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Nutrition Management for Prostate Cancer
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Nutrition Management for Prostate Cancer

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2021) | Viewed by 19094

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Anait S. Levenson

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Long Island University, Brookville, NY 11548, USA
Interests: prostate and breast cancers; molecular mechanisms of cancer progression; pre-clinical mouse models; targeted therapies; natural anticancer agents
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Nutritional management is a particularly promising approach for preventing and treating prostate cancer due to this cancer’s association with diet, its slow progression, and its predominance in elderly men. Numerous studies have indicated a potential for prostate cancer chemoprevention and innovative therapeutic options via single dietary bioactive polyphenols or plant extracts containing a mix of phytochemicals. However, further investigations, using animal models followed by carefully designed clinical trials in adequate subpopulations of patients, are necessary to translate our findings into practice.

It is our great pleasure to initiate a Special Issue of Nutrients on “Nutritional Management for Prostate Cancer” to provide an opportunity for researchers to publish their original articles, up-to-date reviews, and results from clinical trials on the beneficial effects of dietary supplements against prostate cancer progression. We welcome cutting-edge manuscripts that describe nutritional anticancer agents’ novel mechanisms of action, including epigenetic mechanisms as well as improved pharmacokinetics.

Prof. Dr. Anait S Levenson
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • prostate cancer
  • cancer biology
  • nutraceuticals
  • natural compounds
  • phytochemicals
  • dietary supplements
  • bioactive polyphenols
  • plant extracts
  • mechanism of action
  • pharmacokinetics
  • oral bioavailability
  • chemoprevention
  • novel therapeutic strategies

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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22 pages, 2314 KiB  
Article
Transcriptomic Analysis of LNCaP Tumor Xenograft to Elucidate the Components and Mechanisms Contributed by Tumor Environment as Targets for Dietary Prostate Cancer Prevention Studies
by Lu Yu, Robert W. Li, Haiqiu Huang, Quynhchi Pham, Liangli Yu and Thomas T. Y. Wang
Nutrients 2021, 13(3), 1000; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13031000 - 19 Mar 2021
Viewed by 2581
Abstract
LNCaP athymic xenograft model has been widely used to allow researchers to examine the effects and mechanisms of experimental treatments such as diet and diet-derived cancer preventive and therapeutic compounds on prostate cancer. However, the biological characteristics of human LNCaP cells before/after implanting [...] Read more.
LNCaP athymic xenograft model has been widely used to allow researchers to examine the effects and mechanisms of experimental treatments such as diet and diet-derived cancer preventive and therapeutic compounds on prostate cancer. However, the biological characteristics of human LNCaP cells before/after implanting in athymic mouse and its relevance to clinical human prostate outcomes remain unclear and may dictate interpretation of biological efficacies/mechanisms of diet/diet-derived experimental treatments. In this study, transcriptome profiles and pathways of human prostate LNCaP cells before (in vitro) and after (in vivo) implanting into xenograft mouse were compared using RNA-sequencing technology (RNA-seq) followed by bioinformatic analysis. A shift from androgen-responsive to androgen nonresponsive status was observed when comparing LNCaP xenograft tumor to culture cells. Androgen receptor and aryl-hydrocarbon pathway were found to be inhibited and interleukin-1 (IL-1) mediated pathways contributed to these changes. Coupled with in vitro experiments modeling for androgen exposure, cell-matrix interaction, inflammation, and hypoxia, we identified specific mechanisms that may contribute to the observed changes in genes and pathways. Our results provide critical baseline transcriptomic information for a tumor xenograft model and the tumor environments that might be associated with regulating the progression of the xenograft tumor, which may influence interpretation of diet/diet-derived experimental treatments. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Management for Prostate Cancer)
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15 pages, 3125 KiB  
Article
Therapeutic Potential of Gnetin C in Prostate Cancer: A Pre-Clinical Study
by Ketaki Gadkari, Urvi Kolhatkar, Rutu Hemani, Gisella Campanelli, Qing Cai, Avinash Kumar and Anait S. Levenson
Nutrients 2020, 12(12), 3631; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12123631 - 26 Nov 2020
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 2549
Abstract
Natural stilbenes have gained significant attention in the scientific community owing to their potential anticancer effects against prostate cancer. We recently reported that Gnetin C, a resveratrol (Res) dimer, demonstrated more potent inhibition of metastasis-associated protein 1/v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog [...] Read more.
Natural stilbenes have gained significant attention in the scientific community owing to their potential anticancer effects against prostate cancer. We recently reported that Gnetin C, a resveratrol (Res) dimer, demonstrated more potent inhibition of metastasis-associated protein 1/v-ets avian erythroblastosis virus E26 oncogene homolog 2 (MTA1/ETS2) axis in prostate cancer cell lines than other stilbenes. In this study, we investigated in vivo antitumor effects of Gnetin C in two doses (50 and 25 mg/kg, i.p.) using PC3M-Luc subcutaneous xenografts and compared these to Res and pterostilbene (Pter). We found that while vehicle-treated mice revealed rapid tumor progression, compounds-treated mice showed noticeable delay in tumor growth. Gnetin C in 50 mg/kg dose demonstrated the most potent tumor inhibitory effects. Gnetin C in 25 mg/kg dose exhibited tumor inhibitory effects comparable with Pter in 50 mg/kg dose. Consistent with the effective antitumor effects, Gnetin C-treated tumors showed reduced mitotic activity and angiogenesis and a significant increase in apoptosis compared to all the other groups. The data suggest that Gnetin C is more potent in slowing tumor progression in prostate cancer xenografts than Res or Pter. Taken together, we demonstrated, for the first time, that Gnetin C is a lead compound among stilbenes for effectively blocking prostate cancer progression in vivo. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Management for Prostate Cancer)
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Review

