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Foods
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Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety
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Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety

A special issue of Foods (ISSN 2304-8158). This special issue belongs to the section "Food Analytical Methods".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 August 2022) | Viewed by 16313

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Jian Ji

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. School of Food Science, State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, National Engineering Research Center for Functional Foods, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
2. Synergetic Innovation Center for Food Safety and Nutrition, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
Interests: food safety and metabolic toxicology; mass spectrometry metabolomics; mycotoxin combined toxicity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lin Shi

E-Mail Website
Co-Guest Editor
School of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
Interests: metabolomics; metagenomics; food and nutrition science; R programming
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

In recent years, the monitoring of food safety and quality has become part of the food safety awareness of consumers around the world. Therefore, determining food components (polysaccharide, polyphenol, saponin, and functional small molecules, etc.) and hazard factors (toxins, pesticides, illegal additives, heavy metals, etc.), and understanding the metabolism of food spoilage microorganisms are key to ensuring food safety. Due to recent advances in instrument technology and the availability of many metabolite databases, allowing the detection and identification of more than 1000 metabolites in food, metabolomics has been successfully applied to food science. Metabolomics is an innovative frontier in food safety and quality research, providing insights on how this method can help determine the microbial and chemical hazards present in different foods.

In this Special Issue of Foods, we encourage the submission of manuscripts focused on all aspects of metabolomics-based food safety research: the molecular and biochemical mechanisms of chemoprevention and toxicity of bioactive food components (e.g., polysaccharide, polyphenol, saponin, and functional small molecules); assessing the effects of acute, subacute, or chronic exposure to food safety risk factors like toxins, pesticides, illegal additives, heavy metals, etc.; identifying the authenticity of agricultural products, whether the ingredients are adulterated, and tracing the origin; evaluating the impact of food processing technology and processing methods on food quality; analysis of the formation and transformation laws of hazard factors in food processing; evaluating the safety of the development of new food raw materials (e.g., allergy, genotoxicity); analysis of food components, and the relationship between flavor formation and microorganisms; and identifying biomarkers related to food spoilage caused by food pathogens, which may lead to the development of early detection technologies and the control of pathogenic microorganisms.

Our aim is to gather all the new information in this field and include it in a Special Issue on “Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety”. We invite researchers to contribute original and unpublished research and review articles on this topic.

