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Medicina
Special Issues
Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition in Women and Children
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Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition in Women and Children

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Endocrinology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 December 2023) | Viewed by 4551

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Alexandra C. Sima

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Guest Editor
Second Department of Internal Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Interests: type 1 diabetes mellitus; fatty liver disease; gestational diabetes; healthy eating
Prof. Dr. Bogdan Timar

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Guest Editor
Department of Functional Sciences, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Interests: type 1 diabetes mellitus; heart failure; pathogenesis of diabetes; technology in diabetes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Adrian Vlad

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Second Department of Internal Medicine, "Victor Babes" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Timisoara, Romania
Interests: epidemiology; children; type 1 diabetes; chronic kidney disease
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Diabetes mellitus remains a health issue that represents a burden for society, patients, and healthcare professionals because of its increasing prevalence and its consequences on patients’ wellbeing. In addition to diabetes, related metabolic diseases are contributing to the poor outcomes of patients and are leading to difficulties regarding management. One of the probable causes of diabetes mellitus and other metabolic diseases is the “modern” lifestyle that includes significant changes in diet and level of physical activity compared to the patterns practiced by people 50 years ago. Treating diabetes and metabolic diseases requires a multidisciplinary approach and a complex strategy. Special population groups, such as women and children, raise even more problems because of several particularities including age and physiological situation.

The aim of this Special Issue is to attract authors working in the field of diabetes and metabolic disease, with a special interest in women and children.

We are seeking research papers, reviews, meta-analyses, and case reports.

Dr. Alexandra C. Sima
Prof. Dr. Bogdan Timar
Dr. Adrian Vlad
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

 

Keywords

  • diabetes mellitus
  • gestational diabetes
  • dyslipidemia
  • diabetes in children
  • healthy lifestyle
  • medical nutrition therapy

