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Special Issue "Biomaterials for Dental and Orthopedic Applications"

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A special issue of International Journal of Molecular Sciences (ISSN 1422-0067). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 November 2023) | Viewed by 1853

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Dr. Lia Rimondini

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Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale “UPO”, Vercelli, Italy
Interests: biomaterials; dental materials; tissue regeneration; tissue engineering; oral medicine; bacterial biofilm; anti-infective technologies
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Dr. Elena Varoni

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Guest Editor

Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
Interests: oral medicine; biomaterials; nutrition; oral health
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Biomaterials play a crucial role in dental and orthopedic applications for tissue regeneration and substitution. These materials are designed to interact with biological systems, providing support and restoring or replacing damaged or diseased tissues; thus, they have a fundamental role in regenerative medicine.

The most commonly used biomaterials, for dental and orthopedic applications, include metals and alloys as well as ceramics, polymers, composites, and nature-derived materials.

The selection of the most appropriate biomaterial depends on the specific application, desired physico-chemical properties, and the biological response obtained for tissue regeneration or substitution. Researchers and clinicians continually explore new types of biomaterial and new fabrication techniques, in order to improve patient outcomes, longevity of implants, and overall success rates.

In this Special Issue, we invite scientists to submit original research papers, reviews, and perspectives on the personalized and precise application of new materials intended for dental and orthopedic applications. Both preclinical and clinical studies will be appreciated. The main aim is to explore the latest advancements and challenges in the development of innovative biomaterials that offer patient-tailored solutions for dental and orthopedic interventions.

Topics of interest include but are not limited to:

Customized and patient-specific materials for dental and orthopedic implants;
Additive manufacturing (3D printing) of personalized biomaterials;
Precision medicine approaches in the design of biomaterials for individualized treatments;
Biomaterials for regenerative dentistry and orthopedics;
Personalized drug delivery systems for dental and orthopedic applications;
Bioactive and bioresorbable materials tailored to patient needs;
Surface modifications and coatings for enhanced biocompatibility and functionality;
Novel biomaterials for tissue engineering and scaffolding in dental and orthopedic contexts;
Advanced imaging techniques and computational modeling for personalized material design;
Nanomaterials for dental and orthopedics applications;
Clinical studies and case reports on the outcomes and performance of personalized biomaterials.

Dr. Lia Rimondini
Dr. Elena Varoni
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. International Journal of Molecular Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. There is an Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal. For details about the APC please see here. Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

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Research

20 pages, 7144 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Viability of Collagen Matrix Grafts Associated with Nanohydroxyapatite and Elastin in Bone Repair in the Experimental Condition of Ovariectomy

Renato de Moraes

Ana Maria de Guzzi Plepis

Virgínia da Conceição Amaro Martins

Claudio Fernandes Garcia

Ewerton Alexandre Galdeano

Fernanda Latorre Melgaço Maia

Eduardo Gomes Machado

Marcelo de Azevedo e Souza Munhoz

Daniela Vieira Buchaim

Victor Augusto Ramos Fernandes

Rodrigo Alves Beraldo

Rogerio Leone Buchaim

and

Marcelo Rodrigues da Cunha

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(21), 15727; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115727 - 29 Oct 2023

Viewed by 636

Abstract

Bone lesions have the capacity for regeneration under normal conditions of the bone metabolism process. However, due to the increasing incidence of major traumas and diseases that cause bone-mineral deficiency, such as osteoporosis, scaffolds are needed that can assist in the bone regeneration process. Currently, natural polymeric scaffolds and bioactive nanoparticles stand out. Therefore, the objective of the study was to evaluate the osteoregenerative potential in tibiae of healthy and ovariectomized rats using mineralized collagen and nanohydroxyapatite (nHA) scaffolds associated with elastin. The in-vivo experimental study was performed with 60 20-week-old Wistar rats, distributed into non-ovariectomized (NO) and ovariectomized (O) groups, as follows: Controls (G1-NO-C and G4-O-C); Collagen with nHA scaffold (G2-NO-MSH and G5-O-MSH); and Collagen with nHA and elastin scaffold (G3-NO-MSHC and G6-O-MSHC). The animals were euthanized 6 weeks after surgery and the samples were analyzed by macroscopy, radiology, and histomorphometry. ANOVA and Tukey tests were performed with a 95% CI and a significance index of p < 0.05. In the histological analyses, it was possible to observe new bone formed with an organized and compact morphology that was rich in osteocytes and with maturity characteristics. This is compatible with osteoconductivity in both matrices (MSH and MSHC) in rats with normal conditions of bone metabolism and with gonadal deficiency. Furthermore, they demonstrated superior osteogenic potential when compared to control groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of new bone formation between the scaffolds. Ovariectomy did not exacerbate the immune response but negatively influenced the bone-defect repair process. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Dental and Orthopedic Applications)

