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Nutrients
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Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour...
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Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 September 2024 | Viewed by 11087

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Ugo Faraguna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
2. Department of Developmental Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, 56128 Pisa, Italy
Interests: sleep; neurophysiology; electrophysiology; actigraphy
Dr. Andrea Bazzani

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Management, Scuola Superiore Sant'Anna, 56127 Pisa, Italy
Interests: decision neuroscience; consumer neuroscience; neurophysiology; chronobiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Eating behaviour is a crucial target of intervention to improve global health. We spend a large amount of our time planning, preparing and eating meals. If we add this to the time we dedicate to sleep, we intuitively notice how relevant sleeping and eating are in our daily life. Moreover, despite the fact that sleeping and eating are mutually exclusive, they influence each other. As part of a circadian rhythmicity, the sleep–wake cycle, circadian preferences and eating behaviours are intimately connected. An example of this interaction is the emerging field of chrononutrition. Researchers and healthcare professionals are increasingly aware of the need to assess sleep parameters when studying eating behaviours.

This Special Issue welcomes research proposing valid methodological approaches to explore the interplay between sleep parameters, with specific attention being paid to sleep quality and eating behaviour. Furthermore, research regarding chrononutrition will be considered.

Dr. Ugo Faraguna
Dr. Andrea Bazzani
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • sleep quality
  • eating behaviour
  • chrononutrition

