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Nutrients
Special Issues
Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome
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Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 September 2024 | Viewed by 12656

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Weicai Zeng

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Interests: food nutrition and health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Tao Tong

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: functional foods; phytochemicals; chronic disease; skeletal muscle atrophy; photoaging; gut health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of comorbid conditions, including obesity, hypertension, and disordered carbohydrate, and lipid metabolism constitutes a significant health and social problem around the world. Metabolic syndrome can lead to several serious and chronic complications, including type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, stroke, kidney disease, and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The most important risk factors are diet (particularly sugar-sweetened beverage consumption), genetics, aging, low physical activity, and excessive alcohol use. The management of metabolic syndrome is a complex and multifaceted process including drug therapy and lifestyle interventions. Evidence from various preclinical and clinical studies has revealed that various dietary components (nutrients, phytochemicals, prebiotics/probiotics, etc.) play a significant role in the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome and emerge as potential therapeutic agents in a broad range of metabolic syndrome models.

This Special Issue aims to provide current contemporary knowledge on the effects of dietary components (nutrients, phytochemicals, prebiotics/probiotics, etc.) on metabolic syndrome, with the ultimate aim of offering new insights into potential preventive or therapeutic approaches (dietary and pharmacological intervention) for the clinical management of metabolic syndrome.

We warmly welcome reviews (systematic reviews and meta-analyses),original research articles, and clinical studies to be submitted to this Special Issue.

Dr. Weicai Zeng
Dr. Tao Tong
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietary intervention
  • phytochemical
  • plant polyphenols
  • tea polyphenols
  • nutraceutical
  • prebiotics/probiotics
  • metabolic syndrome
  • high-fat diet
  • obesity
  • type 2 diabetes
  • diabetic nephropathy
  • diabetic cardiomyopathy
  • nonalcoholic steatohepatitis
  • skeletal muscle atrophy
  • sarcopenia