Dr. Jian Ji
Dr. Lin Shi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Foods is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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15 pages, 8201 KiB  
Article
Impact of Matrix Species and Mass Spectrometry on Matrix Effects in Multi-Residue Pesticide Analysis Based on QuEChERS-LC-MS
by Shuang Zhang, Zhiyong He, Maomao Zeng and Jie Chen
Foods 2023, 12(6), 1226; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12061226 - 13 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1827
Abstract
With the popularity of multi-residue pesticide analysis based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) cleanup and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), matching optimal matrix-matched calibration protocols and LC-MS conditions to reduce matrix effects (MEs) has become a crucial task for analysts [...] Read more.
With the popularity of multi-residue pesticide analysis based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) cleanup and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS), matching optimal matrix-matched calibration protocols and LC-MS conditions to reduce matrix effects (MEs) has become a crucial task for analysts in their routines. However, dozens to hundreds of pesticide analytes in a single run generate increasingly multi-dimensional ME data, requiring appropriate tools to handle these data sets. Therefore, we established an ME analysis strategy by drawing on analytical thinking and tools from metabolomics analysis. Using this, matrix species-induced and mass spectrometry-induced systematic ME variations were distinguished, and pesticides contributed to the variations were scanned out. A simultaneous weakening of MEs on 24 pesticides in 32 different matrices was achieved using the time-of-flight-mass spectrometry (TOF-MS) scan under the information-dependent acquisition (IDA) mode of high-resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS), compared to multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) scanning by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Bay leaf, ginger, rosemary, Amomum tsao-ko, Sichuan pepper, cilantro, Houttuynia cordata, and garlic sprout showed enhanced signal suppression in the MRM scan for 105 differential MRM transitions for 42 pesticides and in IDA mode for 33 pesticides, respectively. This study revealed the interference of matrix species and mass spectrometry on MEs and provided a novel strategy for ME analysis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety)
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14 pages, 2566 KiB  
Article
Efficient Biodegradation of Patulin by Aspergillus niger FS10 and Metabolic Response of Degrading Strain
by Yang Yang, Jian Ji, Shang Wu, Yongli Ye, Lina Sheng, Yinzhi Zhang and Xiulan Sun
Foods 2023, 12(2), 382; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12020382 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1568
Abstract
Patulin, a mycotoxin commonly found in fruits and derived products, causes serious health problems for humans and animals worldwide. Several microbial strains have been observed to possess the ability to effectively remove patulin. However, these methods are presently associated with disadvantages such as [...] Read more.
Patulin, a mycotoxin commonly found in fruits and derived products, causes serious health problems for humans and animals worldwide. Several microbial strains have been observed to possess the ability to effectively remove patulin. However, these methods are presently associated with disadvantages such as low degradation efficiency and an unclear biodegradation mechanism. In the current study, the characteristics of patulin degradation via Aspergillus niger FS10 were evaluated, and the mechanisms involved were analyzed using metabolomics technologies. The results showed that the suspension of A. niger FS10 could degrade 94.72% of patulin within 36 h. The moment concentration pf patulin was 0.116 μg/mL, and the detection limit value was 0.01 μg/mL. In addition, the patulin content was reduced to levels below the detection limit within 48 h. A. niger FS10 mainly degrades patulin by producing intracellular enzymes, which can convert patulin into ascladiol. This degradation method can effectively reduce the damage caused by patulin to HepG2 cells. In addition, the patulin treatment significantly affects the pentose phosphate pathway and the glutathione pathway. These two metabolic pathways are speculated to be closely related to patulin degradation via A. niger FS10. The incubation of A. niger FS10 with patulin-contaminated apple pomace can not only eliminate patulin but also increase the utilization of apple pomace. Therefore, our research results provide a new method for addressing patulin contamination in the food and feed industries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety)
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16 pages, 5485 KiB  
Article
Metabolic Regulation Effect and Potential Metabolic Biomarkers of Pre-Treated Delphinidin on Oxidative Damage Induced by Paraquat in A549 Cells
by Yongli Ye, Jian Ji, Yaoguang Huang, Yinzhi Zhang and Xiulan Sun
Foods 2022, 11(22), 3575; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11223575 - 10 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1186
Abstract
Delphinidin (Del) is an anthocyanin component with high in vitro antioxidant capacity. In this study, based on the screening of a cell model, gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) was used to evaluate the effect of Del pre-protection on the metabolite levels [...] Read more.
Delphinidin (Del) is an anthocyanin component with high in vitro antioxidant capacity. In this study, based on the screening of a cell model, gas chromatography-time of flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF/MS) was used to evaluate the effect of Del pre-protection on the metabolite levels of intracellular oxidative stress induced by paraquat (PQ). According to the cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses of four lung cell lines to PQ induction, A549 cell was selected and treated with 100 μM PQ for 12 h to develop a cellular oxidative stress model. Compared with the PQ-induced group, the principal components of the Del pretreatment group had significant differences, but not significant with the control group, indicating that the antioxidant activity of Del can be correlated to the maintenance of metabolite levels. Del preconditioning protects lipid-related metabolic pathways from the disturbance induced by PQ. In addition, the levels of amino acid- and energy-related metabolites were significantly recovered. Del may also exert an antioxidant effect by regulating glucose metabolism. The optimal combinations of biomarkers in the PQ-treatment group and Del-pretreatment group were alanine-valine-urea and alanine-galactose-glucose. Cell metabolome data provided characteristic fingerprints associated with the antioxidant activity of Del. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety)
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13 pages, 2154 KiB  
Article
Lycopene-Loaded Bilosomes Ameliorate High-Fat Diet-Induced Chronic Nephritis in Mice through the TLR4/MyD88 Inflammatory Pathway
by Chang Liu, Yu Liu, Ciwan Wang, Yahui Guo, Yuliang Cheng, He Qian and Yong Zhao
Foods 2022, 11(19), 3042; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11193042 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1529
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease caused by a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome has received widespread attention. Lycopene has a wide range of biological activities and can improve a variety of chronic diseases through anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, HFD-fed mice were used as a [...] Read more.
Chronic kidney disease caused by a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced metabolic syndrome has received widespread attention. Lycopene has a wide range of biological activities and can improve a variety of chronic diseases through anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, HFD-fed mice were used as a metabolic syndrome model to evaluate the protective effect of lycopene in a sustained-release vehicle (bilosomes) in the small intestine against renal injury and to determine whether the TLR4/MyD88 pathway and related metabolic pathways are involved in this process. The results showed that lycopene bilosomes alleviated HFD-induced kidney damage, as evidenced by lower serum urea nitrogen, creatinine, and uric acid levels. Histopathology studies showed that lycopene bilosomes attenuated HFD-induced tubular cell and glomerular injury. In addition, Elisa, RT-PCR, and Western blotting results showed that lycopene bilosomes also reduced the expression of inflammatory factors such as TLR4, MyD88, NF-kB, TNF-a, and IL-6 in mouse kidneys. The mechanism was to attenuate renal inflammatory response by inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 inflammatory pathway. These findings suggested that lycopene can alleviate nephritis and metabolic disorders caused by HFD, inhibiting the TLR4/MyD88 inflammatory pathway and its downstream pro-inflammatory cytokines and further regulating the vitamin K metabolism, beta-alanine metabolism, and glutathione metabolism pathways to relieve chronic nephritis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety)
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20 pages, 3214 KiB  
Article
Metabolomics Based on 1H-NMR Reveal the Regulatory Mechanisms of Dietary Methionine Restriction on Splenic Metabolic Dysfunction in Obese Mice
by Yuhui Yang, Jing Qian, Bowen Li, Manman Lu, Guowei Le and Yanli Xie
Foods 2021, 10(10), 2439; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods10102439 - 14 Oct 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2355
Abstract
Methionine restriction (MR) has been reported to have many beneficial health effects, including stress resistance enhancement and lifespan extension. However, the effects of MR on the splenic metabolic dysfunction induced by obesity in mice remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the scientific [...] Read more.
Methionine restriction (MR) has been reported to have many beneficial health effects, including stress resistance enhancement and lifespan extension. However, the effects of MR on the splenic metabolic dysfunction induced by obesity in mice remain unknown. This study aimed to investigate the scientific problem and clarify its possible mechanisms. C57BL/6J mice in the control group were fed a control diet (0.86% methionine, 4.2% fat) for 34 weeks, and others were fed a high-fat diet (0.86% methionine, 24% fat) for 10 weeks to establish diet-induced obese (DIO) mouse models. Then, the obtained DIO mice were randomly divided into two groups: the DIO group (DIO diet), the DIO + MR group (0.17% methionine, 24% fat) for 24 weeks. Our results indicated that MR decreased spleen weight, and spleen and plasma lipid profiles, promoted lipid catabolism and fatty acid oxidation, glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolism, and improved mitochondrial function and ATP generation in the spleen. Moreover, MR normalized the splenic redox state and inflammation-related metabolite levels, and increased plasma levels of immunoglobulins. Furthermore, MR increased percent lean mass and splenic crude protein levels, activated the autophagy pathway and elevated nucleotide synthesis to maintain protein synthesis in the spleen. These findings indicate that MR can ameliorate metabolic dysfunction by reducing lipid accumulation, oxidative stress, and inflammation in the spleen, and the mechanism may be the activation of autophagy pathway. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety)
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Review