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 328 KiB  
Article
Association between Beverage Consumption and Sleep Quality in Adolescents
by Lydi-Anne Vézina-Im, Dominique Beaulieu, Stéphane Turcotte, Anne-Frédérique Turcotte, Joannie Delisle-Martel, Valérie Labbé, Lily Lessard and Mariane Gingras
Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 285; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020285 - 18 Jan 2024
Viewed by 1141
Abstract
The objective of this study was to verify if the consumption of different beverages (such as water, 100% pure fruit juice, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)) is associated with adolescents’ sleep quality. French-speaking adolescents were recruited in person and online throughout the province of [...] Read more.
The objective of this study was to verify if the consumption of different beverages (such as water, 100% pure fruit juice, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs)) is associated with adolescents’ sleep quality. French-speaking adolescents were recruited in person and online throughout the province of Québec (Canada) from the end of March to early July 2023. Beverage consumption and sleep quality were measured using French versions of validated questionnaires specifically designed for adolescents. A total of 218 adolescents (14–17 years; 55.5% female) completed the online survey. Among caffeinated SSBs, energy drink (rs = −0.16; p = 0.0197) and sugar-sweetened coffee (rs = −0.33; p < 0.0001) intake was correlated with adolescents’ sleep quality. Energy drink consumption (β = −0.0048; p = 0.0005) and being male (β = 0.6033; p < 0.0001) were associated with adolescents’ sleep quality. There was an interaction between sugar-sweetened coffee intake and biological sex that was associated with adolescents’ sleep quality (p = 0.0053). Sugar-sweetened coffee consumption was correlated with adolescent girls’ abilities to go to bed (rs = −0.21; p = 0.0203) and fall asleep (rs = −0.28; p = 0.0020), while in boys, it was only significantly correlated with their abilities to go to bed (rs = −0.27; p = 0.0069). Public health interventions aimed at adolescent boys should primarily target lowering energy drink consumption, while those aimed at girls should prioritize sugar-sweetened coffee intake to possibly improve their sleep quality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality)
18 pages, 699 KiB  
Article
Impact of Medical School on the Relationship between Nutritional Knowledge and Sleep Quality—A Longitudinal Study of Students at Wroclaw Medical University in Poland
by Aureliusz Andrzej Kosendiak, Bartosz Bogusz Adamczak, Zofia Kuźnik and Szymon Makles
Nutrients 2024, 16(2), 278; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16020278 - 17 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1083
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the first year of medical school on the relationship between nutritional knowledge and sleep. To achieve this, first-year medical students at Wroclaw Medical University were invited to participate in the study during [...] Read more.
The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of the first year of medical school on the relationship between nutritional knowledge and sleep. To achieve this, first-year medical students at Wroclaw Medical University were invited to participate in the study during both the initial and final months of their first academic year. The study included 570 students in the initial period and 705 in the latter. The research questionnaire comprised the KomPAN, assessing nutritional knowledge, and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), evaluating sleep quality. The majority of students demonstrated at least sufficient nutritional knowledge, while approximately two-thirds of students experienced poor sleep in both periods. Notably, sleep quality further deteriorated in the second period (PSQI total score: 6.86 vs. 7.38, p = 0.0157). This change was influenced mainly by a decrease in sleep duration and an increase in the use of sleep medications (both p < 0.0001). The significant difference in overall sleep quality between different nutritional knowledge levels emerged only in the second semester, where students with the highest nutritional knowledge slept the best, while those with the lowest slept the worst (p = 0.0001). Crucially, in both periods, the use of sleep medications was highest among individuals with insufficient nutritional knowledge. Throughout the academic year, the usage increased for all except those with the highest nutritional knowledge, who exhibited the best sleep (p < 0.0001). The escalating use of sleep medications among medical students warrants greater attention, and leveraging the relationship between nutritional knowledge and sleep could prove beneficial, as positive habits in one domain may positively influence the other. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality)
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13 pages, 680 KiB  
Article
The Relationship between Knowledge, Dietary Supplementation, and Sleep Quality in Young Adults after the COVID-19 Pandemic
by Maciej Pokarowski, Michal Kedra, Justyna Piwinska, Katarzyna Kurek, Karolina Szczygiel, Piotr Denysiuk and Joanna Popiolek-Kalisz
Nutrients 2023, 15(15), 3354; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15153354 - 28 Jul 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1301
Abstract
Introduction: Sleep is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of life. More than 50% of Polish adults have sleeping disorders, and young adults are the ones particularly vulnerable to this. This is why the analysis of the predictors of sleep [...] Read more.
Introduction: Sleep is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of life. More than 50% of Polish adults have sleeping disorders, and young adults are the ones particularly vulnerable to this. This is why the analysis of the predictors of sleep quality, such as sleep hygiene knowledge and dietary knowledge, in young adults is a very important topic, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have affected sleeping habits. Material and Methods: 402 young adults (mean age 28.12 ± 6.08 years old) were enrolled in the study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, while dietary knowledge and sleep hygiene knowledge were assessed with dedicated questionnaires. The participants were also asked about the use of specific dietary supplements. Results: The analysis showed that sleep hygiene knowledge was significantly associated with sleep length (R = −0.17, p = 0.003) and overall sleep quality (R = −0.17, p = 0.005), while dietary knowledge significantly correlated with time to fall asleep (R = −0.12, p = 0.026). The regression analysis revealed that sleep hygiene knowledge was a significant negative predictor of sleep quality impairment (β = −0.13, p = 0.028). Significant results were also obtained for the use of supplements (β = −0.20; p = 0.001) and the use of medications (β = −0.32, p = 0.001), which were negative predictors of sleep quality impairment. Conclusions: This study showed that increased sleep hygiene knowledge promoted improved sleep length and overall sleep quality. In addition, dietary knowledge significantly correlated with time to fall asleep. On the other hand, decreased sleep quality was observed in participants who used medications or dietary supplements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality)
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Review

