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Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Prebiotics and Probiotics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 17379

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Ruifu Yang

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Guest Editor
Beijing Key Laboratory of POCT for Bioemergency and Clinic (No. BZ0329), Beijing, China
Interests: human microbiota and health; probiotics and prebiotics for health; bacterial genomics, evolution and pathogenesis
Dr. Xin Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Principal Research Scientist in Food research institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Science, Hangzhou, China
Interests: environmental factors that affect the function and structure of intestinal microbiota in humans, particularly the investigation of the impacts of foods components and prebiotics on gut microbiota and human intestinal health using in vitro simulation systems and animal models
Dr. Xuesong Xiang

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Guest Editor
National Institute of Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing, China
Interests: Dietary Nutrition and Gut Microbiota; Health Evidence Evaluation of Probiotics and Prebiotics
Prof. Dr. Fang He

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Guest Editor
Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
Interests: intestinal microbiology and immunity; probiotics and prebiotics; food microbiology and technology; nutrition, disease and public health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

It is a great pleasure to invite you to contribute to this Special Issue of Nutrients, related to the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics.

The conference and the forthcoming papers serve as an international forum for the presentation and discussion of current basic and clinical research in the field of probiotics and prebiotics. The conference theme will be “Probiotics and Prebiotics in Health Promotion”, with broad and deep discussions on various topics, including international expert consensus, regulations and standards on probiotics, prebiotics, and even post probiotics; the role of probiotics, prebiotics, and post-probiotics on health; as well as interactions between nutrients and gut microbiota. Research on gut microbiota composition and function, applications, and functional evaluation will also be considered.

We are very honored to have experts around the world to share the updated information on this topic. All kinds of manuscripts, including commentaries, opinions, reviews, and research papers, are welcome to submit to the organizing committee via email (). After initial evaluation, the committee will recommend you submit to the journal Nutrients if the paper meets the requirements of the journal. The paper will be accepted for publication if it passes the review process. Accepted papers will receive 20% discount of the publication fee.

