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Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey
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Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (19 August 2022) | Viewed by 15634

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Hidemi Takimoto

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
Interests: dietary surveys; public health nutrition; nutrient profiles; maternal and child nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Nobuo Nishi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
International Center for Nutrition and Information, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan
Interests: social determinants of health; nutrition surveillance; system dynamics; sustainable healthy diets

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to invite you to submit manuscripts to this Issue entitled “Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey”. We would like to invite you to contribute a manuscript that provides insights into this nationally representative survey with a history of more than 75 years. We welcome manuscripts that apply the survey results for analyses, as well as those focusing on survey management, data quality control, or current issues.

The Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS; formerly the National Nutrition Survey) has been conducted every year in Japan from 1945 to 2019. Since its inception, it has been continually revised in order to focus on the public health issues of the time, which is the unique characteristic of this survey.

The Japan National Nutrition Survey was initiated with the aim of obtaining information about food supplies due to post-World War 2 food shortages. Since then, this survey has been conducted with the goal of improving the nutritional status of the Japanese, and to monitor population health more comprehensively. The survey was designed to provide national representation through the random sampling of survey households, to monitor dietary intake and physical symptoms. At present, it is conducted in three components that collect nutrition, physical, and lifestyle data. Unfortunately, the 2020 survey was suspended due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The objective of this Special Issue on “Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey” is to showcase the latest research focusing on various topics related to this historically important survey.

This Issue will accept manuscripts describing observational studies applying the NHNS data for analyses. Historical studies and trend analyses are welcome, as well as studies proposing new methodologies for conducting national dietary surveys during the pandemic.

Dr. Hidemi Takimoto
Dr. Nobuo Nishi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • dietary survey
  • surveillance
  • nutrition monitoring

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Editorial

Jump to: Research

2 pages, 169 KiB  
Editorial
Current Findings from the Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey
by Nobuo Nishi and Hidemi Takimoto
Nutrients 2023, 15(9), 2213; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15092213 - 06 May 2023
Viewed by 1341
Abstract
In this Special Issue, six articles using the Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS) were published [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)

