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Active Vibration and Noise Control
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Active Vibration and Noise Control

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Acoustics and Vibrations".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2023) | Viewed by 31867

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dongyuan Shi

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
Interests: active noise control; adaptive filtering; machine learning; deep learning
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Woon-Seng Gan

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
Interests: active noise control; adaptive signal processing; psycho-acoustical signal processing; spatial/3D audio processing
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Jihui Aimee Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Audio & Acoustic Signal Processing Group, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
Interests: signal processing; acoustic signal processing; spatial audio; active noise control; test automation

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Active vibration/noise control is widely regarded as an effective method for addressing unwanted vibration and noise, particularly for low-frequency interference. Even after years of development, this technology still faces numerous practical obstacles. Moreover, with many related products (e.g., ANC headphones) achieving great success in the consumer electronic market, this research area has become a novel industrial hotspot that attracts many academic and industrial researchers, each bringing novel ideas and approaches for resolving these challenges.

Many new active vibration/noise control methods have been proposed as solutions to practical challenges. These new techniques, which are deeply integrated within deep learning, spatial acoustic signal processing, etc., offer application-domain benefits that hinder the use of conventional vibration/noise control techniques. Therefore, we cordially invite scholars from related fields to present their new academic research and innovative practical applications.

Dr. Dongyuan Shi
Prof. Dr. Woon-Seng Gan
Dr. Jihui Aimee Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • active vibration control
  • active noise control
  • spatial active noise control
  • deep learning active noise control
  • structure control

Published Papers (21 papers)

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19 pages, 11633 KiB  
Article
Numerical and Experimental Investigations of Particle Dampers Attached to a Pipeline System
by Rui Ma, Fuqiang Shi, Mingxin Juan, Jiao Wang, Jie Jin and Tao Yu
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(24), 13217; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132413217 - 13 Dec 2023
Viewed by 653
Abstract
The structure of pipeline systems is complex, and the working environment is harsh. Under the excitation of the engine equipment foundation and pump fluid, it is easy to generate excessive vibration, which seriously affects the safe operation of the equipment. Particle damping achieves [...] Read more.
The structure of pipeline systems is complex, and the working environment is harsh. Under the excitation of the engine equipment foundation and pump fluid, it is easy to generate excessive vibration, which seriously affects the safe operation of the equipment. Particle damping achieves structural vibration suppression through the principle of particle collision dissipation. Due to the drawbacks of traditional pipeline vibration reduction methods, this article introduces a particle damping technology for pipeline system vibration suppression and designs particle dampers based on the structural characteristics of pipelines. We analyzed the energy dissipation mechanism of particle damping, revealed the influence of the materials, structure, external excitation, and other parameters of the pipeline particle dampers on the energy dissipation characteristics of the particle damping, established a pipeline vibration reduction test system with particle damping, and verified its effectiveness in pipeline system vibration reduction. This study can provide a technical reference for vibration reduction in pipeline systems. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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20 pages, 9621 KiB  
Article
The Numerical Study for the Effect of Stiffness Matching on Wheel–Rail Curve Squeal Noise
by Yanxin Gao, Gongde Zhang, Miaomiao Yuan, Jianyi Ji, Nannan Cui and Shiping Huang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(21), 11615; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132111615 - 24 Oct 2023
Viewed by 683
Abstract
This study delves into the phenomenon of high-frequency squeal noise occurring as trains traverse small-radius curved tracks and investigates the factors influencing wheel–rail curve squeal noise, particularly focusing on stiffness matching. To achieve this, we initially construct a finite element model of the [...] Read more.