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

10 pages, 2642 KiB  
Article
Preoperative Lateralization and Diagnostic Value of Selective Bilateral Internal Jugular Venous Sampling in Primary Hyperparathyroidism: Single-Center Experience
by Anastasija Solodjankina, Aina Kratovska, Sanita Ponomarjova, Patricija Ivanova and Reza Mohammadian
Medicina 2024, 60(3), 507; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60030507 - 19 Mar 2024
Viewed by 644
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is a common endocrine disorder caused by excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to elevated calcium levels. Diagnosis is primarily based on biochemical evaluation, and surgery is the curative treatment. Imaging techniques like ultrasound and [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is a common endocrine disorder caused by excessive production of parathyroid hormone (PTH) leading to elevated calcium levels. Diagnosis is primarily based on biochemical evaluation, and surgery is the curative treatment. Imaging techniques like ultrasound and Tc-99m Sestamibi scintigraphy are used for localization, but selective Internal Jugular Venous (SVS) becomes valuable in cases of inconclusive or conflicting results. This study evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of SVS for localizing parathyroid adenomas in cases where non-invasive radiological diagnostic methods yielded inconclusive results or negative findings despite clinical symptoms suggestive of pHPT. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, a total of 28 patients diagnosed with pHPT underwent SVS at a tertiary center known for receiving referrals from 2017 to 2022. The diagnoses were confirmed through biochemical analysis. The SVS results in 22 patients were compared with non-invasive imaging methods, including ultrasound, scintigraphy, and computed tomography with/without contrast material. SVS was indicated when at least two non-invasive diagnostic procedures failed to clearly localize the parathyroid glands or provided ambiguous results. Results: SVS demonstrated higher sensitivity for localizing parathyroid adenomas compared to non-invasive imaging methods, accurately lateralizing the adenoma in 68.18% of cases. Among the SVS findings, 31.8% of patients had negative results, with 9.1% not having clinically proven parathyroid adenoma, while 22.7% had false negative SVS findings but were later confirmed to have adenoma during surgery. Ultrasound correctly identified the location in 45.45% of cases, CT in 27.27%, and scintigraphy in 40.9%. Conclusions: SVS is a valuable diagnostic tool for accurately localizing parathyroid adenomas in patients with inconclusive non-invasive imaging results. It aids in targeted surgical interventions, contributing to improved management and treatment outcomes in primary hyperparathyroidism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition in Women and Children)
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14 pages, 316 KiB  
Article
Role of Nutritional Habits during Pregnancy in the Developing of Gestational Diabetes: A Single-Center Observational Clinical Study
by Jelena Trifunovic-Kubat, Predrag Sazdanovic, Milos Ilic, Djordje Filipovic, Tamara Nikolic Turnic and Sladjana Mihajlovic
Medicina 2024, 60(2), 317; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60020317 - 13 Feb 2024
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Abstract
(1) Background and Objective: Excessive gestational weight gain is associated with serious complications such as pre-eclampsia, fetal macrosomia and a more frequent need for cesarean section. The aim of this study is to develop a simple screening model that includes maternal age, [...] Read more.
(1) Background and Objective: Excessive gestational weight gain is associated with serious complications such as pre-eclampsia, fetal macrosomia and a more frequent need for cesarean section. The aim of this study is to develop a simple screening model that includes maternal age, BMI and nutritive habits in the second trimester in order to predict the risk of GDM in the population of pregnant women in the territory of the Republic of Serbia. (2) Materials and Methods: This single-center, prospective and case–control study was performed in the University Clinical Center “Dr. Dragisa Misovic Dedinje”, Belgrade, Serbia and included 54 women with singleton pregnancies during the second trimester from July 2023 to November 2023. We used basic demographic and socio-epidemiological data, as well as data of the present comorbidities and previous pregnancies/births. The Serbian version of the Nutritive Status Questionnaire (NSQ) was used to estimate the nutritive habits in GDM (n = 22) and non-GDM groups (n = 32). (3) Results: We observed less frequent vegetable and fruit consumption in the GDM group in comparison with the non-GDM group; meat and chicken intake was 2–3 times per week in both groups; meat products were consumed 2–3 times per week in the GDM group and 2–3 times per month in the non-GDM group; milk products were consumed once a day in 31.8% of GDM patients and twice per day in 24.1% of non-GDM patients. Sweets (cakes, ice creams, biscuits) were consumed very often (2–3 times per week) in the GDM group (36.4%), while in the non-GDM group this habit was less frequent (26.7%). Cronbach alpha and internal consistency for this instrument were very good (Cronbach alpha = 0.87). (4) Conclusions: We have found that a non-adequate intake of fruits/vegetables, dairy and whole grain, as well as an excessive intake of sugar/artificially sweetened beverages and dairy, was associated with a higher risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (OR = 0.04; 95% CI). Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition in Women and Children)
9 pages, 704 KiB  
Article
Visfatin and Retinol Binding Protein-4 in Young-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
by Ya-Li Huang, Yen-Lin Chen, Jiunn-Diann Lin, Dee Pei, Pietro Pitrone, Jin-Shuen Chen and Chung-Ze Wu
Medicina 2023, 59(7), 1278; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59071278 - 09 Jul 2023
Viewed by 1117
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents has increased rapidly in recent decades. However, the role of adipokines on pathophysiology in young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (YDM) is not clear. In this article, we explored the relationships [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus in adolescents has increased rapidly in recent decades. However, the role of adipokines on pathophysiology in young-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (YDM) is not clear. In this article, we explored the relationships between the adipokines (visfatin and retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4)) and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in both YDM and late-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (ODM). Materials and Methods: There were 36 patients with YDM (23.6 ± 4.8 years) and 36 patients with ODM (54.3 ± 10.1 years) enrolled. Visfatin, RBP4, and MetS components were measured. The relationships between visfatin, RBP4 and MetS components were assessed in YDM and ODM. Results: The visfatin, but not the RPB4 level, was significantly higher in YDM than in ODM. After adjusting for age and body mass index, visfatin was not related to any MetS components except that there was a negative correlation with fasting plasma glucose (FPG). As for RPB4, triglyceride was found to be positively and FPG negatively related to RBP4 in YDM. However, in ODM, the only positive relationship that existed was between RBP4 and diastolic blood pressure. Conclusions: In conclusion, both visfatin and RBP4 had certain roles in diabetes and MetS although their relationships were different in YDM and ODM. Further studies are needed to explore their physiological and pathological effects in glucose metabolism. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition in Women and Children)
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15 pages, 533 KiB  
Article
Concurrent Aerobic and Strength Training with Caloric Restriction Reduces Insulin Resistance in Obese Premenopausal Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial
by Yasser M. Aneis, Ghada E. El Refaye, Mona Mohamed Taha, Monira I. Aldhahi and Hany F. Elsisi
Medicina 2023, 59(7), 1193; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina59071193 - 24 Jun 2023
Viewed by 1427
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Obese premenopausal women are at high risk of developing insulin resistance (IR). Concurrent aerobic and strength training (CAST) has been shown to provide remarkable advantages, yet its effects, along with caloric restriction in such a high-risk population, are not [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Obese premenopausal women are at high risk of developing insulin resistance (IR). Concurrent aerobic and strength training (CAST) has been shown to provide remarkable advantages, yet its effects, along with caloric restriction in such a high-risk population, are not yet established. This study aimed to investigate the impact of concurrent aerobic and strength training with caloric restriction (CAST-CR) on IR in obese premenopausal women. Materials and Methods: Forty-two obese premenopausal women with reported IR, aged 40–50 years, were randomly allocated to either the (CAST-CR) intervention group, who underwent CAST with caloric restriction, or the (AT-CR) control group, who received aerobic training in addition to caloric restriction. Both groups completed 12 weeks of controlled training with equivalent training time. Aerobic training began at 60% and gradually progressed to achieve 75% of the maximum heart rate, while strength training was executed at 50% to 70% of the one-repetition maximum (1RM). Anthropometric measures, abdominal adiposity, metabolic parameters, and homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were evaluated prior to and following the intervention. Results: Both groups experienced a substantial enhancement in the selected parameters compared to the baseline (p < 0.001), with higher improvement within the CAST-CR group. The changes in HOMA-IR were −1.24 (95%CI, −1.37 to −1.12) in the CAST-CR group vs. −1.07 (95%CI, −1.19 to −0.94) in the AT-CR group. Conclusions: While AT-CR improved insulin sensitivity in premenopausal women who were obese and hyperinsulinemic, CAST with calorie restriction improved insulin sensitivity more significantly, suggesting it as a preferable alternative. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diabetes, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition in Women and Children)
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