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Medicina
Special Issues
Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications
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Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Dentistry".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2020) | Viewed by 43171

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Luca Fiorillo

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Guest Editor
1. Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, School of Dentistry University of Messina, 98100 Messina, Italy
2. Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Odontostomatological Specialties, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80121 Naples, Italy
Interests: oral health; public health; systemic disease; biomaterials; microbiomes; infection risk; oral surgery; rehabilitative medicine; environment disinfection
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Gabriele Cervino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina-Policlinico "Gaetano Martino”, Via Consolare Valeria, 98100 Messina, Italy
Interests: biomaterials; oral surgery; implantology; oral pathology; prosthodontics; bioengineering
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Rosa De Stefano

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, Psychiatric Unit Policlinico Hospital, University of Messina, 98124 Messina, Italy
Interests: oral health; psychology; public health; socioeconomic behaviors; health promotion; health-related behaviour, quality of life
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Oral health is at the heart of organisms’ systemic health. Nowadays, there is an increasing tendency to give importance to oral alterations, oral pathologies, and all the systemic implications that these may entail. Often, the psychological health of a dental patient is underestimated, as well as the behavior relating to oral conditions that derives from it. Quality of life improves with improved oral health according to some epidemiological tests, such as oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL). Oral health and oral aesthetics are part of the aesthetics of a patient's face and a patient’s relationship with others. Another important aspect to consider is that of the costs related to oral treatments, therapies, and rehabilitations—costs that often make these types of treatments prohibitive, especially in some countries. The purpose of this Special Issue is to gather research on economic implications on oral health, such as the differences that exist between countries or patients of varying socio-economic statuses with respect to oral health conditions; the psychological and behavioral implications of patients depending on their oral health and aesthetic conditions; and the results that some treatments may have on the aforementioned issues and which types of rehabilitation should be considered or selected

Dr. Luca Fiorillo
Dr. Gabriele Cervino
Dr. Rosa De Stefano
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • oral health
  • oral health-related quality of life
  • socio-economic conditions
  • behavioral science
  • psychological instruments
  • psychologic condition
  • drug abuse
  • lifestyle
  • epidemiology
  • interdisciplinary medicine
  • multidisciplinary medicine
  • oral rehabilitation
  • dental patients
  • medicine costs
  • aesthetics
  • digital dentistry
  • orthodontic treatments
  • oral surgery
  • prosthodontics
  • dental costs
  • dental materials
  • pediatric dentistry
  • developing countries

