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Nutrients
Special Issues
The Role of Diet Pattern on Exercise Performance and Metabolism
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The Role of Diet Pattern on Exercise Performance and Metabolism

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Sports Nutrition".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 July 2024 | Viewed by 8180

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Eduardo Iglesias-Gutiérrez

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Functional Biology, University of Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
Interests: molecular response to exercise; epigenetics; sports nutrition and metabolism; microbiota and performance; exercise animal models
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Manuel Fernández-Sanjurjo

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain
Interests: sports nutrition; molecular response to exercise; biomarkers; exercise biochemistry; nutrition metabolism

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The relationship between nutrition and sports performance, through its influence on energy metabolism, has been extensively studied in recent decades. Nutritional supplements have also received much attention in this context. Similar to other areas of biomedical research, the information available on women is limited, and there is an urgent need to expand upon the available information. In addition, detailed intake assessments are needed to guide and optimize nutritional interventions aimed at improving the health status and performance of athletes. More recently, other modulating elements have emerged in this relationship, such as the composition and metabolic activity of microbiota, the dynamics and content of extracellular vesicles, or the mitochondrial function in different tissues.

We are pleased to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue, which aims to expand knowledge on the relationship between dietary and supplementation habits, along with athletic performance, through the modulation of the metabolic response to exercise, with special attention being paid to new mechanisms that will ultimately allow for the optimization of nutritional interventions.

Dr. Eduardo Iglesias-Gutiérrez
Dr. Manuel Fernández-Sanjurjo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • nutrition
  • sport
  • food intake
  • supplements
  • muscle function

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 1060 KiB  
Article
Analysis of Fluid Balance and Urine Values in Elite Soccer Players: Impact of Different Environments, Playing Positions, Sexes, and Competitive Levels
by Jaime Sebastiá-Rico, Jose M. Soriano, Jesús Sanchis-Chordà, Ángel F. García-Fernández, Pedro López-Mateu, Sandra de la Cruz Marcos and José Miguel Martínez-Sanz
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 903; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060903 - 21 Mar 2024
Viewed by 792
Abstract
Exercise can disrupt the fluid balance, hindering performance and athlete health. Limited data exist on fluid balance responses in varying climates, sexes, and ages. This study aimed to measure and compare fluid balance and urine values among elite soccer players during training at [...] Read more.
Exercise can disrupt the fluid balance, hindering performance and athlete health. Limited data exist on fluid balance responses in varying climates, sexes, and ages. This study aimed to measure and compare fluid balance and urine values among elite soccer players during training at high and low temperatures, examining the differences between sexes, playing positions, and competitive levels within men’s soccer. During the 2022–2023 competitive season, a descriptive observational study was conducted on 87 soccer players from an elite Spanish soccer team. The study found that none of the groups exceeded weight loss values of 1.5% of their body mass. Additionally, the soccer players studied experienced higher weight loss, fluid intake, and a higher sweat rate (SR) during summer training compared to winter training. During the summer, male U23-21 soccer players exhibited higher levels of weight loss, fluid intake, and a higher SR compared to female soccer players or the U19-17 male category. No significant differences were found between playing positions. In conclusion, differences in the fluid balance were observed based on the climatic conditions, competitive level, and sex. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Diet Pattern on Exercise Performance and Metabolism)
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19 pages, 1532 KiB  
Article
Dynamics of Gut Microbiota and Short-Chain Fatty Acids during a Cycling Grand Tour Are Related to Exercise Performance and Modulated by Dietary Intake
by Manuel Fernandez-Sanjurjo, Javier Fernandez, Pablo Martinez-Camblor, Manuel Rodriguez-Alonso, Raquel Ortolano-Rios, Paola Pinto-Hernandez, Juan Castilla-Silgado, Almudena Coto-Vilcapoma, Lorena Ruiz, Claudio J. Villar, Cristina Tomas-Zapico, Abelardo Margolles, Benjamin Fernandez-Garcia, Eduardo Iglesias-Gutierrez and Felipe Lombó
Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 661; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050661 - 27 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1295
Abstract
Background: Regular exercise has been described to modify both the diversity and the relative abundance of certain bacterial taxa. To our knowledge, the effect of a cycling stage race, which entails extreme physiological and metabolic demands, on the gut microbiota composition and its [...] Read more.
Background: Regular exercise has been described to modify both the diversity and the relative abundance of certain bacterial taxa. To our knowledge, the effect of a cycling stage race, which entails extreme physiological and metabolic demands, on the gut microbiota composition and its metabolic activity has not been analysed. Objective: The aim of this cohort study was to analyse the dynamics of faecal microbiota composition and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content of professional cyclists over a Grand Tour and their relationship with performance and dietary intake. Methods: 16 professional cyclists competing in La Vuelta 2019 were recruited. Faecal samples were collected at four time points: the day before the first stage (A); after 9 stages (B); after 15 stages (C); and on the last stage (D). Faecal microbiota populations and SCFA content were analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing and gas chromatography, respectively. A principal component analysis (PCA) followed by Generalised Estimating Equation (GEE) models were carried out to explore the dynamics of microbiota and SCFAs and their relationship with performance. Results: Bifidobacteriaceae, Coriobacteriaceae, Erysipelotrichaceae, and Sutterellaceae dynamics showed a strong final performance predictive value (r = 0.83, ranking, and r = 0.81, accumulated time). Positive correlations were observed between Coriobacteriaceae with acetate (r = 0.530) and isovalerate (r = 0.664) and between Bifidobacteriaceae with isobutyrate (r = 0.682). No relationship was observed between SCFAs and performance. The abundance of Erysipelotrichaceae at the beginning of La Vuelta was directly related to the previous intake of complex-carbohydrate-rich foods (r = 0.956), while during the competition, the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae was negatively affected by the intake of simple carbohydrates from supplements (r = −0.650). Conclusions: An ecological perspective represents more realistically the relationship between gut microbiota composition and performance compared to single-taxon approaches. The composition and periodisation of diet and supplementation during a Grand Tour, particularly carbohydrates, could be designed to modulate gut microbiota composition to allow better performance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Diet Pattern on Exercise Performance and Metabolism)
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Review

