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Nutrients
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Global Dietary Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity among...
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Global Dietary Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2019) | Viewed by 20379

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Vicente Martinez Vizcaino

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
Interests: obesity; Cardiovascular disease; meta-analysis; physical activity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Celia Álvarez Bueno

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain
Interests: fitness; cognition; meta-analysis; physical activity
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Iván Cavero Redondo

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
Interests: dietary habits; nutrient impact; dietary interventions; inflammatory response; antioxidant nutrients;biomarkers; arterial stiffness; cardiovascular diseases; meta-analysis; diabetes; vascular health; hypertension
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Over the last few decades, the prevalence of childhood obesity has dramatically increased worldwide, and, in some countries, has resulted in a major public health issue. Obesity in pre-school age children has been poorly studied compared to school age children and adolescents, despite the fact that excess body mass index (BMI) among preschoolers has been associated with an increased risk of suffering premature cardiovascular events and obesity in early adulthood. Moreover, pre-school obesity has been related with hypertension, dyslipidemia, hyperinsulinemia, osteoarticular diseases and increased carotid intima-media thickness, all of which are predictors of cardiovascular events in adulthood. 

Obesity is a complex disorder determined by both genetic and environmental factors, but also by their interaction. Child obesity is the phenotypic expression of the interaction between polygenic inheritance with food intake and physical activity habits. Currently, studies concerning diet and overweight/obesity have been published. However, the role of diet in the etiology of overweight/obesity remains controversial. You are invited to submit proposals for manuscripts that fit the objectives and the topics of this Special Issue.

The aim of this proposed Special Issue on “Global Dietary Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children” is to publish selected papers detailing worldwide trends of weight status and specific aspects related to the diet and nutrition. Particularly, papers (reviews and/or clinical or experimental studies) dealing with trends of overweight and obesity among preschool children in the different continents, and especially those studying potential relationships between these trends and eating behaviors will be included.

Dr. Vicente Martinez Vizcaino
Dr. Celia Álvarez Bueno
Dr. Iván Cavero Redondo
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Overweight
  • Obesity
  • BMI
  • Weight status
  • Adiposity
  • Preschool
  • Children

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 1078 KiB  
Article
Demographic, Social and Health-Related Variables that Predict Normal-Weight Preschool Children Having Overweight or Obesity When Entering Primary Education in Chile
by Juliana Kain, Bárbara Leyton, Louise Baur, Mariana Lira and Camila Corvalán
Nutrients 2019, 11(6), 1277; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11061277 - 05 Jun 2019
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 4344
Abstract
We determined which variables are predictive of normal-weight (N) Chilean 4-year-olds developing overweight/obesity when entering primary school. This study used national data of preschoolers (PK, age 4) in 2011 through 2015, and the same children in the first grade (1st G, age 6) [...] Read more.
We determined which variables are predictive of normal-weight (N) Chilean 4-year-olds developing overweight/obesity when entering primary school. This study used national data of preschoolers (PK, age 4) in 2011 through 2015, and the same children in the first grade (1st G, age 6) in 2013 through 2017. We formed longitudinal cohorts considering PK as the baseline and 1st G as the follow-up and included anthropometric, socio-demographic, and health variables in PK and anthropometry in the 1st G. We report the percentage N who remained N at follow-up (N-N) or gained excessive weight (N-OW) and (N-OB), by sex. We ran univariate logistic regressions to determine for each variable, its association with gaining excessive weight (N-OW + OB), incorporating significant variables (p < 0.001) in multivariate logistic regression. A total of 483,509 (251,150 girls) of PK had anthropometry in the 1st G. In PK, 22% of the children were obese; in the 1st G (24.8% and 19.7% in boys and girls, respectively). Of normal-weight children, 30% developed OW + OB. The predictive variables were: Being born macrosomic, attending a very vulnerable school, being indigenous, the mother’s low schooling, and the child being cared for by the grandmother after school. In this study, the factors predicting that normal-weight preschoolers gain excessive weight gain in a short period of time are mostly related to poverty. Prevention should focus on this population. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Dietary Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children)
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Review

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15 pages, 4800 KiB  
Review
Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among European Preschool Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression by Food Group Consumption
by Miriam Garrido-Miguel, Andreia Oliveira, Iván Cavero-Redondo, Celia Álvarez-Bueno, Diana P Pozuelo-Carrascosa, Alba Soriano-Cano and Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
Nutrients 2019, 11(7), 1698; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071698 - 23 Jul 2019
Cited by 61 | Viewed by 9412
Abstract
The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among European children aged 2–7 years from 2006 to 2016 and to analyze these estimations by gender, country, and food group consumption. We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web [...] Read more.
The aim of this review was to estimate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among European children aged 2–7 years from 2006 to 2016 and to analyze these estimations by gender, country, and food group consumption. We searched CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science databases from their inception until 27 February 2019 including cross-sectional studies and baseline measurements of cohort studies with overweight and obesity defined according to the International Obesity Task Force criteria. Both the inverse-variance fixed-effects method and the DerSimonian and Laird random effects method were used to determinate pooled prevalence estimates and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs). A total of 32 studies (n = 197,755 children) with data from 27 European countries were included. Overall, the pooled prevalence estimates of overweight/obesity in European children (aged 2–7 years) during the period 2006–2016 was 17.9% (95% CI: 15.8–20.0), and the pooled prevalence estimate of obesity was 5.3% (95% CI: 4.5–6.1). Southern European countries showed the highest prevalence of excess weight. Additional measures to address the obesity epidemic in early life should be established, especially in European countries where the prevalence of excess weight is very high. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Dietary Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children)
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21 pages, 490 KiB  
Review
School-Based Interventions in Low Socioeconomic Settings to Reduce Obesity Outcomes among Preschoolers: A Scoping Review
by Megan Luybli, Hanna Schmillen and Mercedes Sotos-Prieto
Nutrients 2019, 11(7), 1518; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11071518 - 04 Jul 2019
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 5932
Abstract
Pediatric obesity continues to grow globally, specifically in low-socioeconomic rural areas. Strategies that combat pediatric obesity have not yet been fully determined. While the implementation of some interventions in preschool (ages 2–5) populations have demonstrated successful results, others have proven to be inconclusive [...] Read more.
Pediatric obesity continues to grow globally, specifically in low-socioeconomic rural areas. Strategies that combat pediatric obesity have not yet been fully determined. While the implementation of some interventions in preschool (ages 2–5) populations have demonstrated successful results, others have proven to be inconclusive and less have focused specifically on low socioeconomic populations. This scoping review aims to examine the literature to study the effectiveness of the school-based interventions in low socioeconomic settings on adiposity-related outcomes among preschoolers. PubMed/MEDLINE and EBSCO (ERIC (Education Resource Information Center) and Food Science Source) were used to conduct the search strategy. A total of 15 studies were assessed that met the inclusion criteria: Studies that included school-based interventions; reported adiposity-related data; targeting preschoolers (2 to 5 years old) in rural/low socioeconomic/underserved/areas. Interventions were then described as successful or inconclusive based on the primary outcome. Nine out of the fifteen studies were labeled as successful, which had a reduction in adiposity-related outcomes (BMI (body mass index), BMI z-score, waist circumference, skinfold, percent body fat). Current evidence, although scarce, suggest that obesity outcomes can be targeted in low socioeconomic settings through school interventions with a multicomponent approach (nutrition and physical activity) and the inclusion of parents. Further research is needed to determine effective interventions, their efficacy, and their long-term outcomes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Global Dietary Prevalence and Trends of Overweight and Obesity among Preschool Children)
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