Research

Jump to: Editorial

15 pages, 15061 KiB  
Article
Trends in Food Group Intake According to Body Size among Young Japanese Women: The 2001–2019 National Health and Nutrition Survey
by Mai Matsumoto, Ryoko Tajima, Aya Fujiwara, Xiaoyi Yuan, Emiko Okada and Hidemi Takimoto
Nutrients 2022, 14(19), 4078; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14194078 - 30 Sep 2022
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1908
Abstract
Unlike in many industrialised countries, the high proportion of young women who are underweight in Japan has been a long-term problem. We evaluated trends in food group intake according to body size among young Japanese women using data from the National Health and [...] Read more.
Unlike in many industrialised countries, the high proportion of young women who are underweight in Japan has been a long-term problem. We evaluated trends in food group intake according to body size among young Japanese women using data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey 2001–2019. Overall, 13,771 Japanese women aged 20–39 years were included. A 1-day household-based dietary record was used to estimate food intake. Foods were classified into 34 groups based on the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan. The trend of food group intake was analysed using the Joinpoint Regression Program. The proportion of young women who were underweight was consistently around 20%, while obesity among young women increased between 2001 (10%) and 2019 (13%). A decreased trend in fish and shellfish and seaweed intake and an increased trend in meat and soft drink intake were observed among young women. Decreased trends in the intake of fruit and dairy products were observed in young women who were not obese. An increased trend in the intake of confectionaries was observed in young women who were obese. This study suggests that the types of unhealthy eating habits may differ according to body size among young Japanese women. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)
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11 pages, 254 KiB  
Article
Possible Measures to Improve Both Participation and Response Quality in Japan’s National Health and Nutrition Survey: Results from a Workshop by Local Government Personnel in Charge of the Survey
by Midori Ishikawa, Tetsuji Yokoyama and Hidemi Takimoto
Nutrients 2022, 14(19), 3906; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14193906 - 21 Sep 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1411
Abstract
Increasing participation rates are crucial to ensure the representativeness of national survey results of the population. This study aimed to identify measures that could be taken by local government personnel in charge of the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS), Japan, to improve [...] Read more.
Increasing participation rates are crucial to ensure the representativeness of national survey results of the population. This study aimed to identify measures that could be taken by local government personnel in charge of the National Health and Nutrition Survey (NHNS), Japan, to improve participation rates. The subjects were twenty-one health personnel who worked in 19 local governments and participated in the training course at the National Institute of Public Health. Qualitative data were collected through a workshop. They discussed the problems that seem to affect participation rates and identified possible solutions. The contents were coded and grouped to create categories, using the Jiro Kawakita (KJ) method. For data analysis, researchers combined and reviewed all codes and categories. The measures that could improve participation rates were divided into the following 12 categories: 1. standardization of survey methods, 2. investigator skills, 3. survey organization, 4. venue setting, 5. accessing target households, 6. time of survey, 7. responses during the investigation, 8. confirming meal contents reported in the nutritional intake status survey, 9. rewards/incentives, 10. possible rewards, 11. feedback on survey results, and 12. survey practices during the COVID-19 pandemic. These findings represent viable initiatives for local health personnel to increase participation rates for the NHNS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)
12 pages, 2396 KiB  
Article
Estimation of the Effect of Salt-Intake Reduction on Cardiovascular Mortality Decline between 1950 and 2017 in Japan: A Retrospective Simulation Study
by Takehiro Sugiyama, Nayu Ikeda, Kazuko Minowa and Nobuo Nishi
Nutrients 2022, 14(18), 3747; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14183747 - 10 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1589
Abstract
In Japan, a decrease in cardiovascular mortality has coincided with reduced population salt intake since the 1950s. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of reduced population salt intake on the long-term trends of cardiovascular mortality. Using government statistics and [...] Read more.
In Japan, a decrease in cardiovascular mortality has coincided with reduced population salt intake since the 1950s. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effect of reduced population salt intake on the long-term trends of cardiovascular mortality. Using government statistics and epidemiological study results in people of 20–69 years old from 1950 to 2017, including the National Health and Nutrition Survey, we developed a system dynamics model of age-specific cardiovascular mortality and salt intake. We estimated the period and cohort effects on mortality and calibrated the model for the historical mortality rate. We then simulated the counterfactual scenario of no decrease in salt intake to estimate the reduction in cardiovascular deaths associated with decreased mean salt intake. Compared with the base run and calibrated to the actual data, approximately 298,000 and 118,000 excess deaths were observed in men and women, respectively, assuming no change in salt intake over the entire period. The model suggests that the decline in salt intake since the 1950s has contributed to a non-negligible reduction in cardiovascular mortality. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)
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14 pages, 293 KiB  
Article
Association between Food Sources of Free Sugars and Weight Status among Children and Adolescents in Japan: The 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan
by Aya Fujiwara, Emiko Okada, Mai Matsumoto, Ryoko Tajima, Xiaoyi Yuan and Hidemi Takimoto