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14 pages, 625 KiB  
Review
Intermittent Fasting: Does It Affect Sports Performance? A Systematic Review
by Javier Conde-Pipó, Agustín Mora-Fernandez, Manuel Martinez-Bebia, Nuria Gimenez-Blasi, Alejandro Lopez-Moro, José Antonio Latorre, Antonio Almendros-Ruiz, Bernardo Requena and Miguel Mariscal-Arcas
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 168; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010168 - 04 Jan 2024
Viewed by 5711
Abstract
Intermittent fasting is one of the most popular types of diet at the moment because it is an effective nutritional strategy in terms of weight loss. The main objective of this review is to analyze the effects that intermittent fasting has on sports [...] Read more.
Intermittent fasting is one of the most popular types of diet at the moment because it is an effective nutritional strategy in terms of weight loss. The main objective of this review is to analyze the effects that intermittent fasting has on sports performance. We analyzed physical capacities: aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, strength, and power, as well as their effect on body composition. For this, a bibliographic search was carried out in several databases where 25 research articles were analyzed to clarify these objectives. Inclusion criteria: dates between 2013 and present, free full texts, studies conducted in adult human athletes, English and/or Spanish languages, and if it has been considered that intermittent fasting is mainly linked to sports practice and that this obtains a result in terms of performance or physical capacities. This review was registered in PROSPERO with code ref. 407024, and an evaluation of the quality or risk of bias was performed. After this analysis, results were obtained regarding the improvement of body composition and the maintenance of muscle mass. An influence of intermittent fasting on sports performance and body composition is observed. It can be concluded that intermittent fasting provides benefits in terms of body composition without reducing physical performance, maintenance of lean mass, and improvements in maximum power. But despite this, it is necessary to carry out new studies focusing on the sports field since the samples have been very varied. Additionally, the difference in hours of intermittent fasting should be studied, especially in the case of overnight fasting. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue The Role of Diet Pattern on Exercise Performance and Metabolism)
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