This study delves into the phenomenon of high-frequency squeal noise occurring as trains traverse small-radius curved tracks and investigates the factors influencing wheel–rail curve squeal noise, particularly focusing on stiffness matching. To achieve this, we initially construct a finite element model of the wheel–rail friction system using finite element software ABAQUS 2022, validating its accuracy against Coulomb’s friction law. Subsequently, we employ complex eigenvalue analysis to extract the complex eigenvalues and vibration modes of the wheel–rail system, enabling us to study the positions and vibrational patterns associated with squeal noise by analyzing the amplitudes of unstable modes. Finally, we assess the impact of wheel–rail stiffness matching on curve squeal noise, using wheel–rail material stiffness and rail support stiffness as key variables. The outcomes of this study reveal the following insights: (1) Unstable modes closely align with the resonant frequency and mode shape of the wheel and rail. (2) Curve squeal noise primarily emanates from vibrations at the rim, railhead, and rail foot. (3) Wheel and rail stiffness significantly affect squeal noise, with a significant deviation in the elastic modulus between rail and wheel increasing the likelihood of squeal noise, while an optimal ratio of about 1.2 is observed. (4) Rail support stiffness plays a discernible role in controlling curve squeal noise. Theoretically, maintaining an appropriate support stiffness level can minimize the negative damping ratio of unstable modes, providing a viable avenue for curve squeal noise control. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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18 pages, 4347 KiB  
Article
The Effectiveness of Least Mean Squared-Based Adaptive Algorithms for Active Noise Control System in a Small Confined Space
by Francesco Mori, Andrea Santoni, Patrizio Fausti, Francesco Pompoli, Paolo Bonfiglio and Pietro Nataletti
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(20), 11173; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132011173 - 11 Oct 2023
Viewed by 886
Abstract
Active noise control (ANC) is a technique applied to eliminate an unwanted sound by superposing a signal of equal amplitude and opposite phase, sometimes defined as an anti-noise signal, computed through an adaptive algorithm. The study described herein aims to evaluate and compare [...] Read more.
Active noise control (ANC) is a technique applied to eliminate an unwanted sound by superposing a signal of equal amplitude and opposite phase, sometimes defined as an anti-noise signal, computed through an adaptive algorithm. The study described herein aims to evaluate and compare the performance of some of the most popular algorithms based on the least mean squares (LMS) approach applied to a multichannel active noise control system in a small, enclosed space. The comparison is conducted through an experimental evaluation of the ANC algorithms’ performance, carried out on a tractor cabin in a hemi-anechoic chamber, generating the unwanted sound field using a dodecahedron sound source placed outside the enclosure, emitting narrowband and broadband signals. The experimental analysis and the comparison with the results obtained in a free field condition have made it possible to show certain practical limitations when implementing the algorithms. The results show that the feed-forward systems allow for greater stability, avoiding the acoustic feedback from the control loudspeakers to the reference microphone when this is outside the cabin, while the feedback system is the slowest configuration to converge, requiring an internal modeling of the reference signal. With random signals, the feed-forward systems concentrate their performance in the range above 500 Hz, while the feedback system becomes ineffective. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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16 pages, 3437 KiB  
Article
FEM Investigation of a Multi-Neck Helmholtz Resonator
by Nikolaos M. Papadakis and Georgios E. Stavroulakis
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 10610; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910610 - 23 Sep 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 994
Abstract
An increasingly significant area of research with several applications in numerous disciplines is that of multi-neck Helmholtz resonators. This research is set to explore the accuracy and applicability of the finite element method (FEM) for the calculation of the resonance frequency of multi-neck [...] Read more.
An increasingly significant area of research with several applications in numerous disciplines is that of multi-neck Helmholtz resonators. This research is set to explore the accuracy and applicability of the finite element method (FEM) for the calculation of the resonance frequency of multi-neck Helmholtz resonators. The FEM is employed for the estimation of the resonance frequency in various cases of multi-neck Helmholtz resonators: with cylindrical or spherical bodies, with unflanged or flanged necks of various dimensions and with various combinations of the above. Also, single neck resonators are examined. The FEM results are compared with the results of a recently proposed theoretical model available in the literature and with the outcome of the lumped element approximation (multi-neck) accounting for the added neck surface area. Comparisons revealed little deviation between the FEM and theoretical model (less than 1.1% error of calculation for every case). On the contrary, in comparison with the lumped element approximation (multi-neck), the error of calculation is significant (up to 40.3% for the cases examined). The FEM will prove useful in expanding our understanding of how multi-neck Helmholtz resonators perform under various conditions and configurations. The present research, which highlights the applicability of the FEM for the calculations of the resonance frequency of multi-neck Helmholtz resonators, goes a step further; this approach can be applied in special cases where it is not trivial to apply an analytical formula. The method can be used for applications of multi-neck Helmholtz resonators for various fields such as acoustic metamaterials, musical acoustics and noise mitigation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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18 pages, 12911 KiB  
Article
Experimental Study on the Active Control and Dynamic Characteristics of Electromagnetic Active–Passive Hybrid Vibration Isolation System
by Qingwei Zhang, Liangming Zhu, Qi Dong, Jiangbo Sui, Mingwei Sun, Jiangshan Wang and Xiang Yu
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 10565; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910565 - 22 Sep 2023
Viewed by 792
Abstract
Targeting the problems of conventional active–passive hybrid vibration isolation systems, such as low output force, poor bearing capacity, large power loss and inability to withstand strong impacts, this paper proposes an active–passive hybrid vibration isolation system combining an electromagnetic actuator, rubber passive vibration [...] Read more.
