The Relationship between Nutritional Supplementation during Pregnancy and Offspring Health

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 25 August 2024 | Viewed by 2053

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Nutrition and Mental Health (NUTRISAM) Research Group, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43204 Reus, Spain
Interests: pregnancy; iron; nutrition; epidemiology; maternal
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Nutrition and Mental Health Research Group (NUTRISAM), Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), 43201 Tarragona, Spain
Interests: nutrition; pregnancy; cardiovascular risk; obesity; metabolic syndrome; kidney function

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are all aware that an adequate supply of micronutrients is crucial, especially during pregnancy, for optimizing maternal health and fetal development, ultimately impacting the long-term health of offspring. For this reason, essential nutrients such as iron, folic acid, vitamin B-12, calcium, choline, zinc, omega-3 fatty acids, and other essential vitamins and minerals are commonly recommended during pregnancy to meet the increased nutritional demands, benefiting both mothers and their babies. In this context, exposure to maternal micronutrient insufficiency during in utero development may contribute to fetal programming, increasing the risk of neonatal complications such as fetal growth restriction, birth defects, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Moreover, it may lead to adverse long-term consequences for the infant, encompassing cognitive impairment, stunting, reduced immune function, childhood obesity, and other cardiometabolic disturbances. Accordingly, prenatal micronutrient supplementation is an emerging intervention that not only aims to provide the proper nutrition required during pregnancy but may mitigate adverse health outcomes in the child later in life, warranting further investigation. However, it is crucial to prescribe appropriate prenatal supplementation based on the mother's initial nutrient stores, avoiding prophylactic micronutrient supplementation, as excessive intake of certain nutrients (e.g., iron, which exhibits a U-shaped risk curve) may have adverse effects. Moreover, there are topics that are still open to much investigation and debate, such as the timing, duration, and optimal dosage required for supplementation, as well as the effects of single versus multiple micronutrient supplementation during pregnancy on the long-term health of offspring.

We are pleased to invite you and your colleagues to submit a feature paper (invited paper) for this Special Issue focusing on the relationship between nutritional supplementation during pregnancy and offspring health across the life course, including the fetal development period.

The specific objective of this Special Issue is to provide updated, evidence-based knowledge to further our understanding of this topic to refine guidelines for prenatal optimal micronutrient supplementation. We encourage authors to submit their original research, regardless of positive or negative results, as both are essential for advancing nutrition intervention development.

We welcome the submission of a range of study designs, including randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, observational studies, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses.

We look forward to receiving your contributions.

Dr. M. Victoria Arija Val
Dr. Andrés Díaz-López
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • pregnancy
  • prevention
  • prenatal supplementation
  • maternal nutrition
  • fetal development
  • offspring health
  • cognitive development
  • metabolic health

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 1694 KiB  
Article
Effect of Prenatal Iron Supplementation Adapted to Hemoglobin Levels in Early Pregnancy on Fetal and Neonatal Growth—ECLIPSES Study
by Sandra Díaz-Torres, Andrés Díaz-López and Victoria Arija
Nutrients 2024, 16(3), 437; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030437 - 01 Feb 2024
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Abstract
In this randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the effects of prenatal iron supplementation adapted to pregnant women’s initial hemoglobin (Hb) levels on fetal growth parameters until birth in women from the Mediterranean coast of northern Spain. All (n = 791) women were [...] Read more.
In this randomized clinical trial, we evaluated the effects of prenatal iron supplementation adapted to pregnant women’s initial hemoglobin (Hb) levels on fetal growth parameters until birth in women from the Mediterranean coast of northern Spain. All (n = 791) women were iron-supplemented during pregnancy according to Hb levels at the 12th gestational week: stratum 1 (Hb: 110–130 g/L) received 40 or 80 mg iron daily; stratum 2 (Hb > 130 g/L) received 40 or 20 mg iron daily. Fetal biometric and anthropometric measurements were evaluated in the three trimesters and at birth, respectively. In stratum 1, using 80 mg/d instead of 40 mg/d increased the risk of fetal head circumference > 90th percentile (OR = 2.49, p = 0.015) at the second trimester and fetal weight (OR = 2.36, p = 0.011) and femur length (OR = 2.50, p = 0.018) < 10th percentile at the third trimester. For stratum 2, using 40 mg/d instead of 20 mg/d increased the risk of fetal head circumference > 90th percentile (OR = 3.19, p = 0.039) at the third trimester. A higher risk of delivering an LGA baby (OR = 2.35, p = 0.015) for birthweight was also observed in stratum 1 women receiving 80 mg/d. It is crucial to adjust the prenatal iron supplementation to each pregnant woman’s needs, i.e., adapted to their initial Hb levels, to achieve optimal fetal development, since excessive iron doses appear to adversely influence fetal growth. Full article
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