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

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3 pages, 248 KiB  
Editorial
COVID-19 Pandemic and Telephone Triage before Attending Medical Office: Problem or Opportunity?
by Gabriele Cervino and Giacomo Oteri
Medicina 2020, 56(5), 250; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56050250 - 20 May 2020
Cited by 59 | Viewed by 4593
Abstract
During the COVID-19 emergency, the medical operating protocols have been largely modified for reducing any type of contamination risk, for working in a safe way and for making the patient feel in a safe environment. Telemedicine, smart phones and apps could represent important [...] Read more.
During the COVID-19 emergency, the medical operating protocols have been largely modified for reducing any type of contamination risk, for working in a safe way and for making the patient feel in a safe environment. Telemedicine, smart phones and apps could represent important devices for the community, in order to prevent virus trasmission and to perform quick diagnosis and management at medical offices. This manuscript could be useful for clinicians with regard to the current state of the effectiveness of the telephone triage in this COVID-19 epidemic period. Therefore, it could be an important starting point for future perspectives about telemedicine and virtual patient management. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
3 pages, 242 KiB  
Editorial
Conscious Sedation in Dentistry
by Luca Fiorillo
Medicina 2019, 55(12), 778; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55120778 - 07 Dec 2019
Cited by 17 | Viewed by 5545
Abstract
Invasive dental procedures can be performed only with local anesthesia; in some cases, it may be useful to combine the administration of drugs to obtain anxiolysis with local anesthesia. Sedation required level should be individually adjusted to achieve a proper balance between the [...] Read more.
Invasive dental procedures can be performed only with local anesthesia; in some cases, it may be useful to combine the administration of drugs to obtain anxiolysis with local anesthesia. Sedation required level should be individually adjusted to achieve a proper balance between the needs of the patient, the operator, and the safety of the procedure. Surgical time is an important factor for post-operative phases, and this could be greatly increased by whether the patient interrupts the surgeon or if it is not collaborative. In this manuscript some dentistry-used methods to practice conscious sedation have been evaluated. This manuscript could be a useful reading on the current state of conscious sedation in dentistry and an important starting point for future perspectives. Surely the search for safer drugs for our patients could have beneficial effects for them and for the clinicians. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
4 pages, 252 KiB  
Editorial
Psychological Factors in Dental Patient Care: Odontophobia
by Rosa De Stefano
Medicina 2019, 55(10), 678; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55100678 - 08 Oct 2019
Cited by 48 | Viewed by 7823
Abstract
Dentistry and oral health are at the heart of the systemic health of humans. Often this branch of medicine is underestimated either due to socioeconomic reasons or due to fear. In fact, in dentistry, there is often a widespread condition of odontophobia among [...] Read more.
Dentistry and oral health are at the heart of the systemic health of humans. Often this branch of medicine is underestimated either due to socioeconomic reasons or due to fear. In fact, in dentistry, there is often a widespread condition of odontophobia among patients. A clinician’s knowledge of this condition, and an accompanying understanding of how to successfully manage it, is surely one of the first steps to gaining a patient’s trust and maintaining his or her patronage. Being able to manage a dental phobic patient in the best way is the key to successful therapy. Psychological techniques often have to work alongside dentistry in managing these patients. A future perspective concerns precisely the implementation of non-invasive practices such as hypnosis in the management of the latter. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
4 pages, 1199 KiB  
Editorial
Oral Health: The First Step to Well-Being
by Luca Fiorillo
Medicina 2019, 55(10), 676; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55100676 - 07 Oct 2019
Cited by 97 | Viewed by 12620
Abstract
Scientific research in the medical field shows this constantly: health starts from the mouth. Having good oral health nowadays is not only aimed at tooth health, but as amply demonstrated in the literature, it is a starting point for the general health and [...] Read more.
Scientific research in the medical field shows this constantly: health starts from the mouth. Having good oral health nowadays is not only aimed at tooth health, but as amply demonstrated in the literature, it is a starting point for the general health and well-being of our body. Retracing the latest scientific findings that demonstrate an interpolation between oral health, oral diseases, and systemic complications, literature support was brought to this manuscript. Oral health, as demonstrated, has potentially multi-organ systemic implications, and as the results of the recent literature demonstrate, these implications range from an insulin resistance, due to a periodontal disease, up to far more complex multi-organ systemic complications involving the cardiovascular system or even neurodegenerative pathology. Therefore, being able to improve oral health could have great systemic implications for the organism, for the prevention of pathologies, and therefore for society and for the quality of life in individuals. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
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Research