Targeting the problems of conventional active–passive hybrid vibration isolation systems, such as low output force, poor bearing capacity, large power loss and inability to withstand strong impacts, this paper proposes an active–passive hybrid vibration isolation system combining an electromagnetic actuator, rubber passive vibration isolator and magnetorheological damper. The overall design of the hybrid vibration isolation system is first introduced. Then, a two-dimensional electromagnetic frequency-domain simulation is carried out on the electromagnetic actuator to obtain the output characteristics. A three-dimensional modeling is conducted to simulate the electromagnetic–mechanical coupling in the time–frequency domain to obtain nephograms of the magnetic flux diffusion distribution and power loss. Then, a dynamic stiffness test is carried out on the rubber vibration isolator to obtain the dynamic stiffness characteristics and the damping angle curve. At the same time, an adaptive suppression filtered-x least mean square (ASFXLMS) algorithm is proposed to adjust the update of the control weight coefficients to ensure that the current signal does not exceed the effective operating range of the actuator when the electromagnetic actuator is subjected to strong external disturbances. Finally, a hybrid vibration isolation system-based active vibration isolation experimental platform is built, and multifrequency line spectra active–passive vibration isolation experiments are carried out. The results demonstrate that the hybrid vibration isolation system has good control effects in the time–frequency domain and shows good robustness when subjected to impact. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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18 pages, 6677 KiB  
Article
Active Low-Frequency Noise Control Implementing Genetic Algorithm on Mode Coupling of a Compound Source
by Marios Giouvanakis, Christos Sevastiadis and George Papanikolaou
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(11), 6740; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13116740 - 01 Jun 2023
Viewed by 2284
Abstract
A system for low-frequency noise control in small, enclosed sound fields is proposed, using compound sound sources optimized by a genetic algorithm (GA). It is the integration of the developed low-Bl driver compound sources with a GA computer program in the Python [...] Read more.
A system for low-frequency noise control in small, enclosed sound fields is proposed, using compound sound sources optimized by a genetic algorithm (GA). It is the integration of the developed low-Bl driver compound sources with a GA computer program in the Python language, aiming to control the modal field. The lack of appropriate free space in small rooms is critical for positioning the secondary sound sources; therefore, the proposed system has been designed to adapt to any available position. Two quadrupole topologies of the secondary compound source are applied and examined in a room. The convergence of the algorithm to the optimal solutions is attained through parametric configuration. The spatial radiation of the compound source at a single fixed position is adapted to couple with the modal noise field and attenuate it. The experimental results indicate that the proposed system can successfully control resonances of different low frequencies down to 50 Hz at multiple positions. The tonal noise attenuation reaches up to 32 dB at 100 Hz, confirming the applicability of the small subwoofer loudspeaker configurations for low-frequency control. This new method offers a practical and effective alternative to the typical abatement techniques that use distributed monopole sources in limited spaces. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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15 pages, 8400 KiB  
Article
A Novel Active Noise Control Method Based on Variational Mode Decomposition and Gradient Boosting Decision Tree
by Xiaobei Liang, Jinyong Yao, Lei Luo, Weifang Zhang and Yanrong Wang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5436; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095436 - 27 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1085
Abstract
Diversified noise sources pose great challenges in the engineering of an ANC (active noise control) system design. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an ANC method based on VMD (variational mode decomposition) and Ensemble Learning. VMD is used to extract IMFs (Intrinsic [...] Read more.
Diversified noise sources pose great challenges in the engineering of an ANC (active noise control) system design. To solve this problem, this paper proposes an ANC method based on VMD (variational mode decomposition) and Ensemble Learning. VMD is used to extract IMFs (Intrinsic Model Functions) of different types of noise and obtain the approximate entropy of each IMF. Clustering analysis on the output of VMD is conducted based on the PCA (principal component analysis) dimension reduction method and k-means++ method to get classification results for different noises. On the basis of the clustering results, different GBDT (gradient boosting decision tree) regressors are constructed for different noise types, in order to create a high-performance ANC system for multiple noise sources. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method, this paper designed four simulation schemes for the ANC: obstacle-free rectangular enclosed space, rectangular enclosed space with obstacle, obstacle-free trapezoidal enclosed space and trapezoidal enclosed space with obstacle. When machine gun noise is used as an example, noise attenuation by the proposed method in four simulation schemes is −23.27 dB, −21.6 dB, −19.08 dB and −15.48 dB respectively. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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15 pages, 2787 KiB  
Article
An Attention-Based Residual Neural Network for Efficient Noise Suppression in Signal Processing
by Tianwei Lan, Liguo Han, Zhaofa Zeng and Jingwen Zeng
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(9), 5262; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13095262 - 23 Apr 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1156
Abstract
The incorporation of effective denoising techniques is a crucial requirement for seismic data processing during the acquisition phase due to the inherent susceptibility of the seismic data acquisition process to various forms of interference, such as random and coherent noise. For random noise, [...] Read more.
