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Nutrients
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Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Behavior for Prevention of Chronic Diseases
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Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Behavior for Prevention of Chronic Diseases

A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutritional Epidemiology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 September 2023) | Viewed by 5614

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Frédéric Dutheil

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Professional Pathology, Health Work Environment Department, Université Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Interests: sport nutrition
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Dongliang Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Interests: phytochemicals; atherosclerosis; lipid metabolism; inflammation; immunometabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Chronic diseases, especially non-communicable diseases (NCDs), such as heart disease, cancer, chronic respiratory diseases and diabetes, are the leading causes of death worldwide and represent an emerging global health threat. Dietary patterns and lifestyle factors play a significant role in the prevention of chronic diseases. Many chronic diseases are preventable because they are associated with poor diet and lifestyle choices, including smoking, excessive alcohol consumption and insufficient physical activity. Both undernutrition and overnutrition have a negative impact on the development of disease, and it may be that the combination is worse. The purpose of this Special Issue is to discuss the latest research on how diet and lifestyle can help prevent chronic diseases.

Prof. Dr. Frédéric Dutheil
Prof. Dr. Dongliang Wang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Nutrients is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • chronic diseases
  • dietary
  • lifestyle
  • non-communicable diseases
  • nutrition
  • prevention

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 256 KiB  
Article
Behaviors Related to Limiting Fat Intake among Young Adults in Saudi Arabia
by Walaa Abdullah Mumena, Lamar Haitham Owaidhah, Ruba Abdulrahman Alsaadi, Nada Mohammed Aljuhani, Laila Sulaiman Almehmadi and Hebah Alawi Kutbi
Nutrients 2023, 15(21), 4540; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15214540 - 26 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1077
Abstract
Young adults tend to frequently consume foods that are high in fat. Efforts to limit the consumption of fat among the Saudi population have been initiated; however, data concerning current behaviors related to limiting fat intake are lacking. We aimed to explore behaviors [...] Read more.
Young adults tend to frequently consume foods that are high in fat. Efforts to limit the consumption of fat among the Saudi population have been initiated; however, data concerning current behaviors related to limiting fat intake are lacking. We aimed to explore behaviors related to limiting fat intake and to investigate the association with fat intake among young adults in Saudi Arabia. In this cross-sectional study, a total of 305 students aged ≥19 years were recruited from Taibah University, Madinah. Face-to-face interviews were conducted to collect data concerning sociodemographic status, behaviors related to limiting fat intake, and fat intake. The median score of behaviors related to limiting fat intake was significantly higher among females and supplement users compared to other groups. Healthy weight, overweight, and obese students reported a significantly higher score of behaviors related to limiting fat intake, compared to underweight students. Males who reported making an effort to limit the consumption of fatty foods consumed less total fat, saturated fat, monounsaturated fat, and polyunsaturated fat, while those who reported reading the nutrition fact labels of food products consumed more polyunsaturated fat. Females who reported reading nutrition fact labels consumed less saturated fat. Efforts to limit fat intake have been noted especially among females; however, these efforts were not linked to fat intake among young adults in Saudi Arabia. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Behavior for Prevention of Chronic Diseases)
13 pages, 1532 KiB  
Article
Diet and Other Modifiable Factors in Long-Term Decline of Kidney Function: Observational and Population-Based Cohort Study
by Massimo Cirillo, Giancarlo Bilancio, Carmine Secondulfo, Oscar Terradura-Vagnarelli, Antonio Pisani, Eleonora Riccio and Martino Laurenzi
Nutrients 2023, 15(20), 4337; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15204337 - 11 Oct 2023
Viewed by 845
Abstract
Background: Lower physical activity, lower alcohol intake, higher protein intake, higher sodium intake, and lower potassium intake related to greater kidney function decline over time, according to previous studies. The present study aimed to analyze the cumulative effects of these factors. Methods: This [...] Read more.
Background: Lower physical activity, lower alcohol intake, higher protein intake, higher sodium intake, and lower potassium intake related to greater kidney function decline over time, according to previous studies. The present study aimed to analyze the cumulative effects of these factors. Methods: This prospective, observational, population-based cohort study included 3039 adult examinees of the Gubbio study who participated in the baseline exam and 15-year follow-up exam. Kidney function was evaluated as estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). Habitual physical activity in leisure time and habitual alcohol intake were assessed by questionnaires; dietary intakes of protein, sodium, and potassium were assessed by urinary markers. Based on previous reports, each one of the five modifiable factors was scored 0 for the tertile associated with smaller eGFR decline (low risk), 2 for the tertile associated with greater eGFR decline (high risk), and 1 for the intermediate tertile (intermediate risk). A cumulative score was calculated as the sum of the factor-specific scores and used as the main independent variable. Results: The cumulative score ranged from 0 to 10, that is, from low risk for all factors to high risk for all factors (skewness = 0.032, mean ± SD = 5 ± 2). To avoid the bias of low-n analyses, score 0 was re-coded as 1 and score 10 was recoded as 9; after re-coding, the cumulative score ranged from 1 to 9 (skewness = 0.016, mean ± SD = 5 ± 2). The cumulative score related to annualized eGFR change in multi-variable linear regression (slope = −0.027, 95%CI = −0.039/−0.014, p < 0.001); findings were consistent in apparently healthy examinees and other subgroups. De novo incidence of eGFR < 60 mL/min × 1.73 m2 was higher along the cumulative score (p < 0.001). Compared to score 1 (n examinees = 35, adjusted incidence = 2.0%), incidence of low kidney function was 4.5 times higher in score 5 (n examinees = 624, adjusted incidence = 8.9%) and 6.5 times higher in score 9 (n examinees = 86, adjusted incidence = 12.9%). The cumulative score related to incidence of low kidney function in multi-variable logistic regression (odds ratio = 1.19, 95%CI = 1.08/1.32, p < 0.001). Conclusions: The combination of five modifiable factors predicted large differences in long-term incidence of low kidney function. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Behavior for Prevention of Chronic Diseases)
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13 pages, 304 KiB  
Article
Gender Disparities in Osteoporosis Knowledge, Health Beliefs and Preventive Behaviors in Najran City, Saudi Arabia
by Heba A. Ibrahim, Mohammed H. Nahari, Mugahed A. Al-khadher, Nemat I. Ismail and Wafaa T. Elgzar
Nutrients 2023, 15(16), 3658; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15163658 - 21 Aug 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1436
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease affecting both men and women, but it is more prevalent in women. Promoting a healthy lifestyle among adults, particularly women, is crucial in preventing and reducing the osteoporosis impact. This study aimed to compare the osteoporosis knowledge, [...] Read more.
Osteoporosis is a chronic bone disease affecting both men and women, but it is more prevalent in women. Promoting a healthy lifestyle among adults, particularly women, is crucial in preventing and reducing the osteoporosis impact. This study aimed to compare the osteoporosis knowledge, health beliefs and preventive behaviors among adult male and female in Najran city Saudi Arabia. This cross-sectional study was performed on 516 males and 581 females in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, from January to April 2023. The data collection instrument is a self-reported online questionnaire consisting of basic data, the Osteoporosis Preventive Behavior (OPB) scale, the osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool, and the osteoporosis health belief scale. The results revealed that male participants had a higher OPB (26.70) than females (20.32). However, females have a higher knowledge (10.71), perceive themselves as more susceptible to osteoporosis (20.34) and had higher exercise barriers (20.11) compared to males (9.97, 18.79 and 19.20, respectively). Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.001) were observed between OPB, osteoporosis knowledge (r = 0.26), perceived susceptibility (r = 0.33), severity (r = 0.53), exercise (r = 0.54) and calcium (r = 0.33) benefits, exercise (r = 0.40) and calcium (r = 0.81) barriers and health motivation (r = 0.37). The study concluded significant disparities between males and females regarding osteoporosis-related knowledge, preventive behaviors, perceived susceptibility, severity, and exercise perceived barriers. The results suggest gender-based educational interventions to enhance OPB by addressing osteoporosis-related knowledge, perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefits, and health motivation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Behavior for Prevention of Chronic Diseases)
11 pages, 301 KiB  
Article
Determinant of Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors among Perimenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study to Explore the Role of Knowledge and Health Beliefs
by Wafaa T. Elgzar, Mohammed H. Nahari, Samiha H. Sayed and Heba A. Ibrahim
Nutrients 2023, 15(13), 3052; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu15133052 - 6 Jul 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1776
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a silent chronic disease, and many people did not discover it until they were diagnosed with a fracture. Therefore, regular scanning and appropriate Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors (OPB) are the management cornerstone. OPB is strongly affected by personal knowledge and health beliefs. [...] Read more.
Osteoporosis is a silent chronic disease, and many people did not discover it until they were diagnosed with a fracture. Therefore, regular scanning and appropriate Osteoporosis Preventive Behaviors (OPB) are the management cornerstone. OPB is strongly affected by personal knowledge and health beliefs. This study explores the role of knowledge and health beliefs as determinants of OPB among perimenopausal women. This cross-sectional study was performed on 1075 perimenopausal women in Najran City, Saudi Arabia, from January 2023 to March 2023. The data collection instrument is a self-reported questionnaire consisting of basic data, the OPB scale, an osteoporosis knowledge assessment tool, and the osteoporosis health belief scale. The current study results showed that approximately one-quarter (27.8%) of the study participants had high OPB with an overall mean of 20.83 ± 5.08 grade. The group practicing high OPB demonstrated a higher knowledge mean (11.37 ± 2.99) than the low OPB group (9.93 ± 3.51). In addition, all health beliefs constructs significantly differed among the low and high OPB groups (p ˂ 0.05). The participant’s age, occupational status, educational level, attendance of training courses, and history of bone fractures were significantly associated with high OPB. Osteoporosis knowledge, perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, exercises’ perceived benefits, and health motivations are positive predictors of high OPB (p ˂ 0.05). The study concluded that osteoporosis-related knowledge and health beliefs—especially perceived susceptibility, perceived seriousness, exercises’ perceived benefits, and health motivations—are positive predictors of high OPB. The health belief model can be an effective tool used to determine high-risk groups who practice low OPB and build need-based educational interventions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Lifestyle Behavior for Prevention of Chronic Diseases)
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