Microbes Rule Our World-Multilevel Interactions among Humans, Animals and Environment Selected Papers from 41st International Congress of SOMED

A special issue of Biomedicines (ISSN 2227-9059). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbiology in Human Health and Disease".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2022) | Viewed by 4345

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Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Department of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
Interests: microbiome; antimicrobials; antibiotics; biofilms
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues

This Special Issue will be devoted to all aspects of microbiome and its significance and functions in human’s health and disease, animal issues, and finally food and environmental research. Microbial ecosystem is of paramount importance and is mighty dependent on human activities, environmental factors, stress, phytochemicals and antibiotics. The interactions of microbes, the host and the environment create a resilient ecosystem with a plasticity to evolve and alters its composition and its functions. Lately, research has shed light in the significance of normal microflora for tackling potential infections and side effects of antibiotics. Both human and experimental studies regarding different ecosystems, and the affecting factors and various procedures will be elaborated.

Submissions of all articles (original research and reviews) with regards to different microbiomes, their functionality, prevention of diseases, targeted therapies, drugs, nutraceuticals and phytochemicals, epigenetics, antimicrobial properties and generally basic, preclinical and clinical studies covering this multilevel theme, are topics mostly welcome.

Prof. Dr. Eugenia Bezirtzoglou
Dr. Christina Tsigalou
Dr. Yiannis Kourkoutas
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • microbiome
  • health and disease
  • microbial ecosystem
  • infections
  • antibiotics
  • function
  • epigenetics

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

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13 pages, 2036 KiB  
Article
Impact of COVID-19 on the Microbiome and Inflammatory Status of Type 2 Diabetes Patients
by Gratiela Gradisteanu Pircalabioru, Georgiana Alexandra Grigore, Ilda Czobor Barbu, Mariana-Carmen Chifiriuc and Octavian Savu
Biomedicines 2023, 11(1), 179; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines11010179 - 11 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1645
Abstract
The severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has advanced our understanding of the host–microbiome–virus interplay. Several studies in various geographical regions report that SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts the intestinal microbiota, allowing pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae to thrive, and triggering more severe [...] Read more.
The severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has advanced our understanding of the host–microbiome–virus interplay. Several studies in various geographical regions report that SARS-CoV-2 infection disrupts the intestinal microbiota, allowing pathogenic bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae to thrive, and triggering more severe disease outcomes. Here, we profile the microbiota of 30 individuals, 15 healthy controls and 15 type 2 diabetes (T2D) patients, before and after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite similar viral loads in both patients and controls, SARS-CoV-2 infection led to exacerbated microbiome changes in T2D patients, characterized by higher levels of Enterobacteriaceae, loss of butyrate producers and an enrichment in fungi such as Candida spp. and Aspergillus spp. Several members of the microbiota were associated with more severe clinical and inflammatory (IL-8 and IL-17) parameters. Future studies to delineate the connection between cytokine release and microbiota disturbances will enhance our understanding of whether these microbial shifts directly impact the cytokine storm in COVID-19 patients or whether they are consecutive to the critical disease. Full article
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Review

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19 pages, 691 KiB  
Review
The Role of the Microbiome in Connective-Tissue-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease and Pulmonary Vasculitis
by Fotios Drakopanagiotakis, Elisavet Stavropoulou, Christina Tsigalou, Evangelia Nena and Paschalis Steiropoulos
Biomedicines 2022, 10(12), 3195; https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10123195 - 09 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2245
Abstract
The microbiome can trigger and maintain immune-mediated diseases and is associated with the severity and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is the prototype of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The latter can be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with [...] Read more.
The microbiome can trigger and maintain immune-mediated diseases and is associated with the severity and prognosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, which is the prototype of interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). The latter can be a major cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with connective-tissue diseases (CTD). In the present review, we discuss the current evidence regarding microbiome in CTD-ILD and pulmonary vasculitis. In patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the BAL microbiota is significantly less diverse and abundant, compared to healthy controls. These changes are associated with disease severity. In systemic sclerosis (SSc), gastrointestinal (GI)-dysbiosis is associated with ILD. Butyrate acid administration as a means of restoration of GI-microbiota has reduced the degree of lung fibrosis in animal models. Although related studies are scarce for SLE and Sjögren’s syndrome, studies of the gut, oral and ocular microbiome provide insights into the pathogenesis of these diseases. In ANCA-associated vasculitis, disease severity and relapses have been associated with disturbed nasal mucosa microbiota, with immunosuppressive treatment restoring the microbiome changes. The results of these studies suggest however no causal relation. More studies of the lung microbiome in CTD-ILDs are urgently needed, to provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases. Full article
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