The incorporation of effective denoising techniques is a crucial requirement for seismic data processing during the acquisition phase due to the inherent susceptibility of the seismic data acquisition process to various forms of interference, such as random and coherent noise. For random noise, the Residual Neural Network (Resnet), with its notable ability to effectively suppress noise in seismic data, has garnered widespread utilization in removing unwanted disturbances or interference due to its elegant simplicity and outstanding performance. Despite the considerable advancements achieved by conventional Resnet in the field of suppressing noise, it is irrefutable that there is still room for amelioration in their ability to filter out unwanted disturbances. As a result, this paper puts forth a novel attention-based methodology for Resnet, intended to overcome the present constraints and attain an optimal seismic signal enhancement. Specifically, we add the convolutional block attention module (CBAM) after the convolutional layer of the residual module and add channel attention on the shortcut connections to filter out the disturbance. We replace the commonly used ReLU activation function in the network with ELU, which is better suited for suppressing seismic noise. Empirical assessments conducted on both synthetic and authentic datasets have demonstrated the efficacy of the proposed methodology in amplifying the denoising prowess of Resnet. Our proposed method remains stable even when dealing with seismic data that has complex waveforms. The findings of this investigation evince that the recommended approach furnishes a substantial augmentation in the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), thereby facilitating the efficient and robust extraction of the underlying signal from the noisy observations. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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19 pages, 5423 KiB  
Article
Design and Implementation of an Active Vibration Control Algorithm Using Servo Actuator Control Installed in Series with a Spring-Damper
by Soo-Min Kim, Dae W. Kim and Moon K. Kwak
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(5), 3349; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13053349 - 06 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 4271
Abstract
The membrane-type air spring can be used to suppress lateral vibration of a vibration isolation table. However, compared to voice coil actuators, pneumatic actuators are difficult to use for precise vibration control, because servo valves have nonlinear dynamic characteristics. Therefore, actuators, such as [...] Read more.
The membrane-type air spring can be used to suppress lateral vibration of a vibration isolation table. However, compared to voice coil actuators, pneumatic actuators are difficult to use for precise vibration control, because servo valves have nonlinear dynamic characteristics. Therefore, actuators, such as voice coil actuators, can be placed in parallel with air springs, allowing force-type actuators to provide additional force to the system. These actuators generate force. In the case of a ball-screw mechanism device or a linear servomotor, it is an actuator that generates displacement. These actuators are represented as serial active systems. Serial active systems are structurally simpler than parallel active systems. However, there are very few studies on vibration isolation systems using serial active systems compared to parallel active systems. As the two are different types of systems, a new control algorithm suitable for the serial active system is needed. This study proposes a system in which an actuator capable of accurately controlling displacement is connected in series with a support spring-damper. A new active vibration control algorithm for the proposed control system is also developed, which is termed the position input and position output. The proposed control algorithm uses the displacement of the system as an input and outputs the desired displacement of the actuator installed in series with the damper and spring. The proposed control algorithm increases the damping at the target frequency and reduces the response of the system. Numerical studies and experiments were conducted on the single-degree-of-freedom and multi-degree-of-freedom systems. The results show the efficacy of the proposed control system and the novel control algorithm for the vibration suppression of the lateral vibration of a vibration isolation table. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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29 pages, 3494 KiB  
Article
Developing a New Filtered-X Recursive Least Squares Adaptive Algorithm Based on a Robust Objective Function for Impulsive Active Noise Control Systems
by Muhammad Tahir Akhtar
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2715; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042715 - 20 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1352
Abstract
It is well-known that performance of the classical algorithms for active noise control (ANC) systems severely degrades when implemented for controlling the impulsive sources. The objective of this paper is to propose a new recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm (and its variant) for [...] Read more.
