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Sex Differences in Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 October 2023) | Viewed by 4446

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Minority Health Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: epidemiology and prevention of cardiovascular diseases; minority health disparities; diet; cardiovascular and nutritional risk factors

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Co-Guest Editor
Institute of Minority Health Research, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
Interests: epidemiology and prevention of cardiovascular diseases; minority health disparities; diet; cardiovascular and nutritional risk factors

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The burden of cardiometabolic diseases continues to increase globally among both men and women. Sex differences have been demonstrated in the prevalence of metabolic traits, risk factors, and diseases, including body fat distribution, glucose regulation, lipid metabolism, obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases. Dietary intake, an important modifiable risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases, has also been shown to differ between men and women.

This Special Issue aims to highlight new research on dietary/nutritional and other factors underlying sex differences in metabolism and cardiometabolic disorders, and to synthesize existing research in this area, in order to provide insights on gaps in the current knowledge, emerging research areas, and future directions.

We encourage scientists/investigators working in this area to submit original research articles, narratives, and systematic reviews that synthesize current literature and highlight gaps in the current knowledge and emerging research directions.

Prof. Dr. Martha L. Daviglus
Dr. Amber Pirzada
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sex and gender differences
  • dietary patterns
  • nutrient intake
  • cardiometabolic disorders
  • diabetes
  • obesity
  • insulin resistance
  • hormonal influences
  • racial/ethnic disparities

Published Papers (2 papers)

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15 pages, 3451 KiB  
Article
Adipose Tissue Protects against Hepatic Steatosis in Male Rats Fed a High-Fat Diet plus Liquid Fructose: Sex-Related Differences
by Roger Bentanachs, Laia Blanco, Maria Montesinos, Aleix Sala-Vila, Iolanda Lázaro, Jose Rodríguez-Morató, Rosa María Sánchez, Juan Carlos Laguna, Núria Roglans and Marta Alegret
Nutrients 2023, 15(18), 3909; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15183909 - 08 Sep 2023
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a sexual dimorphic disease, with adipose tissue playing an essential role. Our previous work showed that female rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet devoid of cholesterol (HFHFr) developed simple hepatic steatosis dissociated from obesity. This study assessed the [...] Read more.
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is a sexual dimorphic disease, with adipose tissue playing an essential role. Our previous work showed that female rats fed a high-fat high-fructose diet devoid of cholesterol (HFHFr) developed simple hepatic steatosis dissociated from obesity. This study assessed the impact of the HFHFr diet on the male rat metabolism compared with data obtained for female rats. A total of 16 Sprague Dawley (SD) male rats were fed either a control (standard rodent chow and water) or HFHFr (high-fat diet devoid of cholesterol, plus 10% fructose in drinking water) diet for 3 months. Unlike female rats, and despite similar increases in energy consumption, HFHFr males showed increased adiposity and hyperleptinemia. The expression of hormone-sensitive lipase in the subcutaneous white adipose tissue was enhanced, leading to high free fatty acid and glycerol serum levels. HFHFr males presented hypertriglyceridemia, but not hepatic steatosis, partially due to enhanced liver PPARα-related fatty acid β-oxidation and the VLDL-promoting effect of leptin. In conclusion, the SD rats showed a sex-related dimorphic response to the HFHFr diet. Contrary to previous results for HFHFr female rats, the male rats were able to expand the adipose tissue, increase fatty acid catabolism, or export it as VLDL, avoiding liver lipid deposition. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sex Differences in Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Diseases)
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17 pages, 2247 KiB  
Systematic Review
Sex and Gender Differences on the Impact of Metabolism-Disrupting Chemicals on Obesity: A Systematic Review
by Massimo D’Archivio, Lucia Coppola, Roberta Masella, Alessia Tammaro and Cinzia La Rocca
Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 181; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020181 - 05 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2966
Abstract
Obesity represents an important public health concern, being one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease with many underlying intertwined causes, including genetic, environmental and behavioral factors. Notably, metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) can alter the set point control of [...] Read more.
Obesity represents an important public health concern, being one of the leading causes of death worldwide. It is a multifactorial disease with many underlying intertwined causes, including genetic, environmental and behavioral factors. Notably, metabolism-disrupting chemicals (MDCs) can alter the set point control of metabolism, affecting the development and function of the adipose tissue. Epidemiological studies have reported associations between human exposure to MDCs and several altered metabolic endpoints. It is also noteworthy that sex and gender represent important risk factors in the development of obesity. Different sex-related biological and physiological characteristics influence individual susceptibility, whereas gender represents a critical component in determining the different exposure scenarios. Although some advancements in the treatment of obesity have been achieved in preclinical and clinical studies, the obesity pandemic continues to increase worldwide. The present study performed a systematic review of recent studies considering the effects of MDCs on obesity, with a specific focus on sex- and gender-related responses. This review highlighted that MDCs could differently affect men and women at different stages of life even though the number of studies evaluating the association between obesity and MDC exposure in relation to sex and gender is still limited. This evidence should urge researchers to carry out studies considering sex and gender differences. This is essential for developing sex-/gender-tailored prevention strategies to improve public health policies and reduce exposure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Sex Differences in Metabolism and Cardiometabolic Diseases)
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