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Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Bioactive Compounds and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Phytochemicals and Human Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (25 May 2023) | Viewed by 20006

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Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alaa El-Din A. Bekhit

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Guest Editor

Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
Interests: muscle biochemistry; meat quality; bioactive compounds from food by-products; enzymatic hydrolysis; new product development; ethnic food; halal food
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Prof. Dr. Julio Galvez

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Guest Editor

1. Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18012 Granada, Spain
2. Department of Pharmacology, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
3. Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBER-EHD), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
Interests: polyphenols; antioxidant; immune response; microbiota; probiotics
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Prof. Dr. Khalid A. El Sayed

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Guest Editor

School of Basic Pharmaceutical and Toxicological Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Louisiana at Monroe, 1800 Bienville Drive, Monroe, LA 71201, USA
Interests: olive phenolics; optimization of bioactive natural product scaffolds; breast cancer migration, invasion, metastasis and recurrence; c-Met/HGF pathway; PCSK9-LDLR interaction inhibitors; computer-aided/rational semisynthetic optimizations of natural products
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Dr. Stan Kubow

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Guest Editor

School of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC H9X 3V9, Canada
Interests: oxidative stress and antioxidants; nutrition; polyphenols; nutrient and phytochemical digestibility and absorption
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

According to the World Health Organisation (2022), "Non-communicable diseases account for 74% of all global deaths, in which 86% of premature deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries". One cannot help but wonder whether the strong link between socioeconomics and health is directly involved in this high death percentage and whether people in these countries are missing out on key nutrients that could support health and well-being. One of the most significant development in the 20th century was the recognition of the role of macro- and micro-nutrients in health. The role of bioactive compounds, especially phytochemicals, secondary metabolites, and elements, on the prevention, control, and management of diseases has attracted significant interest in the recent decades. This Special Issue aims to provide an update on current trends and knowledge regarding the role of bioactive compounds and chronic non-communicable diseases. Of particular interest is original research that investigates mechanisms of action and structure–action relationships.

Dr. Alaa El-Din A. Bekhit
Prof. Dr. Julio Galvez
Prof. Dr. Khalid A. El Sayed
Dr. Stan Kubow
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

cardiovascular
cancer
dementia
diabetes
structure–action relationship
non-particles
anti-inflammatory
chemical structure

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 4114 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, Antimicrobial, and Anticancer Activities of Pomegranate Juice Concentrate

by Hosam M. Habib, Hamada El-Gendi, Esmail M. El-Fakharany, Mohamed G. El-Ziney, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi, Fatima T. Al Meqbaali and Wissam H. Ibrahim

Nutrients 2023, 15(12), 2709; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15122709 - 11 Jun 2023

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 3048

Abstract

Pomegranate juice concentrate (PJC) is a rich source of polyphenols, which exhibit significant antioxidant activity and potential health benefits for disease prevention and therapy. In this study, the polyphenolic profile of PJC was investigated for the first time, and it was found that PJC can inhibit oxidative damage to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), as well as acetylcholinesterase, α-amylase, and tyrosinase activities. The primary polyphenols identified in PJC were 4-Hydroxy-3-Methoxybenzoate, epicatechin, catechin, rutin, ferulic acid, P-coumaric acid, and cinnamic acid. Additionally, PJC demonstrated potent antibacterial effects against human pathogens such as Streptococcus mutans and Aeromonas hydrophila and dose-dependently reduced the proliferation of colorectal, breast, and hepatic cancer cells via apoptosis. Furthermore, PJC blocked B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCl-2) and the expression of a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (P21) and enhanced tumor protein (P53) expression, compared to both untreated cells and cells treated with fluoropyrimidine 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). As a result, PJC may be a beneficial ingredient in the formulation of emerging natural-compound-based chemotherapy and functional foods and could be utilized by the food, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical industries. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Bioactive Compounds and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases)

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22 pages, 5738 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Palm Fruit (Phoenix dactylifera L.) Pollen Extract Inhibits Cancer Cell and Enzyme Activities and DNA and Protein Damage

by Hosam M. Habib, Esmail M. El-Fakharany, Hamada El-Gendi, Mohamed G. El-Ziney, Ahmed F. El-Yazbi and Wissam H. Ibrahim

Nutrients 2023, 15(11), 2614; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112614 - 02 Jun 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1765

Abstract

Palm fruit pollen extract (PFPE) is a natural source of bioactive polyphenols. The primary aim of the study was to determine the antioxidant, antimicrobial, anticancer, enzyme inhibition, bovine serum albumin (BSA), and DNA-protective properties of PFPE and identify and quantify the phenolic compounds present in PFPE. The results demonstrated that PFPE exhibited potent antioxidant activity in various radical-scavenging assays, including (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) (DPPH^•), 2,2-azino-bis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS^•), nitric oxide (NO), ferric-reducing/antioxidant power (FRAP), and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). PFPE also displayed antimicrobial activity against several pathogenic bacteria. Similarly, PFPE reduced acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, and α-amylase activities. PFPE has been proven to have an anticancer effect against colon carcinoma (Caco-2), hepatoma (HepG-2), and breast carcinoma (MDA) cancer cells. Apoptosis occurred in PFPE-treated cells in a dose-dependent manner, and cell cycle arrest was observed. Furthermore, in breast cancer cells, PFPE down-regulated Bcl-2 and p21 and up-regulated p53 and Caspase-9. These results show that PFPE constitutes a potential source of polyphenols for pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, and functional food applications. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Bioactive Compounds and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases)