It is well-known that performance of the classical algorithms for active noise control (ANC) systems severely degrades when implemented for controlling the impulsive sources. The objective of this paper is to propose a new recursive least squares (RLS) algorithm (and its variant) for being implemented in the framework of ANC systems. The proposed RLS-based adaptive algorithm employs an objective function designed to achieve robustness against the impulse type sources. The derivation of the algorithm is quite straightforward; however, a few modifications have been incorporated to address the application at hand. In order to improve upon the numerical stability issue of RLS-based adaptation, it is suggested to employ smoothing while updating the inverse correlation matrix. Furthermore, it is proposed to introduce a step size in the update equation of the adaptive algorithm. This results in the fixed step-size modified filtered-x (MFx) robust RLS (FSS-MFxRRLS) algorithm. As expected, a fixed value step size results in a trade-off situation for convergence speed and steady-state misalignment. In order to address this issue of a trade-off situation, the idea of a convex combined step size (CCSS) is introduced into the adaptive procedure to develop the CCSS-MFxRRLS algorithm. When the ANC is started, the CCSS strategy (automatically) selects a large-valued step size to achieve a fast initial convergence. As the ANC system converges at the steady-state, the CCSS is automatically tuned to a small value which improves the steady-state performance of the proposed CCSS-MFxRRLS algorithm. Extensive simulations have been designed to mimic many scenarios for practical applications of ANC for impulsive sources. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed CCSS-MFxRRLS algorithm is very effective in many practical scenarios involving ANC of impulsive sources. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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14 pages, 3977 KiB  
Article
A New Effective Narrowband Active Noise Control System for Accommodating Frequency Mismatch
by Tiannan Yao, Chen Li, Ping Yu, Jiacheng Ji and Jing Wang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2416; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042416 - 13 Feb 2023
Viewed by 1198
Abstract
Narrowband active noise control (NANC) has shown excellent performance in dealing with the low frequency periodic noise generated by rotating machines, such as fans, engines and power transformers. Accommodating large frequency mismatch (FM) and improving its tracking capability is required for the NANC [...] Read more.
Narrowband active noise control (NANC) has shown excellent performance in dealing with the low frequency periodic noise generated by rotating machines, such as fans, engines and power transformers. Accommodating large frequency mismatch (FM) and improving its tracking capability is required for the NANC system. The existence of FM influences the noise cancellation performance. In this paper, a frequency correction algorithm based on least mean p-power (LMP) combined with the autoregressive (AR) model is designed for the NANC system, which is simple and feasible, and has a good performance under a large step size. In the NANC system, the reference signal is handled by a delay unit and AR model, and the coefficients of the AR model are adjusted by the LMP algorithm, which fine-tunes the coefficients and offers the reference signals to the NANC system. The stability bounds for the step size parameter have also been derived in the mean sense. The designed mechanism converges fast and enhances the noise decrement. Extensive simulations are performed to demonstrate the superior performance of the proposed NANC in dealing with periodic noises. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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17 pages, 11229 KiB  
Article
An Aeroacoustic Study of Full-Scale and Small-Scale Generic Landing Gear Models with Identical Geometry
by Victor Kopiev, Ivan Belyaev, Mikhail Zaytsev and Kun Zhao
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2295; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042295 - 10 Feb 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1033
Abstract
The paper reports on the results of acoustic measurements of full-scale and small-scale generic landing gear models, which have identical geometry and differ only by their scales. The large-scale landing gear models were simplified and lack small geometric details, which for the first [...] Read more.
The paper reports on the results of acoustic measurements of full-scale and small-scale generic landing gear models, which have identical geometry and differ only by their scales. The large-scale landing gear models were simplified and lack small geometric details, which for the first time allows their results to be directly compared with those for the small-scale models of the same geometry. It is shown that after application of the scaling procedure to their noise spectra, the normalized results for broadband noise of the landing gear models of different scales are in good agreement with each other. This result seems to support the feasibility of developing technologies for low-frequency noise reduction of landing gears based on small-scale tests and allowing refinement of semi-empirical models of noise prediction for different landing gear elements. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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21 pages, 11457 KiB  
Article
Prediction of the Absorption Characteristics of Non-Uniform Acoustic Absorbers with Grazing Flow
by Yang Ou and Yonghui Zhao
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2256; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042256 - 09 Feb 2023
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1072
Abstract
In this paper, planar and the cylindrical broadband non-uniform acoustic absorbers were constructed, both of which use broadband absorption units (BAUs) as their building blocks. The impedance boundary Navier–Stokes equation (IBNSE) method was developed to predict the absorption characteristics of the lined duct [...] Read more.