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20 pages, 1872 KiB  
Review
Microalgae: Bioactive Composition, Health Benefits, Safety and Prospects as Potential High-Value Ingredients for the Functional Food Industry
by Josephine Ampofo and Lord Abbey
Foods 2022, 11(12), 1744; https://doi.org/10.3390/foods11121744 - 14 Jun 2022
Cited by 33 | Viewed by 6820
Abstract
Global population is estimated to reach about 9.22 billion by 2075. The increasing knowledge on the relationship between food biochemistry and positive health gives an indication of the urgency to exploit food resources that are not only sustainable but also impact human health [...] Read more.
Global population is estimated to reach about 9.22 billion by 2075. The increasing knowledge on the relationship between food biochemistry and positive health gives an indication of the urgency to exploit food resources that are not only sustainable but also impact human health beyond basic nutrition. A typical example of such novel food is microalgae, an aquatic microorganism with a plethora of diverse bioactive compounds including phenolics, carotenoids, vitamin B12 and peptides. Microalgal bioactive compounds have been shown to possess positive health effects such as antihypertensive, anti-obesity, antioxidative, anticancer and cardiovascular protection. Although, the utilization of microalgal biomass by the functional food industry has faced lots of challenges because of species diversity and variations in biomass and cultivation factors. Other documented challenges were ascribed to changes in functional structures during extraction and purification due to inefficient bio-processing techniques, inconclusive literature information on the bioavailability and safety of the microalgal bioactive compounds and the fishy odor and taste when applied in food formulations. In spite of these challenges, great opportunities exist to exploit their utilization for the development of functional foods. Microalgae are a renewable resource and have fast growth rate. Therefore, detailed research is needed to bridge these challenges to pave way for large-scale commercialization of microalgal-based healthy foods. The focus of this review is to discuss the potential of microalgae as natural ingredients for functional food development, factors limiting their acceptance and utilization in the food industry as well as their safety concerns with respect to human consumption. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Metabolomics Analysis for Food Authenticity and Safety)
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