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Dietary Intake and Obesity in Youth

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A special issue of Nutrients (ISSN 2072-6643). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (20 August 2021) | Viewed by 12727

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Prof. Julie Bienertova-Vasku

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Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment, Masaryk University, Kamenice A29, Brno, Czech Republic
Interests: Adipokines; Nutritional and Metabolic Diseases; Pathophysiology; Nutrition; Adipose Tissue; Molecular Physiology

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Childhood and adolescence represent unique, highly dynamic periods of growth and development that form the basis for future wellbeing and productivity in adulthood. There is no doubt that appropriate dietary intake in this time window is critical for forming good eating habits later in life. Appropriate dietary intake provides the nutrients required for growth, cognitive development and adequate sexual development. A very large proportion of the population worldwide falls within the category of school age or adolescence, and it is imperative to learn more about the dietary intake as well as eating habits of these individuals. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to the importance of nutrition early in life, including the fetal period. However, less is known about the role of dietary intake in the subsequent phases of development. The presence of both negative and positive energy balance in the same populations of children and adolescents may indicate that novel approaches and strategies are needed to successfully address possible manifestations of under- and overnutrition.

The aim of this Special Issue is to update knowledge on dietary intake in childhood and adolescence, with a special emphasis on the role of dietary intake in these age groups in obesity development and/or therapy.

Prof. Julie Bienertova-Vasku
Guest Editor

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Keywords

dietary intake
obesity
youth
adolescence
growth
trajectory

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

9 pages, 270 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Association of Picky Eating with Weight and Height—The European Longitudinal Study of Pregnancy and Childhood (ELSPAC–CZ)

by Marketa Grulichova, Daniela Kuruczova, Jan Svancara, Hynek Pikhart and Julie Bienertova-Vasku

Nutrients 2022, 14(3), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030444 - 19 Jan 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2591

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether preschool children identified as picky eaters showed differences in anthropometric characteristics (weight and height) from their non-picky peers at 15 years of age. Design: This study was performed among the cohort members of the EL- SPAC–CZ study, a longitudinal study of pregnancy and childhood. The analysis included 2068 children (997 girls and 1071 boys) followed between births and 15 years of age. Picky eaters were identified at 1.5, 3, and 5 years of age. Anthropometric characteristics were measured at 15 years of age (15 years). Results: Picky eaters (n = 346; 16.7%) had a lower weight and height than non-picky eaters (n = 1722; 83.3%) at 15 years. This difference in weight and height was maintained after controlling for sex of the child, birth weight, birth length, maternal education, family structure at 15 years, and maternal age at childbirth. The picky children were on average 2.3 kg lighter and 0.8 cm shorter than non- picky children at 15 years. Conclusions: Persistent picky eating in preschool children is related to lower weight and height at 15 years of age in ELSPAC–CZ study. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Obesity in Youth)

14 pages, 278 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Facilitators and Barriers to Implementing Healthy School Canteen Intervention among Malaysian Adolescents: A Qualitative Study

by Nurul Ain Azizan, Angeliki Papadaki, Tin Tin Su, Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin, Shooka Mohammadi, Maznah Dahlui, Mohd Nahar Azmi Mohamed and Hazreen Abdul Majid

Nutrients 2021, 13(9), 3078; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13093078 - 1 Sep 2021

Cited by 5 | Viewed by 7010

Abstract

This study evaluated implementing a school-based intervention to promote healthier dietary habits in the school environment among Malaysian adolescents using qualitative methods. This qualitative study was conducted in four secondary schools in Perak and Selangor (two urban and two rural schools) that received the intervention (either training or training and food subsidy). A total of eight focus groups (68 students aged 15 years old) and 16 in-depth interviews were conducted with canteen operators, school convenience shop operators, school teachers and school principals in each school. Thematic analysis was used to analyse the qualitative data to identify suitable themes. We found several initiatives and changes by the schools’ stakeholders to change to a healthy school canteen programme. The stakeholders also noticed the students’ food preferences that influence healthy food intake in canteens and convenience shops. The food vendors and school administrators also found that subsidising healthy meals might encourage healthy eating. Among barriers to implementing healthy school initiatives were the student’s perception of healthy food and their eating habits, which also affect the food vendors’ profit if they want to implement a healthy canteen. The school-based intervention has the potential to promotes healthier eating among school adolescents. Continuous training and monitoring of canteen operators and convenience shops are needed, including building partnerships and educating the students on healthy eating to cultivate healthy eating habits. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Obesity in Youth)

14 pages, 1692 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Soy Isoflavones Intake and Obesity in Chinese Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study in Shanghai, China

by Junjie Zhu, Qi Zhao, Yun Qiu, Yue Zhang, Shuheng Cui, Yuting Yu, Bo Chen, Meiying Zhu, Na Wang, Xing Liu, Yonggen Jiang, Wanghong Xu and Genming Zhao

Nutrients 2021, 13(8), 2715; https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13082715 - 6 Aug 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2479

Abstract

This study was designed to examine the association of soy isoflavones (SI) intake with different body measurements indicative of obesity in Chinese adults of Shanghai, a population consuming foods rich in SI. This study used baseline data from the Shanghai Gaofeng cohort study. SI intake was measured by using a self-reported food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). A restricted cubic spline (RCS) was performed to examine the possible nonlinear relationship of SI intake with obesity. A logistic regression model was applied to estimate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Compared with the lowest tertile group of SI intake, the highest tertile group had a lower prevalence of obesity and central obesity. The OR for overall obesity was 0.91 (95% CI: 0.85, 0.98) in the highest versus the lowest SI tertile group; the associations differed by sex and menopausal status. A negative association was also observed between SI intake and central obesity, and a significant modifying effect of sex was found on the association. No significant interactions were observed between SI intake and physical activity (PA) levels. Our results suggest that Chinese adults with higher dietary intake of SI may be less likely to be obese, particularly for postmenopausal women. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Dietary Intake and Obesity in Youth)

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