Prof. Dr. Ruifu Yang
Dr. Xin Wang
Dr. Xuesong Xiang
Prof. Dr. Fang He
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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17 pages, 9328 KiB  
Article
Live and Heat-Inactivated Streptococcus thermophilus MN-ZLW-002 Mediate the Gut–Brain Axis, Alleviating Cognitive Dysfunction in APP/PS1 Mice
by Yujie Zhang, Yimei Wang, Zhimo Zhou, Yang Yang, Jincheng Zhao, Xiaohong Kang, Zhouyong Li, Xi Shen, Fang He and Ruyue Cheng
Nutrients 2024, 16(6), 844; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16060844 - 15 Mar 2024
Viewed by 944
Abstract
Research on regulating brain functions with probiotics and postbiotics through the gut–brain axis is attracting attention, offering the possibility of adjuvant therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Three-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were gavaged with live and heat-inactivated S. thermophilus MN-002 for three months. This [...] Read more.
Research on regulating brain functions with probiotics and postbiotics through the gut–brain axis is attracting attention, offering the possibility of adjuvant therapy for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Three-month-old male APP/PS1 mice were gavaged with live and heat-inactivated S. thermophilus MN-002 for three months. This study demonstrated that live and heat-inactivated S. thermophilus MN-002 improved cognitive dysfunctions in APP/PS1 mice, especially in spatial memory. However, the main effects of live S. thermophilus MN-002 directly altered the intestinal microbiota composition and increased serum IL-1β and IL-6. Heat-inactivated S. thermophilus MN-002 increased colonic propionic acid levels and enhanced the hippocampus’s antioxidant capacity. Furthermore, the changes were more obvious in the high-dose group, such as astrogliosis in the hippocampus. These results indicate that different forms and doses of the same strain, S. thermophilus MN-002, can partly improve cognitive functions in AD model mice via the gut–brain axis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
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18 pages, 3869 KiB  
Article
Therapeutic Evaluation of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MH-02 as an Adjunctive Treatment in Patients with Reflux Esophagitis: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial
by Lihong Gan, Yufan Wang, Shenan Huang, Li Zheng, Qi Feng, Hui Liu, Peng Liu, Kaige Zhang, Tingtao Chen and Nian Fang
Nutrients 2024, 16(3), 342; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030342 - 24 Jan 2024
Viewed by 2401
Abstract
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently routinely used for the treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE); however, with frequent symptom recurrence after discontinuation and limited clinical improvement in accompanying gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aims to explore the adjuvant therapeutic effect of Bifidobacterium supplement for [...] Read more.
Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are currently routinely used for the treatment of reflux esophagitis (RE); however, with frequent symptom recurrence after discontinuation and limited clinical improvement in accompanying gastrointestinal symptoms. This study aims to explore the adjuvant therapeutic effect of Bifidobacterium supplement for RE patients. A total of 110 eligible RE patients were recruited and randomly assigned to the placebo and probiotic groups. All patients were treated with rabeprazole tablets and simultaneously received either Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis MH-02 or placebo for 8 weeks. Patients who achieved clinical remission then entered the next 12 weeks of follow-up. RDQ, GSRS scores, and endoscopy were performed to assess clinical improvement, and changes in intestinal microbiota were analyzed with high-throughput sequencing. Our results revealed that MH-02 combined therapy demonstrated an earlier time to symptom resolution (50.98% vs. 30.61%, p = 0.044), a significant reduction in the GSRS score (p = 0.0007), and a longer mean time to relapse (p = 0.0013). In addition, high-throughput analyses showed that MH-02 combined therapy increased the α (p = 0.001) diversity of gut microbiota and altered microbial composition by beta diversity analysis, accompanied with significantly altered gut microbiota taxa at the genus level, where the abundance of some microbial genera including Bifidobacterium, Clostridium, and Blautia were increased, while the relative abundance of Streptococcus and Rothia were decreased (p < 0.05). Collectively, these results support the beneficial effects of MH-02 as a novel complementary strategy in RE routine treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
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15 pages, 3272 KiB  
Article
Multiomics Revealed the Multi-Dimensional Effects of Late Sleep on Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in Children in Northwest China
by Xuesong Xiang, Juanjuan Chen, Mingyu Zhu, Huiyu Gao, Xiaobing Liu and Qi Wang
Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4315; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204315 - 10 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1016
Abstract
Background Sleep plays a pivotal role in children’s mental and physical development and has been linked to the gut microbiota in animals and adults. However, the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites and the relationship to late bedtimes in children remain unclear. [...] Read more.