In this paper, planar and the cylindrical broadband non-uniform acoustic absorbers were constructed, both of which use broadband absorption units (BAUs) as their building blocks. The impedance boundary Navier–Stokes equation (IBNSE) method was developed to predict the absorption characteristics of the lined duct with non-uniform acoustic absorbers, in which each small piece of perforated plate is acoustically equivalent to a semi-empirical impedance model through the boundary condition. A total of four semi-empirical impedance models were compared under different control parameters. The full Navier–Stokes equation (FNSE) method was used to verify the accuracy of these impedance models. It was found that the IBNSE method with the Goodrich model had the highest prediction accuracy. Finally, the planar and the cylindrical non-uniform acoustic absorbers were constructed through spatial extensions of the BAU. The transmission losses and the absorption coefficients of the rectangular duct–planar acoustic absorber (RDPAA) and annular duct–cylindrical acoustic absorber (ADCAA) systems under grazing flow were predicted, respectively. The results demonstrated that the broadband absorption of the designed non-uniform acoustic absorbers was achieved. The developed IBNSE method with Goodrich model was accurate and computationally efficient, and can be used to predict the absorption characteristics of an acoustically treated duct in the presence of grazing flow. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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18 pages, 4429 KiB  
Article
A Two-Stage Rolling Bearing Weak Fault Feature Extraction Method Combining Adaptive Morphological Filter with Frequency Band Selection Strategy
by Jun Li, Hongchao Wang, Simin Li, Liang Chen and Qiqian Dang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 668; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010668 - 03 Jan 2023
Viewed by 1514
Abstract
To extract the weak fault features hidden in strong background interference in the event of the early failure of rolling bearings, a two-stage based method is proposed. The broadband noise elimination ability of an adaptive morphological filter (AMF) and the superior capability of [...] Read more.
To extract the weak fault features hidden in strong background interference in the event of the early failure of rolling bearings, a two-stage based method is proposed. The broadband noise elimination ability of an adaptive morphological filter (AMF) and the superior capability of a frequency band selection (FBS) strategy for fault transient location identification are comprehensively utilized by the proposed method. Firstly, the AMF with a simple theory and high calculation efficiency is used as a preprocessing program to enhance the fault transient features. Then, the proposed FBS strategy based on the sparsity index (SI) is utilized to further handle the filtered signal processed by the AMF. Finally, the constructed optimum bandpass filter based on the analysis result of the FBS is used to further filter the handled signal processed by AMF and envelope spectral analysis is applied on the last filtered signal to realize the ideal fault feature extraction effect. Compared with the other traditional FBS methods based on kurtosis or the other index, the proposed FBS strategy based on SI has strong robustness to noise. One experimental signal and one engineering vibration signal are used, respectively, to verify the feasibility of the proposed method. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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15 pages, 5356 KiB  
Article
Seismic Data Denoising Based on Wavelet Transform and the Residual Neural Network
by Tianwei Lan, Zhaofa Zeng, Liguo Han and Jingwen Zeng
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 655; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010655 - 03 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2018
Abstract
The neural network denoising technique has achieved impressive results by being able to automatically learn the effective signal from the data without any assumptions. However, it has been found experimentally that the performance of the method using neural networks gradually decreases with increasing [...] Read more.
The neural network denoising technique has achieved impressive results by being able to automatically learn the effective signal from the data without any assumptions. However, it has been found experimentally that the performance of the method using neural networks gradually decreases with increasing pollution levels when processing contaminated seismic data, and how to improve the performance will become the direction of further development of the method. As a traditional method widely used for tainted seismic data, the wavelet transform can effectively separate the signal from the noise. Thus, we propose a method combining wavelet transform and a residual neural network that achieves good results in suppressing random noise data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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17 pages, 6728 KiB  
Article
Laboratory Test of a Vehicle Active Noise-Control System Based on an Adaptive Step Size Algorithm
by Tao Jiang, Jiang Liu, Cheng Peng and Shuliang Wang
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(1), 225; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13010225 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2409
Abstract
NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) is a key factor affecting vehicle comfort. Compared with traditional sound absorption and isolation methods, active noise control (ANC) offers a significant advantage in solving the problem of low- and medium-frequency noise from road surfaces. However, the classic [...] Read more.