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15 pages, 3771 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Synergistic Enhancement of Protein Recruitment and Retention via Implant Surface Microtopography and Superhydrophilicity in a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(21), 15618; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms242115618 - 26 Oct 2023

Viewed by 419

Abstract

The exact mechanisms by which implant surface properties govern osseointegration are incompletely understood. To gain insights into this process, we examined alterations in protein and blood recruitment around screw implants with different surface topographies and wettability using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model. Compared with a smooth surface, a microrough implant surface reduced protein infiltration from the outer zone to the implant thread and interface zones by over two-fold. However, the microrough implant surface slowed blood flow in the interface zone by four-fold. As a result, compared with the smooth surface, the microrough surface doubled the protein recruitment/retention index, defined as the mass of proteins present in the area per unit time. Converting implant surfaces from hydrophobic to superhydrophilic increased the mass of protein infiltration 2–3 times and slowed down blood flow by up to two-fold in the implant vicinity for both smooth and microrough surfaces. The protein recruitment/retention index was highest at the implant interface when the implant surface was superhydrophilic and microrough. Thus, this study demonstrates distinct control of the mass and speed of protein and blood flow through implant surface topography, wettability, and their combination, significantly altering the efficiency of protein recruitment. Although microrough surfaces showed both positive and negative impacts on protein recruitment over smooth surfaces, superhydrophilicity was consistently positive regardless of surface topography. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Dental and Orthopedic Applications)

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27 pages, 5069 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Mitochondrial Redox Balance of Fibroblasts Exposed to Ti-6Al-4V Microplates Subjected to Different Types of Anodizing

Anna Zalewska

Bożena Antonowicz

Julita Szulimowska

Izabela Zieniewska-Siemieńczuk

Barbara Leśniewska

Jan Borys

Sara Zięba

Paula Kostecka-Sochoń

Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska

and

Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24(16), 12896; https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms241612896 - 17 Aug 2023

Viewed by 538

Abstract

Despite the high biocompatibility of titanium and its alloys, the need to remove titanium implants is increasingly being debated due to the potential for adverse effects associated with long-term retention. Therefore, new solutions are being sought to enhance the biocompatibility of titanium implants. One of them is to increase the thickness of the passive layer of the implant made of titanium dioxide. We were the first to evaluate the effect of hard-anodized (type II) Ti-6Al-4V alloy discs on the cytotoxicity, mitochondrial function, and redox balance of fibroblasts mitochondria compared to standard-anodized (type III) and non-anodized discs. The study used fibroblasts obtained from human gingival tissue. The test discs were applied to the bottom of 12-well plates. Cells were cultured for 24 h and 7, 14, and 21 days and mitochondria were isolated. We demonstrated the occurrence of oxidative stress in the mitochondria of fibroblasts of all tested groups, regardless of the presence and type of anodization. Type II anodization prevented changes in complex II activity (vs. control). The lowest degree of citrate synthase inhibition occurred in mitochondria exposed to titanium discs with type II anodization. In the last phase of culture, the presence of type II anodization reduced the degree of cytochrome c oxidase inhibition compared to the other tests groups and the control group, and prevented apoptosis. Throughout the experiment, the release of titanium, aluminium, and vanadium ions from titanium discs with a hard-anodized passive layer was higher than from the other titanium discs, but decreased with time. The obtained results proved the existence of dysfunction and redox imbalance in the mitochondria of fibroblasts exposed to hard-anodized titanium discs, suggesting the need to search for new materials perhaps biodegradable in tissues of the human body. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Biomaterials for Dental and Orthopedic Applications)

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