Background Sleep plays a pivotal role in children’s mental and physical development and has been linked to the gut microbiota in animals and adults. However, the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites and the relationship to late bedtimes in children remain unclear. Methods In total, 88 eligible children, aged from 3 to 8 years, were recruited and divided into two groups according to the bedtime collected by designed questionnaires (early, before 22:00: n = 48; late, after 22:00, n = 40). Stools and plasma samples were collected to examine the characteristics of the gut microbiota and metabolites by shotgun metagenomics and metabolomics. Results The richness and diversity of the gut microbiota in children with early bedtime were significantly increased compared with the late ones. Coprococcus, Collinsella, Akkermansia muciniphila, and Bifidobacterium adolescentis were significantly more abundant in children with early bedtime, while Bacteroides and Clostridium sp. CAG-253 were obviously enriched in the late ones. A total of 106 metabolic pathways, including biosynthesis of ribonucleotide, peptidoglycan, and amino acids, and starch degradation were enriched in children with early bedtime, while 42 pathways were abundant in those with late bedtime. Notably, more gut microbial metabolites were observed in children with late bedtime, which included aldehyde, ketones, esters, amino acids and their metabolites, benzene and substituted derivatives, bile acids, heterocyclic compounds, nucleotide and metabolites, organic acid and derivatives, sugars and acyl carnitine. In plasma, fatty amides, lipids, amino acids, metabolites, hormones, and related compounds were enriched in children with early bedtime, while bile acids were higher in children with late bedtime. Association studies revealed that the different microbial species were correlated with metabolites from gut microbiota and plasma. Conclusions The results of our study revealed that the gut microbiota diversity and richness, and metabolic pathways were significantly extensive in children with early bedtime, whereas the gut microbial metabolites were significantly decreased, which might be related to gut microbial differences. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
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12 pages, 1385 KiB  
Article
Bifidobacterium as a Potential Biomarker of Sarcopenia in Elderly Women
by Zhengyuan Wang, Xin Xu, Yangzong Deji, Shanxi Gao, Chunxiang Wu, Qi Song, Zehuan Shi, Xuesong Xiang, Jiajie Zang and Jin Su
Nutrients 2023, 15(5), 1266; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15051266 - 03 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2272
Abstract
Gut microbial dysbiosis influences the development of sarcopenia. This case-control study explored the gut microbiota composition in elderly Chinese women with sarcopenia. The information from 50 cases and 50 controls was collected. Grip strength, body weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, energy [...] Read more.
Gut microbial dysbiosis influences the development of sarcopenia. This case-control study explored the gut microbiota composition in elderly Chinese women with sarcopenia. The information from 50 cases and 50 controls was collected. Grip strength, body weight, body mass index, skeletal muscle mass, energy intake, and total and high-quality protein intake were lower in cases than in controls (p < 0.05). Gut microbiota metagenomic sequencing showed that phylum Bacteroides was significantly reduced in the case group, whereas genus Prevotella was more abundant (p < 0.05). Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size showed that 9 and 13 distinct microbial taxa were enriched in the case and control groups, respectively (LDA > 2, p < 0.05), among which Prevotella copri and Bifidobacterium longum were significantly different (LDA > 4, p < 0.05). The AUC of Bifidobacterium longum was 0.674 (95% CI: 0.539–0.756). Elderly women with sarcopenia exhibited significantly different gut microbiota compositions than healthy controls. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
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13 pages, 2829 KiB  
Article
The Effect of Breast Milk Microbiota on the Composition of Infant Gut Microbiota: A Cohort Study
by Yapeng Li, Lei Ren, Yunyi Wang, Jinxing Li, Qingqing Zhou, Chenrui Peng, Yuchen Li, Ruyue Cheng, Fang He and Xi Shen
Nutrients 2022, 14(24), 5397; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14245397 - 19 Dec 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2839
Abstract
Evidence shows that breast milk microbiota and an infant’s gut microbiota are related. This study aimed to compare the effects of breast milk microbiota on the construction and colonization of gut microbiota in newborns. In this study, 23 healthy infants were selected and [...] Read more.
Evidence shows that breast milk microbiota and an infant’s gut microbiota are related. This study aimed to compare the effects of breast milk microbiota on the construction and colonization of gut microbiota in newborns. In this study, 23 healthy infants were selected and divided into a breastfeeding group (13) and a mixed feeding group (10) based on the feeding method within one month of age. Infant fecal and breast milk samples were collected on the day of birth (0 day) and 30 days after birth (30 days) for 16S rRNA second-generation sequencing and SCFA detection. The results showed that Firmicutes and Actinobacteriota on day 0 and Firmicutes and Proteobacteria on 30 d dominated breast milk gut microbiota. There were correlations between the breast milk microbiota and the infant gut microbiota in each group (p < 0.05). Additionally, breast milk microbiota correlated more significantly with infants’ SCFAs in the breastfeeding group than in the mixed feeding group. This study showed that breast milk microbiota partially influences the construction of infant gut microbiota, with some key strains having a crucial influence, such as Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, and Enterobacter. However, the effect of breast milk microbiota on infant gut microbiota is not through direct strain transmission but has been indirectly influenced, which may be related to the cross-feeding effect mediated by SCFAs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
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Review