NVH (noise, vibration, and harshness) is a key factor affecting vehicle comfort. Compared with traditional sound absorption and isolation methods, active noise control (ANC) offers a significant advantage in solving the problem of low- and medium-frequency noise from road surfaces. However, the classic filtered-x least mean squares (FxLMS) algorithm is ineffective in terms of adapting to different road noises to ensure a stable noise reduction effect when facing the complex and changeable noise environment of moving vehicles. Therefore, an adaptive step size algorithm (ASSFxLMS) is proposed in this paper, which can adjust the step size according to the size of the reference signal to ensure the stability of the adaptive process. In order to improve the performance of the algorithm, a particle swarm optimization algorithm is also used to automatically adjust the parameters, so that the step size of the adaptive algorithm always maintains a relatively ideal size. The simulated pulse noise of standard SαS distribution was used as the reference signal for the simulation. The simulation results show that compared with other algorithms, the proposed algorithm under different degrees of pulse noise conditions, noise reduction stability, and noise reduction amplitude are improved. In order to further verify the feasibility of the algorithm in vehicle road noise reduction, this paper also conducted a hardware-in-the-loop noise reduction experiment in the laboratory, employing the road noise data collected by the real vehicle. Under different interior noise conditions, the proposed active noise-control system has a maximum noise reduction effect of 12 dB for low-frequency noise below 100 Hz. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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22 pages, 9005 KiB  
Article
Vibration Suppression for Flexible Plate with Tunable Magnetically Controlled Joint Stiffness/Damping
by Wei Hu, Jianming Wu, Qinghua Zhu, Jie Shen and Xunjiang Zheng
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(22), 11483; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211483 - 11 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1338
Abstract
Large flexible solar panels have the properties of light weight, low stiffness, and weak damping, which leads to low-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations. The existing vibration control methods of solar panels mainly adopt intelligent piezoelectric structures. However, the disadvantage is that the large stroke [...] Read more.
Large flexible solar panels have the properties of light weight, low stiffness, and weak damping, which leads to low-frequency and large-amplitude vibrations. The existing vibration control methods of solar panels mainly adopt intelligent piezoelectric structures. However, the disadvantage is that the large stroke drive and control are limited. In the present study, a semi-active vibration control approach is proposed for flexible space solar panels based on magnetically controlled joints. The magnetic stiffness comes from the linear relationship between the joint output torque and rotation angle. The magnetic damping stems from the eddy current damping resulting from the relative motion between the permanent magnet rotor and the stator core of the joint. Firstly, the coupling dynamic modeling of a flexible plate and magnetic joints is established by adopting the Lagrange equation and the assumed mode approach. Secondly, semi-active vibration control simulations of the coupled system are performed. Meanwhile, the influence of the variable joint stiffness on the system frequency-shift effect is studied. Finally, the experimental platform is built, and simultaneously, non-contact permanent magnets and airflow are used to simulate single- and multi- frequency excitations, respectively. The experimental results indicate that, in the range of 0.06–0.343 Hz, magnetic damping is the leading factor with magnetic stiffness being the auxiliary. Additionally, it is also experimentally verified that the dual joint actuation has good synchronization. This study provides a new solution for the low-frequency vibration control of large flexible space structures. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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19 pages, 4319 KiB  
Article
Average Energy Transfer Characteristics and Control Strategy of Active Feedback Sound Insulation for Water-Filled Acoustic System Based on Double-Layer Plate Structure
by Likang Wang, Rui Huo, Shuqing Liu, Yuanbo Li and Dewen He
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(22), 11482; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122211482 - 11 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1076
Abstract
The double-layer plate structure in passive sound insulation systems can improve the high-frequency sound insulation performance, but it is still not ideal in the low-frequency region. The actuator of the active sound insulation system can adjust the stiffness and damping in real time, [...] Read more.
The double-layer plate structure in passive sound insulation systems can improve the high-frequency sound insulation performance, but it is still not ideal in the low-frequency region. The actuator of the active sound insulation system can adjust the stiffness and damping in real time, with strong adaptability and adjustability. Therefore, in this paper, active actuators and feedback control strategy are applied to a double-layer plate structure to improve the low-frequency sound insulation performance of a water-filled acoustic cavity system. The theoretical model of a sound insulation system with a double-layer plate structure and active feedback control strategy is established for a water-filled acoustic cavity. The average energy transfer is used as an evaluation index for the active sound insulation effect of the system, and the calculation method of this index is derived. Then, the MATLAB numerical simulation is used to analyze the effect of six feedback control parameters on the average energy transfer of the system. Finally, it is concluded that when the feedback parameters are within the effective range, all six feedback control methods can produce significant effects on the low-frequency sound insulation of the system, but the effective range of some parameters is narrow. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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15 pages, 9605 KiB  
Article
Horizontal Active Noise Control Based on Wave Field Reproduction Using a Single Circular Array in 3D Space
by Sangwoo Ha, Jungwoo Kim, Hyun-guk Kim and Semyung Wang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(20), 10245; https://doi.org/10.3390/app122010245 - 12 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1418
Abstract
In this paper, we propose horizontal active noise control (ANC) using two-dimensional wave field information alone. By reducing the control space to a horizontal plane, the number of microphones and speakers was considerably reduced compared with ANC systems using three-dimensional wave field information. [...] Read more.