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23 pages, 1664 KiB

Open AccessArticle

A Systematic Ex-Vivo Study of the Anti-Proliferative/Cytotoxic Bioactivity of Major Olive Secoiridoids’ Double Combinations and of Total Olive Oil Phenolic Extracts on Multiple Cell-Culture Based Cancer Models Highlights Synergistic Effects

by Aikaterini Papakonstantinou, Petrina Koumarianou, Panagiotis Diamantakos, Eleni Melliou, Prokopios Magiatis and Haralabia Boleti

Nutrients 2023, 15(11), 2538; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15112538 - 29 May 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 2138

Abstract

Several individual olive oil phenols (OOPs) and their secoiridoid derivatives have been shown to exert anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity in treatments of human cancer cell lines originating from several tissues. This study evaluated the synergistic anti-proliferative/cytotoxic effects of five olive secoiridoid derivatives (oleocanthal, oleacein, oleuropein aglycone, ligstroside aglycone and oleomissional) in all possible double combinations and of total phenolic extracts (TPEs) on eleven human cancer cell lines representing eight cell-culture-based cancer models. Individual OOPs were used to treat cells for 72 h in half of their EC₅₀ values for each cell line and their synergistic, additive or antagonistic interactions were evaluated by calculating the coefficient for drug interactions (CDI) for each double combination of OOPs. Olive oil TPEs of determined OOPs’ content, originating from three different harvests of autochthonous olive cultivars in Greece, were evaluated as an attempt to investigate the efficacy of OOPs to reduce cancer cell numbers as part of olive oil consumption. Most combinations of OOPs showed strong synergistic effect (CDIs < 0.9) in their efficacy, whereas TPEs strongly impaired cancer cell viability, better than most individual OOPs tested herein, including the most resistant cancer cell lines evaluated. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Bioactive Compounds and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases)

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17 pages, 4018 KiB

Open AccessArticle

In Vitro Antitumor and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Allium-Derived Compounds Propyl Propane Thiosulfonate (PTSO) and Propyl Propane Thiosulfinate (PTS)

by Enrique Guillamón, Nuria Mut-Salud, María Jesús Rodríguez-Sojo, Antonio Jesús Ruiz-Malagón, Antonio Cuberos-Escobar, Antonio Martínez-Férez, Alba Rodríguez-Nogales, Julio Gálvez and Alberto Baños

Nutrients 2023, 15(6), 1363; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15061363 - 11 Mar 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1632

Abstract

Increasing rates of cancer incidence and the side-effects of current chemotherapeutic treatments have led to the research on novel anticancer products based on dietary compounds. The use of Allium metabolites and extracts has been proposed to reduce the proliferation of tumor cells by several mechanisms. In this study, we have shown the in vitro anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effect of two onion-derived metabolites propyl propane thiosulfinate (PTS) and propyl propane thiosulfonate (PTSO) on several human tumor lines (MCF-7, T-84, A-549, HT-29, Panc-1, Jurkat, PC-3, SW-837, and T1-73). We observed that this effect was related to their ability to induce apoptosis regulated by oxidative stress. In addition, both compounds were also able to reduce the levels of some pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-8, IL-6, and IL-17. Therefore, PTS and PTSO may have a promising role in cancer prevention and/or treatment. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Bioactive Compounds and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases)

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17 pages, 1360 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Extra-Virgin Olive Oil Enhances the Blood–Brain Barrier Function in Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Trial

by Amal Kaddoumi, Thomas S. Denney, Jr., Gopikrishna Deshpande, Jennifer L. Robinson, Ronald J. Beyers, David T. Redden, Domenico Praticò, Tassos C. Kyriakides, Bonian Lu, Anna N. Kirby, Darren T. Beck and Nancy D. Merner

Nutrients 2022, 14(23), 5102; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14235102 - 01 Dec 2022

Cited by 15 | Viewed by 10797

Abstract

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and early Alzheimer’s disease (AD) are characterized by blood–brain barrier (BBB) breakdown leading to abnormal BBB permeability ahead of brain atrophy or dementia. Previous findings in AD mouse models have reported the beneficial effect of extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) against AD, which improved BBB and memory functions and reduced brain amyloid-β (Aβ) and related pathology. This work aimed to translate these preclinical findings to humans in individuals with MCI. We examined the effect of daily consumption of refined olive oil (ROO) and EVOO for 6 months in MCI subjects on BBB permeability (assessed by contrast-enhanced MRI), and brain function (assessed using functional-MRI) as the primary outcomes. Cognitive function and AD blood biomarkers were also assessed as the secondary outcomes. Twenty-six participants with MCI were randomized with 25 participants completed the study. EVOO significantly improved clinical dementia rating (CDR) and behavioral scores. EVOO also reduced BBB permeability and enhanced functional connectivity. While ROO consumption did not alter BBB permeability or brain connectivity, it improved CDR scores and increased functional brain activation to a memory task in cortical regions involved in perception and cognition. Moreover, EVOO and ROO significantly reduced blood Aβ₄₂/Aβ₄₀ and p-tau/t-tau ratios, suggesting that both altered the processing and clearance of Aβ. In conclusion, EVOO and ROO improved CDR and behavioral scores; only EVOO enhanced brain connectivity and reduced BBB permeability, suggesting EVOO biophenols contributed to such an effect. This proof-of-concept study justifies further clinical trials to assess olive oil’s protective effects against AD and its potential role in preventing MCI conversion to AD and related dementias. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Editorial Board Members' Collection Series: Bioactive Compounds and Chronic Non-communicable Diseases)

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