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16 pages, 366 KiB  
Review
Development of Gut Microbiota in the First 1000 Days after Birth and Potential Interventions
by Alexandru Cosmin Pantazi, Adriana Luminita Balasa, Cristina Maria Mihai, Tatiana Chisnoiu, Vasile Valeriu Lupu, Mustafa Ali Kassim Kassim, Larisia Mihai, Corina Elena Frecus, Sergiu Ioachim Chirila, Ancuta Lupu, Antonio Andrusca, Constantin Ionescu, Viviana Cuzic and Simona Claudia Cambrea
Nutrients 2023, 15(16), 3647; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163647 - 20 Aug 2023
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2542
Abstract
The first 1000 days after birth represent a critical window for gut microbiome development, which is essential for immune system maturation and overall health. The gut microbiome undergoes major changes during this period due to shifts in diet and environment. Disruptions to the [...] Read more.
The first 1000 days after birth represent a critical window for gut microbiome development, which is essential for immune system maturation and overall health. The gut microbiome undergoes major changes during this period due to shifts in diet and environment. Disruptions to the microbiota early in life can have lasting health effects, including increased risks of inflammatory disorders, autoimmune diseases, neurological disorders, and obesity. Maternal and environmental factors during pregnancy and infancy shape the infant gut microbiota. In this article, we will review how maintaining a healthy gut microbiome in pregnancy and infancy is important for long-term infant health. Furthermore, we briefly include fungal colonization and its effects on the host immune function, which are discussed as part of gut microbiome ecosystem. Additionally, we will describe how potential approaches such as hydrogels enriched with prebiotics and probiotics, gut microbiota transplantation (GMT) during pregnancy, age-specific microbial ecosystem therapeutics, and CRISPR therapies targeting the gut microbiota hold potential for advancing research and development. Nevertheless, thorough evaluation of their safety, effectiveness, and lasting impacts is crucial prior to their application in clinical approach. The article emphasizes the need for continued research to optimize gut microbiota and immune system development through targeted early-life interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
15 pages, 354 KiB  
Review
Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Allergies in Children: A Literature Review
by Alexandru Cosmin Pantazi, Cristina Maria Mihai, Adriana Luminita Balasa, Tatiana Chisnoiu, Ancuta Lupu, Corina Elena Frecus, Larisia Mihai, Adina Ungureanu, Mustafa Ali Kassim Kassim, Antonio Andrusca, Maria Nicolae, Viviana Cuzic, Vasile Valeriu Lupu and Simona Claudia Cambrea
Nutrients 2023, 15(11), 2529; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112529 - 29 May 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4343
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is a diverse and complex microecosystem that lives and thrives within the human body. The microbiota stabilizes by the age of three. This microecosystem plays a crucial role in human health, particularly in the early years of life. Dysbiosis has [...] Read more.
The intestinal microbiota is a diverse and complex microecosystem that lives and thrives within the human body. The microbiota stabilizes by the age of three. This microecosystem plays a crucial role in human health, particularly in the early years of life. Dysbiosis has been linked to the development of various allergic diseases with potential long-term implications. Next-generation sequencing methods have established that allergic diseases are associated with dysbiosis. These methods can help to improve the knowledge of the relationship between dysbiosis and allergic diseases. The aim of this review paper is to synthesize the current understanding on the development of the intestinal microbiota in children, the long-term impact on health, and the relationship between dysbiosis and allergic diseases. Furthermore, we examine the connection between the microbiome and specific allergies such as atopic dermatitis, asthma, and food allergies, and which mechanisms could determine the induction of these diseases. Furthermore, we will review how factors such as mode of delivery, antibiotic use, breastfeeding, and the environment influence the development of the intestinal flora, as well as review various interventions for the prevention and treatment of gut microbiota-related allergies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Human Microbiota and Nutrition and Health: Proceedings from the 5th International Scientific Conference on Probiotics and Prebiotics)
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