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

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16 pages, 6937 KiB  
Article
Benefits of Puerarin on Metabolic Syndrome and Its Associated Cardiovascular Diseases in Rats Fed a High-Fat/High-Sucrose Diet
by Yu Mu, Yalin Yang, Shuang Jiang, Chilu Liu, Yanxing Han, Jiandong Jiang and Yuhong Wang
Nutrients 2024, 16(9), 1273; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16091273 - 25 Apr 2024
Viewed by 253
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that has become a global public health problem. Puerarin (PUE), the principal active compound of Pueraria lobata, has the effects of regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and protecting against cardiovascular [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a cluster of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) that has become a global public health problem. Puerarin (PUE), the principal active compound of Pueraria lobata, has the effects of regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and protecting against cardiovascular damage. This study aimed to investigate whether dietary supplementation with PUE could ameliorate MetS and its associated cardiovascular damage. Rats were randomly divided into three groups: the normal diet group (NC), the high-fat/high-sucrose diet group (HFHS), and the HFHS plus PUE diet group (HFHS-PUE). The results showed that PUE-supplemented rats exhibited enhanced glucose tolerance, improved lipid parameters, and reduced blood pressure compared to those on the HFHS diet alone. Additionally, PUE reversed the HFHS-induced elevations in the atherogenic index (AI) and the activities of serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and creatine kinase (CK). Ultrasonic evaluations indicated that PUE significantly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction and arterial stiffness. Histopathological assessments further confirmed that PUE significantly mitigated cardiac remodeling, arterial remodeling, and neuronal damage in the brain. Moreover, PUE lowered systemic inflammatory indices including C-reactive protein (CRP), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and systemic immune-inflammation index (SII). In conclusion, dietary supplementation with PUE effectively moderated metabolic disorders, attenuated systemic inflammation, and minimized cardiovascular damage in rats with MetS induced by an HFHS diet. These results provide novel insights into the potential benefits of dietary PUE supplementation for the prevention and management of MetS and its related CVDs. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome)
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16 pages, 2571 KiB  
Article
Changes in Macronutrients during Dieting Lead to Weight Cycling and Metabolic Complications in Mouse Model
by Anouk Charlot, Anthony Bringolf, Léa Debrut, Joris Mallard, Anne-Laure Charles, Emilie Crouchet, Delphine Duteil, Bernard Geny and Joffrey Zoll
Nutrients 2024, 16(5), 646; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16050646 - 25 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1156
Abstract
Weight cycling is a major challenge in obesity management. Caloric restriction is known to promote this phenomenon, but the impact of macronutrient changes during dieting remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of macronutrient changes in weight maintenance without caloric restriction [...] Read more.
Weight cycling is a major challenge in obesity management. Caloric restriction is known to promote this phenomenon, but the impact of macronutrient changes during dieting remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the role of macronutrient changes in weight maintenance without caloric restriction by alternating between two hypercaloric diets: a high-carbohydrate, high-fat Western diet (WD) and a low-carbohydrate, high-fat diet (LCHDF). Obesity was induced in 8-week-old C57BL/6 male mice by 10 weeks of WD feeding. Then, the mice were subjected to 12 weeks of LCHFD interspersed with WD (I-WD), 3 periods of 2-week LCHFD followed by 2 periods of 3-week WD, or 12 weeks of continuous WD (C-WD). C-WD and I-WD mice were compared to standard diet (SD) mice. In the I-WD group, each LCHFD period decreased weight gain, but mice regained weight after WD resumption. I-WD mice exhibited obesity, dyslipidemia, and glucose intolerance, similarly to the C-WD mice. I-WD mice also developed nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, associated with an increase in type-III collagen gene expression and a decrease in FGF21 protein levels, in comparison with SD. I-WD mice developed weight cycling despite maintaining a high caloric consumption, suggesting that changes in macronutrients during dieting are also a trigger of weight regain. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome)
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16 pages, 5808 KiB  
Article
Properties of Dietary Flavone Glycosides, Aglycones, and Metabolites on the Catalysis of Human Endoplasmic Reticulum Uridine Diphosphate Glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7)
by Ting Xu, Yangjun Lv, Yuhan Cui, Dongchen Liu, Tao Xu, Baiyi Lu and Xuan Yang
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4941; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234941 - 28 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
Flavone glycosides, their aglycones, and metabolites are the major phytochemicals in dietary intake. However, there are still many unknowns about the cellular utilization and active sites of these natural products. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) in the endoplasmic reticulum have gene polymorphism distribution in [...] Read more.
Flavone glycosides, their aglycones, and metabolites are the major phytochemicals in dietary intake. However, there are still many unknowns about the cellular utilization and active sites of these natural products. Uridine diphosphate glucuronosyltransferases (UGTs) in the endoplasmic reticulum have gene polymorphism distribution in the population and widely mediate the absorption and metabolism of endogenous and exogenous compounds by catalyzing the covalent addition of glucuronic acid and various lipophilic chemicals. Firstly, we found that rutin, a typical flavone O-glycoside, has a stronger UGT2B7 binding effect than its metabolites. After testing a larger number of flavonoids with different aglycones, their aglycones, and metabolites, we demonstrated that typical dietary flavone O-glycosides generally have high binding affinities towards UGT2B7 protein, but the flavone C-glycosides and the phenolic acid metabolites of flavones had no significant effect on this. With the disposition of 4-methylumbelliferone examined by HPLC assay, we determined that 10 μM rutin and nicotifiorin could significantly inhibit the activity of recombinant UGT2B7 protein, which is stronger than isovitexin, vitexin, 3-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid. In addition, in vitro experiments showed that in normal and doxorubicin-induced lipid composition, both flavone O-glycosides rutin and flavone C-glycosides isovitexin at 10 μM had no significant effect on the expression of UGT1A1, UGT2B4, UGT2B7, and UGT2B15 genes for 24 h exposure. The obtained results enrich the regulatory properties of dietary flavone glycosides, aglycones, and metabolites towards the catalysis of UGTs and will contribute to the establishment of a precise nutritional intervention system based on lipid bilayers and theories of nutrients on endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria communication. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome)
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Review