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8 pages, 2249 KiB  
Article
Relationship between Maximum Tongue Pressure Value and Age, Occlusal Status, or Body Mass Index among the Community-Dwelling Elderly
by Hiroki Suzuki, Yasunori Ayukawa, Yoko Ueno, Ikiru Atsuta, Akio Jinnouchi and Kiyoshi Koyano
Medicina 2020, 56(11), 623; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56110623 - 19 Nov 2020
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4405
Abstract
Background and objectives: In an aging society, the maintenance of the oral function of the elderly is of importance for the delay or prevention of frailty and long-term care. In the present study, we focused on the maximum tongue pressure (MTP) value and [...] Read more.
Background and objectives: In an aging society, the maintenance of the oral function of the elderly is of importance for the delay or prevention of frailty and long-term care. In the present study, we focused on the maximum tongue pressure (MTP) value and analyzed the relationship between MTP and age, occlusal status, or body mass index (BMI). Materials and Methods: This one-center observatory study was conducted using a cohort consisting of 205 community-dwelling outpatients over 65 years old. The MTP values of all subjects were measured using a commercially available tongue pressure measurement device and statistically analyzed. In addition, the correlation between MTP value and BMI was analyzed. Results: The MTP value decreased with age, especially in subjects classified as Eichner B and C. The difference in occlusal status did not show any statistically significant influence on MTP value. The correlation between BMI and MTP value was indicated in the tested groups other than an age of 65–74 and Eichner A groups. Conclusions: Although MTP value decreased with age, the difference in occlusal status did not have an impact on MTP value. The correlation between BMI and MTP value was not shown in the youngest group or a group with sufficient occlusal units. The results presented in the present study may imply that, even if MTP is low, younger age and/or better occlusal status compensate for the inferior MTP value in the cohort studied. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
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9 pages, 913 KiB  
Article
Influence of Different Repair Acrylic Resin and Thermocycling on the Flexural Strength of Denture Base Resin
by Mohammed AlQahtani and Satheesh B. Haralur
Medicina 2020, 56(2), 50; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina56020050 - 21 Jan 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 3843
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Fractured acrylic denture base is a common occurrence in clinical practice. The effective denture repair procedure is cost-effective, time conserving, and results in lesser time without denture for the patient. Along with various reinforcements and surface modifications; different acrylic resins [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Fractured acrylic denture base is a common occurrence in clinical practice. The effective denture repair procedure is cost-effective, time conserving, and results in lesser time without denture for the patient. Along with various reinforcements and surface modifications; different acrylic resins are investigated in improving the flexural strength of the fractured site. The aim of this study was to evaluate the flexural strength of a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base repaired with heat-polymerized (HPA), auto-polymerized (APA) and light-polymerized acrylic (LPA) resins after thermocycling. Materials and Methods: Forty rectangular shaped (50 mm × 25 mm × 3 mm) PMMA specimens were fabricated. Group 1 specimens (n = 10) were kept as controls and the remaining 30 samples were sectioned at the center with a repair site dimension of 3 mm. The samples from three groups (n = 10) were repaired with HPA, APA, and LPA resins, respectively. The specimens were thermocycled for 5000 cycles and subjected to a three-point flexural test. The maximum load required to fracture the specimens was recorded, and further analyzed with ANOVA and the Games-Howell Post hoc test at the significance level p = 0.05. Results: The average maximum load and flexural strength of the control group was 173.60 N and 13.02 Mpa and corresponding values for denture repaired with HPA was 87.36 N and 6.55 Mpa. The corresponding values for APA resin and LPA resins were 62.94 N, 57.51 N, and 4.72 Mpa, 4.06 Mpa, respectively. Conclusions: The PMMA specimens repaired with HPA resins resulted in a significantly higher load to fracture compared to APA resin and LPA resin. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
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8 pages, 287 KiB  
Article
Effect of Hydrothermal Aging and Beverages on Color Stability of Lithium Disilicate and Zirconia Based Ceramics
by Satheesh B. Haralur, Noura Raqe S. Alqahtani and Fatimah Alhassan Mujayri
Medicina 2019, 55(11), 749; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina55110749 - 19 Nov 2019
Cited by 25 | Viewed by 3294
Abstract
Background and Objectives: All-ceramic prosthesis is widely used in modern dental practice because of its improved physico-mechanical and optical properties. These restorations are exposed to coloring agents from various nutrition and beverages in the oral cavity. Long-term color stability is critical for [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: All-ceramic prosthesis is widely used in modern dental practice because of its improved physico-mechanical and optical properties. These restorations are exposed to coloring agents from various nutrition and beverages in the oral cavity. Long-term color stability is critical for the success of these restorative materials. The purpose of this in vitro study was to assess the effect of common beverages and mouthwash on the color stability of lithium disilicate (LD), monolithic zirconia (MZ) and bilayer zirconia (BZ) surfaces. Materials and Method: Thirty disc-shaped specimens from each material were fabricated; each group was subdivided (n = 10) according to coffee, green tea and chlorhexidine immersion solutions. The baseline color of ceramic discs was recorded according to the CIE L*a*b* system with a portable spectrophotometer. The second measurement was recorded after 3000 thermocycling and immersion in coloring agents for 7 days. The mean color difference was calculated and data were compared with Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests (0.05). Results: ΔE values for LD with the immersion of coffee, tea, and Chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) were 1.78, 2.241 and 1.58, respectively. Corresponding ΔE values for MZ were 5.60, 5.19, and 4.86; marginally higher than the clinically acceptable level of 3.5. Meanwhile, BZ showed better color stability compared to MZ with ΔE values of 4.22, 2.11 and 1.43. Conclusions: Among the ceramics evaluated, LD ceramic was found to be more color stable, while MZ ceramics displayed a higher susceptibility to discoloration. MZ and BZ ceramic colors were significantly altered with coffee immersion, while LD ceramics were more affected by green tea. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oral Health: Economic and Psychological–Behavioral Implications)
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