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16 pages, 951 KiB  
Review
Dietary Phytochemicals in Zinc Homeostasis: A Strategy for Prostate Cancer Management
by Chandra K. Singh, Gagan Chhabra, Arth Patel, Hao Chang and Nihal Ahmad
Nutrients 2021, 13(6), 1867; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13061867 - 30 May 2021
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 4506
Abstract
Studies have suggested an important role of the trace element zinc (Zn) in prostate biology and functions. Zn has been shown to exist in very high concentrations in the healthy prostate and is important for several prostatic functions. In prostate cancer (PCa), Zn [...] Read more.
Studies have suggested an important role of the trace element zinc (Zn) in prostate biology and functions. Zn has been shown to exist in very high concentrations in the healthy prostate and is important for several prostatic functions. In prostate cancer (PCa), Zn levels are significantly decreased and inversely correlated with disease progression. Ideally, restoration of adequate Zn levels in premalignant/malignant prostate cells could abort prostate malignancy. However, studies have shown that Zn supplementation is not an efficient way to significantly increase Zn concentrations in PCa. Based on a limited number of investigations, the reason for the lower levels of Zn in PCa is believed to be the dysregulation of Zn transporters (especially ZIP and ZnT family of proteins), metallothioneins (for storing and releasing Zn), and their regulators (e.g., Zn finger transcription factor RREB1). Interestingly, the level of Zn in cells has been shown to be modulated by naturally occurring dietary phytochemicals. In this review, we discussed the effect of selected phytochemicals (quercetin, resveratrol, epigallocatechin-3-gallate and curcumin) on Zn functioning and proposes that Zn in combination with specific dietary phytochemicals may lead to enhanced Zn bioaccumulation in the prostate, and therefore, may inhibit PCa. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Management for Prostate Cancer)
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29 pages, 1445 KiB  
Review
Dietary Factors and Prostate Cancer Development, Progression, and Reduction
by Michał Oczkowski, Katarzyna Dziendzikowska, Anna Pasternak-Winiarska, Dariusz Włodarek and Joanna Gromadzka-Ostrowska
Nutrients 2021, 13(2), 496; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13020496 - 03 Feb 2021
Cited by 47 | Viewed by 8656
Abstract
Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate [...] Read more.
Due to the constantly increasing number of cases, prostate cancer has become one of the most important health problems of modern societies. This review presents the current knowledge regarding the role of nutrients and foodstuff consumption in the etiology and development of prostate malignancies, including the potential mechanisms of action. The results of several in vivo and in vitro laboratory experiments as well as those reported by the clinical and epidemiological research studies carried out around the world were analyzed. The outcomes of these studies clearly show the influence of both nutrients and food products on the etiology and prevention of prostate cancer. Consumption of certain nutrients (saturated and trans fatty acids) and food products (e.g., processed meat products) leads to the disruption of prostate hormonal regulation, induction of oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of growth factor signaling and lipid metabolism, which all contribute to prostate carcinogenesis. On the other hand, a high consumption of vegetables, fruits, fish, and whole grain products exerts protective and/or therapeutic effects. Special bioactive functions are assigned to compounds such as flavonoids, stilbenes, and lycopene. Since the influence of nutrients and dietary pattern is a modifiable risk factor in the development and prevention of prostate cancer, awareness of the beneficial and harmful effects of individual food ingredients is of great importance in the global strategy against prostate cancer. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Nutrition Management for Prostate Cancer)
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