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13 pages, 930 KiB  
Review
Rethinking the Role of Orexin in the Regulation of REM Sleep and Appetite
by Maria P. Mogavero, Justyna Godos, Giuseppe Grosso, Filippo Caraci and Raffaele Ferri
Nutrients 2023, 15(17), 3679; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15173679 - 22 Aug 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3375
Abstract
Orexin plays a significant role in the modulation of REM sleep, as well as in the regulation of appetite and feeding. This review explores, first, the current evidence on the role of orexin in the modulation of sleep and wakefulness and highlights that [...] Read more.
Orexin plays a significant role in the modulation of REM sleep, as well as in the regulation of appetite and feeding. This review explores, first, the current evidence on the role of orexin in the modulation of sleep and wakefulness and highlights that orexin should be considered essentially as a neurotransmitter inhibiting REM sleep and, to a much lesser extent, a wake promoting agent. Subsequently, the relationship between orexin, REM sleep, and appetite regulation is examined in detail, shedding light on their interconnected nature in both physiological conditions and diseases (such as narcolepsy, sleep-related eating disorder, idiopathic hypersomnia, and night eating syndrome). Understanding the intricate relationship between orexin, REM sleep, and appetite regulation is vital for unraveling the complex mechanisms underlying sleep-wake patterns and metabolic control. Further research in this field is encouraged in order to pave the way for novel therapeutic approaches to sleep disorders and metabolic conditions associated with orexin dysregulation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality)
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32 pages, 1167 KiB  
Review
The Longitudinal Interplay between Sleep, Anthropometric Indices, Eating Behaviors, and Nutritional Aspects: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
by Martina Grimaldi, Valeria Bacaro, Vincenzo Natale, Lorenzo Tonetti and Elisabetta Crocetti
Nutrients 2023, 15(14), 3179; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143179 - 18 Jul 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2103
Abstract
Sleep is fundamental for adolescents’ healthy development but undergoes dramatic changes in quantity and quality due to the conflict between biological and social rhythms. Insufficient sleep has been associated with worse physical health status and irregular eating behaviors in adolescents. This review aims [...] Read more.
Sleep is fundamental for adolescents’ healthy development but undergoes dramatic changes in quantity and quality due to the conflict between biological and social rhythms. Insufficient sleep has been associated with worse physical health status and irregular eating behaviors in adolescents. This review aims to systematically synthesize the longitudinal associations between adolescents’ sleep dimensions (i.e., duration, timing, quality, and insomnia symptoms) and physical health indicators (i.e., anthropometric indices, fat percentage, and risk of obesity), eating behaviors, and nutritional aspects (i.e., type of diet related to the intake of specific foods and nutrients, amount and timing of food consumption, energy expenditure). A total of 28 longitudinal studies were included. The meta-analytic results showed that longer sleep duration, better sleep quality, and lower insomnia symptoms were associated with lower BMI and fat percentage and that shorter sleep duration (<7 h) and lower sleep quality were associated with a higher risk of obesity. Conversely, anthropometric indices were not related to sleep over time. Limited literature examined the bidirectional association between adolescents’ sleep and their eating behaviors and nutritional aspects. Such knowledge sheds new light on the role of sleep for adolescents’ health, highlighting the need to examine further the interplay between these variables. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality)
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Other

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12 pages, 923 KiB  
Protocol
The Effects of Different Modalities of an Acute Energy Deficit on Sleep and Next Morning Appetitive and Compensatory Behavior in Healthy Young Adults: The EDIES Protocol
by Oussama Saidi, Cyril Chatain, Giovanna C. Del Sordo, Rémi Demaria, Ludivine Lequin, Emmanuelle Rochette, Julie Larribaut, Mathieu Gruet and Pascale Duché
Nutrients 2023, 15(8), 1962; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15081962 - 19 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1261
Abstract
Sleep is bi-directionally linked to energy balance. This crossover study design will evaluate the acute effect of a moderate energy deficit (500 kcal) induced by diet, exercise, or mixed (−250 kcal by diet and 250 kcal by exercise) on sleep and the next [...] Read more.
Sleep is bi-directionally linked to energy balance. This crossover study design will evaluate the acute effect of a moderate energy deficit (500 kcal) induced by diet, exercise, or mixed (−250 kcal by diet and 250 kcal by exercise) on sleep and the next morning’s appetitive responses. The study sample comprises 24 healthy young adults. The experimental measurements will be conducted in a naturalistic, momentary manner and partly assessed by the participants. The participants will undergo a run-in period in order to stabilize their sleep schedules and provide them with training on the study protocol and measurements. Indirect calorimetry will be used to determine their resting metabolic rate and peak oxygen consumption (VO2 peak). Then, they will take part in a control session (CTL), followed by three energy deficit sessions in random order: a diet-induced energy deficit session (DED), an exercise-induced energy deficit session (EED), and a mixed energy deficit session (MED). All experimental sessions will be separated by a one-week washout. The participants’ sleep will be monitored by ambulatory polysomnography, and the next morning’s appetitive response will be evaluated via ad libitum food intake, appetite sensations, and food reward, measured by a food liking and wanting computerized test. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Eat Well, Sleep Well: Exploring the Association between Eating Behaviour and Sleep Quality)
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