Dear Colleagues,

Over last 20 years, advances in drug therapy strategies targeting prostaglandin I2 (PGI2), endothelin receptor antagonists, and phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors have significantly improved prognosis in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Pulmonary hypertension caused by respiratory disease is classified into group 3 of the World Health Organization functional classification (WHO-FC). The major causative diseases of this disease are fibrosing interstitial lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or chronic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema. The treatment utilized for pulmonary hypertension caused by respiratory disease has two major problems. First, detecting the development of pulmonary hypertension during the course of chronic respiratory disease is difficult and is often delayed. In addition, compared with pulmonary hypertension with other etiologies, vasodilator therapy is less effective and the risk of adverse events such as ventilation–perfusion mismatch is greater. On the other hand, the efficacy of inhaled treprostinil therapy for pulmonary with interstitial lung disease has been proven in a multicenter, randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled, 16-week trial (N Engl J Med. 2021; 384: 325–334).

This Special Issue aims to provide an open forum for those attempting to answer these questions, whether by reporting research or by providing comments for review articles. We look forward to receiving your submissions.

Dr. Masaki Okamoto
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

• pulmonary hypertension
• interstitial lung disease
• chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
• chronic pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema
• vasodilator
• hemodynamics