Zinc Supplementation and Anemia

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Micronutrients and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 5 August 2024 | Viewed by 6083

Special Issue Editor


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Guest Editor
Department of Food Science, College of Life Sciences, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung 20224, Taiwan
Interests: environmental science; marine biochemistry; zinc supplementation; anemia treatment

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Zinc is an essential trace element, and anemia is the most common blood disorder. It has been shown that zinc deficiency and excess could contribute to anemia, and abnormal zinc levels (lower plasma zinc and higher erythrocyte zinc) in the blood could be the consequence of anemia.

It was reported that zinc supplementation combined with iron therapy can increase hemoglobin levels and improve iron indexes more than iron alone. In chronic kidney patients, the levels of serum zinc and dietary protein intake in the zinc supplementation group were higher than those in the control group. It was found that the recombinant human EPO needed to maintain a normal hemoglobin level in chronic kidney patients significantly decreased 3 months after zinc supplementation. Animal studies also indicated that zinc supplementation could relieve anemia by inducing new red blood cell formation. In handling anemia, zinc supplementation may have preventive and curative effects.

However, little is known about whether zinc supplementation improves nutritional, inflammatory, or micronutrient status. This Special Issue plans to give an overview of the most recent advances in the field of zinc supplementation and anemia in diverse areas. The issue aims to provide selected contributions on advances in the effects and mechanism involved, as well as to recommend the amount and duration of zinc supplementation.

This Special Issue invites original research and review papers on the topic of zinc supplementation and anemia.

Prof. Dr. Sen Shyong Jeng
Guest Editor

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Keywords

  • zinc
  • anemia
  • zinc supplementation
  • chronic kidney disease (CKD)
  • red blood cells (RBCs)

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 1457 KiB  
Article
Zinc Supplementation Enhances the Hematopoietic Activity of Erythropoiesis-Stimulating Agents but Not Hypoxia-Inducible Factor–Prolyl Hydroxylase Inhibitors
by Akira Takahashi
Nutrients 2024, 16(4), 520; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16040520 - 13 Feb 2024
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Abstract
Since zinc is involved in many aspects of the hematopoietic process, zinc supplementation can reduce erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, it remains unclear whether hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) have similar reduction effects. HIF-PHI stabilizes HIF, which promotes hematopoiesis, although [...] Read more.
Since zinc is involved in many aspects of the hematopoietic process, zinc supplementation can reduce erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, it remains unclear whether hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs) have similar reduction effects. HIF-PHI stabilizes HIF, which promotes hematopoiesis, although HIF-1α levels are downregulated by zinc. This study aimed to investigate the effect of zinc supplementation on the hematopoietic effect of HIF-PHI in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Thirty patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis who underwent periods of treatment with roxadustat or darbepoetin alfa during the past 3 years were retrospectively observed. Participants who underwent periods with and without zinc supplementation were selected, with nine treated with darbepoetin alfa and nine treated with roxadustat. Similarly to the ESA responsiveness index (ERI), the hematopoietic effect of zinc supplementation was determined by the HIF-PHI responsiveness index (HRI), which was calculated by dividing the HIF-PHI dose (mg/week) by the patient’s dry weight (kg) and hemoglobin level (g/L). Zinc supplementation significantly increased ERI (p < 0.05), but no significant change was observed (p = 0.931) in HRI. Although zinc supplementation did not significantly affect HRI, adequate zinc supplementation is required to alleviate concerns such as vascular calcification and increased serum copper during the use of HIF-PHI. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zinc Supplementation and Anemia)
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14 pages, 2228 KiB  
Article
Co-Administration of Roxadustat and Zinc Stabilizes Both Serum Copper and Zinc Concentrations in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
by Akira Takahashi
Nutrients 2023, 15(23), 4887; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15234887 - 23 Nov 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1006
Abstract
Patients undergoing hemodialysis often require zinc supplementation owing to hypozincemia, which may reduce serum copper concentrations. However, hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs), which are used to treat renal anemia, have been reported to increase serum copper. Therefore, this study investigates the effectiveness of [...] Read more.
Patients undergoing hemodialysis often require zinc supplementation owing to hypozincemia, which may reduce serum copper concentrations. However, hypoxia-inducible factor–prolyl hydroxylase inhibitors (HIF-PHIs), which are used to treat renal anemia, have been reported to increase serum copper. Therefore, this study investigates the effectiveness of a combination of HIF-PHIs and zinc for the stabilization of serum copper and zinc concentrations during zinc supplementation for patients undergoing hemodialysis with renal anemia and hypozincemia. The serum zinc and copper concentrations were retrospectively compared over an 8-month period in 20 patients being administered roxadustat (an HIF-PHI) and 20 controls. The changes in concentrations were tracked in participants taking roxadustat who initiated or increased zinc supplementation. The serum zinc concentrations of the participants were significantly higher (p < 0.001) during zinc supplementation, regardless of roxadustat administration. Post-roxadustat, the serum copper concentrations were significantly higher than those pre-roxadustat or in non-roxadustat-treated participants, irrespective of zinc supplementation (p < 0.005). Even post-roxadustat, the serum copper concentrations were significantly lower, with no increase during zinc supplementation (p < 0.040). When zinc supplementation was initiated or increased in participants taking roxadustat, copper and zinc concentrations were normalized. Thus, combining zinc supplementation with roxadustat prevents both an excessive increase in serum copper and a decrease in serum zinc. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zinc Supplementation and Anemia)
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14 pages, 2347 KiB  
Article
Oral Zinc-Rich Oyster Supplementation Corrects Anemia in Rats
by Yen-Hua Chen, Hui-Lin Feng, Yu-Cheng Lu and Sen-Shyong Jeng
Nutrients 2023, 15(21), 4675; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214675 - 04 Nov 2023
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Abstract
This study investigates the impact of various zinc supplementation methods on anemia in rats induced by phenylhydrazine (PHZ) and in 5/6-nephrectomized anemic rats. We compare oral zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) supplementation, oyster Crassostrea gigas supplementation, and hard clam Meretrix lusoria supplementation on [...] Read more.
This study investigates the impact of various zinc supplementation methods on anemia in rats induced by phenylhydrazine (PHZ) and in 5/6-nephrectomized anemic rats. We compare oral zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) supplementation, oyster Crassostrea gigas supplementation, and hard clam Meretrix lusoria supplementation on red blood cell (RBC) levels. Oral zinc-rich oyster supplementation (2.70 mg Zn (30 g oyster)/day/rat) effectively corrects anemia in both experimental groups. Rats orally fed oysters for four days exhibit similar effectiveness as those receiving a single ZnSO4 injection (0.95 mg Zn (4.18 mg ZnSO4⋅7H2O)/rat). In contrast, oral ZnSO4 supplementation (2.70 mg Zn (11.88 mg ZnSO4⋅7H2O)/day/rat) does not significantly increase RBC levels, suggesting better zinc absorption from oysters. A placebo group of anemic rats supplemented with hard clams, similar in composition to oysters but much lower in zinc, did not change RBC counts. This supports oysters’ high zinc content as the key to correcting anemia. Oysters also contain high iron levels, offering a potential solution for iron-deficiency anemia while supporting bone marrow erythropoiesis. In summary, oral oyster supplementation emerges as an effective strategy to correct anemia in rats with added zinc and iron support for erythropoiesis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Zinc Supplementation and Anemia)
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