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Prof. Dr. Mary Miles

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Department of Food Systems, Nutrition, and Kinesiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA
Interests: lipid metabolism; inflammation; functional foods; metabolomics; metabolic syndrome; disease prevention

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Inflammation plays a crucial role in the development of a wide array of chronic diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. Dysfunctional adipose tissue is a common source of prolonged systemic inflammation and underpins mechanisms of disease development linked to obesity. Exercise and or nutrition modification are important therapeutic strategies used to lower inflammation. Randomized clinical trials that elucidate inflammatory outcomes stemming from exercise and or diet prescription in children or adults at risk for inflammation-based disease progression are needed to improve therapeutic outcomes and disease prevention strategies.

This Special Issue of Nutrients welcomes original research articles focused on human clinical trials elucidating exercise and or dietary impacts on systemic inflammation that alter adiposity or adipose tissue inflammation, hepatic lipids, lipid metabolism, gut microbiomes, muscle metabolism, serum or tissue metabolomes, or oxidative stress.

Prof. Dr. Mary Miles
Guest Editor

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Keywords

inflammation
nutrition
exercise/physical activity
cardiometabolic disease
clinical trial

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22 pages, 1745 KiB

Open AccessEditor’s ChoiceArticle

Twelve Weeks of Daily Lentil Consumption Improves Fasting Cholesterol and Postprandial Glucose and Inflammatory Responses—A Randomized Clinical Trial

by Morgan L. Chamberlin, Stephanie M.G. Wilson, Marcy E. Gaston, Wan-Yuan Kuo and Mary P. Miles

Nutrients 2024, 16(3), 419; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu16030419 - 31 Jan 2024

Viewed by 3576

Abstract

Lentils have potential to improve metabolic health but there are limited randomized clinical trials evaluating their comprehensive impact on metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of lentil-based vs. meat-based meals on fasting and postprandial measures of glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation. Thirty-eight adults with an increased waist circumference (male ≥ 40 inches and female ≥ 35 inches) participated in a 12-week dietary intervention that included seven prepared midday meals totaling either 980 g (LEN) or 0 g (CON) of cooked green lentils per week. Linear models were used to assess changes in fasting and postprandial markers from pre- to post-intervention by meal group. Gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms were assessed through a survey randomly delivered once per week during the intervention. We found that regular consumption of lentils lowered fasting LDL (F = 5.53, p = 0.02) and total cholesterol levels (F = 8.64, p < 0.01) as well as postprandial glucose (β = −0.99, p = 0.01), IL-17 (β = −0.68, p = 0.04), and IL-1β (β = −0.70, p = 0.03) responses. GI symptoms were not different by meal group and all symptoms were reported as “none” or “mild” for the duration of the intervention. Our results suggest that daily lentil consumption may be helpful in lowering cholesterol and postprandial glycemic and inflammatory responses without causing GI stress. This information further informs the development of pulse-based dietary strategies to lower disease risk and to slow or reverse metabolic disease progression in at-risk populations. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Exercise and Nutrition Strategies to Counteract Inflammation and Obesity)

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