Background: Although studies have suggested that dietary interventions may have potential benefits over conventional medical treatments, research on the association between dietary patterns and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) in pregnant women is scarce. (2) Methods: To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and [...] Read more.
(1) Background: Although studies have suggested that dietary interventions may have potential benefits over conventional medical treatments, research on the association between dietary patterns and hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) in pregnant women is scarce. (2) Methods: To explore the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of HG, a cross-sectional study was conducted in Xi’an, China from April 2021 to September 2022. Dietary intake was assessed by a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire, and then factor analysis was used to derive dietary patterns. HG was defined as persistent and severe nausea and vomiting with weight loss ≥ 5%, pregnancy-unique quantification of emesis (PUQE) score ≥ 13, or hospitalization due to vomiting. Logistic regression models were used to estimate ORs and 95% CIs for HG according to dietary pattern scores. Stratified analyses and tests for interaction were performed by potential confounders. (3) Results: Of the 3122 pregnant women enrolled, 2515 individuals (mean age: 31.2 ± 3.4 years) were included in the final analysis. In total, 226 (8.9%) pregnant women were identified as having HG. Five dietary patterns were identified. After adjusting for covariates, the highest quartile of the “fish, shrimp and meat” and “egg, milk and water drinking” patterns was associated with a 37% and 58% lower risk of HG compared with the lowest quartile, respectively (p-trend < 0.05). Conversely, the highest quartile of the “beverage” pattern was associated with a 64% higher risk of HG compared with the lowest quartile (p-trend = 0.02). Furthermore, significant interactions were observed between the “egg, milk and water drinking” pattern and parity, employment status and nutritional supplement use (p-interaction < 0.05). (4) Conclusions: A diet rich in eggs, milk, seafood and unprocessed poultry and animal meat may be a protective factor against HG, while a diet high in beverages may be detrimental to HG. These associations may vary by parity, employment status and nutritional supplement use. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition))
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Review

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38 pages, 3441 KiB  
Review
Between Dysbiosis, Maternal Immune Activation and Autism: Is There a Common Pathway?
by Maria Suprunowicz, Natalia Tomaszek, Agata Urbaniak, Klaudia Zackiewicz, Stefan Modzelewski and Napoleon Waszkiewicz
Nutrients 2024, 16(4), 549; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040549 - 16 Feb 2024
Viewed by 2364
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. Growing evidence highlights an important role of the gut–brain–microbiome axis in the pathogenesis of ASD. Research indicates an abnormal composition of the gut microbiome and the [...] Read more.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neuropsychiatric condition characterized by impaired social interactions and repetitive stereotyped behaviors. Growing evidence highlights an important role of the gut–brain–microbiome axis in the pathogenesis of ASD. Research indicates an abnormal composition of the gut microbiome and the potential involvement of bacterial molecules in neuroinflammation and brain development disruptions. Concurrently, attention is directed towards the role of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and impaired intestinal tightness. This comprehensive review emphasizes the potential impact of maternal gut microbiota changes on the development of autism in children, especially considering maternal immune activation (MIA). The following paper evaluates the impact of the birth route on the colonization of the child with bacteria in the first weeks of life. Furthermore, it explores the role of pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-6 and IL-17a and mother’s obesity as potentially environmental factors of ASD. The purpose of this review is to advance our understanding of ASD pathogenesis, while also searching for the positive implications of the latest therapies, such as probiotics, prebiotics or fecal microbiota transplantation, targeting the gut microbiota and reducing inflammation. This review aims to provide valuable insights that could instruct future studies and treatments for individuals affected by ASD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition))
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21 pages, 1845 KiB  
Review
Trophoblast Differentiation: Mechanisms and Implications for Pregnancy Complications
by Lauren Lawless, Yushu Qin, Linglin Xie and Ke Zhang
Nutrients 2023, 15(16), 3564; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163564 - 12 Aug 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2955
Abstract
Placental development is a tightly controlled event, in which cell expansion from the trophectoderm occurs in a spatiotemporal manner. Proper trophoblast differentiation is crucial to the vitality of this gestational organ. Obstructions to its development can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, [...] Read more.
Placental development is a tightly controlled event, in which cell expansion from the trophectoderm occurs in a spatiotemporal manner. Proper trophoblast differentiation is crucial to the vitality of this gestational organ. Obstructions to its development can lead to pregnancy complications, such as preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, and preterm birth, posing severe health risks to both the mother and offspring. Currently, the only known treatment strategy for these complications is delivery, making it an important area of research. The aim of this review was to summarize the known information on the development and mechanistic regulation of trophoblast differentiation and highlight the similarities in these processes between the human and mouse placenta. Additionally, the known biomarkers for each cell type were compiled to aid in the analysis of sequencing technologies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition and Supplements during Pregnancy (2nd Edition))
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