Nutrients 2022, 14(17), 3659; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173659 - 04 Sep 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1973
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between food sources of free sugars and weight status among children and adolescents aged 2–19 years in Japan (1438 males and 1340 females) from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan. We estimated the [...] Read more.
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the relationship between food sources of free sugars and weight status among children and adolescents aged 2–19 years in Japan (1438 males and 1340 females) from the 2016 National Health and Nutrition Survey, Japan. We estimated the percentage of energy intake (% E) from free sugars from total food sources (FStotal), solid foods (FSsolids), and beverages (FSliquids), using one-day weighed dietary record data. Weight status was determined based on body mass index (BMI) z-scores and the prevalence of overweight and obesity. The mean energy intakes of FStotal, FSsolids, and FSliquids were 5.8%, 4.1%, and 1.8% in males and 6.2%, 4.6%, and 1.6% in females, respectively. After controlling for potential confounding factors, including energy intake, there was no association of free sugars intake from all food sources with BMI z-scores or with the prevalence of overweight and obesity, except for a marginal association between higher FSsolids and lower estimated BMI z-scores in females (p = 0.05). The present findings indicate that among children and adolescents in Japan, who have a relatively low mean intake of free sugars, consuming free sugars from any food source is unlikely to have an adverse effect on weight status. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)
13 pages, 2747 KiB  
Article
Reduction of Cardiovascular Events and Related Healthcare Expenditures through Achieving Population-Level Targets of Dietary Salt Intake in Japan: A Simulation Model Based on the National Health and Nutrition Survey
by Nayu Ikeda, Hitomi Yamashita, Jun Hattori, Hiroki Kato, Katsushi Yoshita and Nobuo Nishi
Nutrients 2022, 14(17), 3606; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14173606 - 31 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2681
Abstract
Reducing population dietary salt intake is expected to help prevent cardiovascular disease and thus constrain increasing national healthcare expenditures in Japan’s super-aged society. We aimed to estimate the impact of achieving global and national salt-reduction targets (8, <6, and <5 grams/day) on cardiovascular [...] Read more.
Reducing population dietary salt intake is expected to help prevent cardiovascular disease and thus constrain increasing national healthcare expenditures in Japan’s super-aged society. We aimed to estimate the impact of achieving global and national salt-reduction targets (8, <6, and <5 grams/day) on cardiovascular events and national healthcare spending in Japan. Using published data including mean salt intake and systolic blood pressure from the 2019 National Health and Nutrition Survey, we developed a Markov model of a closed cohort of adults aged 40–79 years in 2019 (n = 66,955,000) transitioning among six health states based on the disease course of ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke. If mean salt intake were to remain at 2019 levels over 10 years, cumulative incident cases in the cohort would be approximately 2.0 million for IHD and 2.6 million for stroke, costing USD 61.6 billion for IHD and USD 104.6 billion for stroke. Compared with the status quo, reducing mean salt intake towards the targets over 10 years would avert 1–3% of IHD and stroke events and save up to 2% of related national healthcare costs. Attaining dietary salt-reduction goals among adults would yield moderate health economic benefits in Japan. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)
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10 pages, 532 KiB  
Article
Trends in Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension According to 40-Year-Old Life Expectancy at Prefectures in Japan from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys
by Mizuki Sata, Tomonori Okamura, Nobuo Nishi, Aya Kadota, Mieko Nakamura, Keiko Kondo, Yukiko Okami, Kaori Kitaoka, Toshiyuki Ojima, Katsushi Yoshita and Katsuyuki Miura
Nutrients 2022, 14(6), 1219; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14061219 - 14 Mar 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2596
Abstract
The prevalence of hypertension has been decreasing in Japan due to improved medical treatment and a decrease in dietary salt intake. However, disparities in the prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension are expected to occur in different regions. This study aimed to investigate [...] Read more.
The prevalence of hypertension has been decreasing in Japan due to improved medical treatment and a decrease in dietary salt intake. However, disparities in the prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension are expected to occur in different regions. This study aimed to investigate the trends in the prevalence, treatment, and control of hypertension at the prefectural level of life expectancy among Japanese population. We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Survey and analysed the individual survey information of individuals aged 40–69 years by dividing it into six terms, i.e., 1995–1997, 1999–2001, 2003–2005, 2007–2009, 2012, and 2016. Prefectures were classified into four groups according to their 40-year-old life expectancy in 2000. Outcome values were standardised to the population by 10-year age groups in 2010, and they were tested by two-way analysis of variance according to six terms and life expectancies. The prevalence of hypertension tended to decrease, especially among women, whereas the treatment and control tended to improve from the first to the sixth period in both men and women. The prevalence and treatment of hypertension in men with longer life expectancy tended to be lower than that in other groups, and there was no obvious difference in the control. In women, there were no obvious differences in the prevalence, treatment, or control. Reducing the prevalence of hypertension by improving lifestyle factors, such as high salt intake in each prefecture with a relatively short life expectancy, may be important to resolve the disparity in life expectancy among prefectures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Japan National Health and Nutrition Survey)
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