In this paper, we propose horizontal active noise control (ANC) using two-dimensional wave field information alone. By reducing the control space to a horizontal plane, the number of microphones and speakers was considerably reduced compared with ANC systems using three-dimensional wave field information. The radii of the reference, microphone, and loudspeaker array were determined based on the wave field reproduction error. Accordingly, the simulation and experimental results of the proposed ANC system were presented based on the use of five microphones and loudspeakers using conventional ANC algorithms. Overall, an average noise reduction of 20 dB was observed inside the microphone array with a radius of 0.5 m for tonal noise at 200 Hz. This performance is acceptable with a drastically reduced number of microphones and speakers. The findings of this study, along with further research conducted in a reverberant room, represent a significant contribution to global ANC commercialization. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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18 pages, 7079 KiB  
Article
A Self-Adaptive Vibration Reduction Method Based on Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (DDPG) Reinforcement Learning Algorithm
by Xin Jin, Hongbao Ma, Jian Tang and Yihua Kang
Appl. Sci. 2022, 12(19), 9703; https://doi.org/10.3390/app12199703 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2264
Abstract
Although many adaptive techniques for active vibration reduction have been designed to achieve optimal performance in practical applications, few are related to reinforcement learning (RL). To explore the best performance of the active vibration reduction system (AVRS) without prior knowledge, a self-adaptive parameter [...] Read more.
Although many adaptive techniques for active vibration reduction have been designed to achieve optimal performance in practical applications, few are related to reinforcement learning (RL). To explore the best performance of the active vibration reduction system (AVRS) without prior knowledge, a self-adaptive parameter regulation method based on the DDPG algorithm was examined in this study. The DDPG algorithm is unsuitable for a random environment and prone to reward-hacking. To solve this problem, a reward function optimization method based on the integral area of the decibel (dB) value between transfer functions was investigated. Simulation and graphical experimental results show that the optimized DDPG algorithm can automatically track and maintain optimal control performance of the AVRS. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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12 pages, 3001 KiB  
Technical Note
Flow-Induced Noise Characteristics Analysis of a Pipeline Structure in a Cabin Rigid Corner
by Weihua Chen, Luyun Chen, Hong Yi and Jianshuai Dong
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(21), 11772; https://doi.org/10.3390/app132111772 - 27 Oct 2023
Viewed by 616
Abstract
The acoustic radiation characteristics of pipeline structures caused by turbulent fluctuating pressure are among the most important acoustic radiation sources in vessel cabins. Studying the vibro-acoustic characteristics of pipeline structures is of great relevance to engineering. The turbulence fluctuation pressure of pipeline structures’ [...] Read more.
The acoustic radiation characteristics of pipeline structures caused by turbulent fluctuating pressure are among the most important acoustic radiation sources in vessel cabins. Studying the vibro-acoustic characteristics of pipeline structures is of great relevance to engineering. The turbulence fluctuation pressure of pipeline structures’ inner surfaces was numerically analyzed by using the large eddy simulation (LES) method. At first, the vibro-acoustic differential equation of the pipeline structure system was derived by defining the fluctuation pressure as the excitation loading. According to the acoustic radiation characteristic in the quarter-infinite space, which had a combination of two rigid wall interfaces at the same time for the pipeline structures in the vessel cabins, the double reflection method, mirror image method and elastic wave Graf addition principle were applied, and the analytical function of the acoustic radiation for the cylindrical shell was derived. For the pipeline structures in the quarter-infinite acoustic space, for example, the numerical calculation for the acoustic radiation of cylindrical shell was carried out, which was excited by the turbulent pulsating pressure. Finally, the influence of inner flow velocity, frequency, and pipeline installation position were compared using numerical analysis. The results can provide technical support for the acoustic design of pipeline structure systems with complex acoustic boundaries. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Active Vibration and Noise Control)
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