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32 pages, 1036 KiB  
Review
Effects of Anthocyanins on Components of Metabolic Syndrome—A Review
by Michaela Godyla-Jabłoński, Ewa Raczkowska, Anna Jodkowska, Alicja Zofia Kucharska, Tomasz Sozański and Monika Bronkowska
Nutrients 2024, 16(8), 1103; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16081103 - 09 Apr 2024
Viewed by 1039
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant health problem. The co-occurrence of obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidaemia is estimated to affect 20–30% of adults worldwide. Researchers are seeking solutions to prevent and treat the conditions related to MetS. Preventive medicine, which [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a significant health problem. The co-occurrence of obesity, carbohydrate metabolism disorders, hypertension and atherogenic dyslipidaemia is estimated to affect 20–30% of adults worldwide. Researchers are seeking solutions to prevent and treat the conditions related to MetS. Preventive medicine, which focuses on modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, including diet, plays a special role. A diet rich in fruits and vegetables has documented health benefits, mainly due to the polyphenolic compounds it contains. Anthocyanins represent a major group of polyphenols; they exhibit anti-atherosclerotic, antihypertensive, antithrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, as well as beneficial effects on endothelial function and oxidative stress. This review presents recent reports on the mechanisms involved in the protective effects of anthocyanins on the body, especially among people with MetS. It includes epidemiological data, in vivo and in vitro preclinical studies and clinical observational studies. Anthocyanins are effective, widely available compounds that can be used in both the prevention and treatment of MetS and its complications. Increased consumption of anthocyanin-rich foods may contribute to the maintenance of normal body weight and modulation of the lipid profile in adults. However, further investigation is needed to confirm the beneficial effects of anthocyanins on serum glucose levels, improvement in insulin sensitivity and reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome)
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13 pages, 1130 KiB  
Review
Plant-Based Diets and Metabolic Syndrome Components: The Questions That Still Need to Be Answered—A Narrative Review
by Klaudia Wiśniewska, Katarzyna Małgorzata Okręglicka, Aneta Nitsch-Osuch and Michał Oczkowski
Nutrients 2024, 16(1), 165; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16010165 - 04 Jan 2024
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2046
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the co-occurrence of at least three of the following metabolic disorders: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high blood glucose, and hypertension. The treatment of MetS involves lifestyle changes, including following an appropriate diet. In [...] Read more.
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as the co-occurrence of at least three of the following metabolic disorders: abdominal obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), high blood glucose, and hypertension. The treatment of MetS involves lifestyle changes, including following an appropriate diet. In addition to weight reduction, it is crucial to search for optimal nutritional patterns that are highly effective in optimizing other MetS markers, such as glucose and lipid metabolism, and reducing blood pressure. To date, the effects of a Mediterranean diet and Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet on MetS have been extensively evaluated. Recent epidemiological studies suggest that plant-based diets (PBDs) may be effective in treating MetS; however, there is still a lack of experimental data. This review aims to analyze the potential benefits of different PBDs on MetS determinants based on the available studies. The findings may help personalize dietary interventions and improve patient care for those with MetS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome)
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39 pages, 5279 KiB  
Review
Plant-Based Nutrition: Exploring Health Benefits for Atherosclerosis, Chronic Diseases, and Metabolic Syndrome—A Comprehensive Review
by Humberto Peña-Jorquera, Valeska Cid-Jofré, Leslie Landaeta-Díaz, Fanny Petermann-Rocha, Miquel Martorell, Hermann Zbinden-Foncea, Gerson Ferrari, Carlos Jorquera-Aguilera and Carlos Cristi-Montero
Nutrients 2023, 15(14), 3244; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15143244 - 21 Jul 2023
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 6517
Abstract
Atherosclerosis, chronic non-communicable diseases, and metabolic syndrome are highly interconnected and collectively contribute to global health concerns that reduce life expectancy and quality of life. These conditions arise from multiple risk factors, including inflammation, insulin resistance, impaired blood lipid profile, endothelial dysfunction, and [...] Read more.
Atherosclerosis, chronic non-communicable diseases, and metabolic syndrome are highly interconnected and collectively contribute to global health concerns that reduce life expectancy and quality of life. These conditions arise from multiple risk factors, including inflammation, insulin resistance, impaired blood lipid profile, endothelial dysfunction, and increased cardiovascular risk. Adopting a plant-based diet has gained popularity as a viable alternative to promote health and mitigate the incidence of, and risk factors associated with, these three health conditions. Understanding the potential benefits of a plant-based diet for human health is crucial, particularly in the face of the rising prevalence of chronic diseases like diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis, and cancer. Thus, this review focused on the plausible advantages of consuming a type of food pattern for the prevention and/or treatment of chronic diseases, emphasizing the dietary aspects that contribute to these conditions and the evidence supporting the benefits of a plant-based diet for human health. To facilitate a more in-depth analysis, we present separate evidence for each of these three concepts, acknowledging their intrinsic connection while providing a specific focus on each one. This review underscores the potential of a plant-based diet to target the underlying causes of these chronic diseases and enhance health outcomes for individuals and populations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutritional Strategies in the Prevention and Treatment of Metabolic Syndrome)
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