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Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "F: Electrical Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 February 2024) | Viewed by 5877

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Power Electronics and Automation of Energy Processing Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology Stanisław Staszic in Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Interests: electrical drives; control theory

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Guest Editor
Department of Power Electronics and Automation of Energy Processing Systems, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Automatics, Computer Science and Biomedical Engineering, AGH University of Science and Technology Stanisław Staszic in Kraków, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Interests: electrical machines; induction motors; control

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Guest Editor
Department of Power Electronics and Automation of Energy Transformation Systems, AGH University of Krakow, 30-059 Kraków, Poland
Interests: power quality; smart grids; distributed energy resources; energy control systems
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The creation of a carbon-neutral economy is practically carried out through the electrification of the propulsion of road vehicles, flying apparatus, ships, trains, industrial machinery, and agricultural machinery. A critical element of this particular electric revolution is electric machines—motors and generators. It is estimated that electric machines are responsible for over 90% of the world's electricity production and over 50% of its total use. The modern electrical machines were developed as a result of more than 100 years of development and could now be considered mature products. Nevertheless, in order to achieve global net-zero emission targets, electric machines must be significantly improved in terms of unit power, efficiency, and reliability. Achieving these objectives also requires appropriate control of electrical machines, ensuring that the power and efficiency of electrical machines and drives are also maintained in their dynamic states.

This Special Issue aims to present and disseminate the latest advanced developments related to the theory, design, modeling, analysis, power supply, control, and optimization of controllers, measurement and observation of state variables, and condition monitoring of all types of rotating and linear electrical machines.

Topics of interest for publication include:

  • Design optimization of electrical machines, using analytical and numerical methods, rotating machines as well as linear motors.
  • Multi-physics design of electrical machines including their electromagnetic, thermal, and mechanical aspects.
  • New materials for electrical machines.
  • Finite element modeling and performance analysis of radial, axial, and transverse flux motors and generators.
  • Heat transfer in electrical machines—thermal calculations by analytical and numerical methods.
  • Analysis of power loss in electrical machines and reliability of electrical machines, especially in the context of distorted power supply and increased operating temperature.
  • DC Excited Flux Switching Machines (DCEFSM), Transverse Flux Permanent Magnet Machine (TFPMM) and other switchable machines—design, modeling, power supply, and control systems.
  • Power electronics—construction of advanced motor power systems, analysis of power systems, and methods of controlling them.
  • Artificial intelligence methods in the design of electrical machines or their control systems and power electronics.
  • Electric motor control systems for drives:
  • Advanced control structures.
  • Standard control structures—improving control performance indexes and analyzing drive system operation.
  • Analysis of automatic control systems for electrical machines.
  • Improve drive efficiency—machine, power electronics, and control.

The optimization of controllers' settings of standard drive control structures is a taboo subject; the formulas or general rules are rarely given, but we are waiting for them.

Dr. Grzegorz Sieklucki
Dr. Tomasz Drabek
Prof. Dr. Zbigniew Hanzelka
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (6 papers)

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28 pages, 3684 KiB  
Article
Artificial Intelligence for the Control of Speed of the Bearing Motor with Winding Split Using DSP
by José Raimundo Dantas Neto, José Soares Batista Lopes, Diego Antonio De Moura Fonsêca, Antonio Ronaldo Gomes Garcia, Jossana Maria de Souza Ferreira, Elmer Rolando Llanos Villarreal and Andrés Ortiz Salazar
Energies 2024, 17(5), 1029; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17051029 - 22 Feb 2024
Viewed by 501
Abstract
This article describes the study and digital implementation of a system onboard a TMS 3208F28335 ® DSP for vector control of the bearing motor speed with four poles split winding with 250 W of power. Smart techniques: ANFIS and Neural Networks were investigated [...] Read more.
This article describes the study and digital implementation of a system onboard a TMS 3208F28335 ® DSP for vector control of the bearing motor speed with four poles split winding with 250 W of power. Smart techniques: ANFIS and Neural Networks were investigated and computationally implemented to evaluate the bearing motor performance under the following conditions: operating as an estimator of uncertain parameters and as a speed controller. Therefore, the MATLAB program and its toolbox were used for the simulations and the parameter adjustments involving the structure ANFIS (Adaptive-Network-Based Fuzzy Inference System) and simulations with the Neural Network. The simulated results showed a good performance for the two techniques applied differently: the estimator and a speed controller using both a model of the induction motor operating as a bearing motor. The experimental part for velocity vector control uses three control loops: current, radial position, and speed, where the configurations of the peripherals, that is, the interfaces or drivers for driving the bearing motor. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control)
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25 pages, 5681 KiB  
Article
Field-Oriented Control of a Nine-Phase Cage Induction Generator with Large Speed Changes and Variable Load
by Dariusz Cholewa and Piotr Drozdowski
Energies 2024, 17(4), 790; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17040790 - 6 Feb 2024
Viewed by 476
Abstract
This paper presents a voltage control system for multiphase squirrel-cage induction generators operating at a high variability of speed and variable load. Field-oriented vector control was used with a change in the sequence of the stator phase currents what changes the number of [...] Read more.
This paper presents a voltage control system for multiphase squirrel-cage induction generators operating at a high variability of speed and variable load. Field-oriented vector control was used with a change in the sequence of the stator phase currents what changes the number of poles of the magnetic field produced by nine-phase stator winding. At low speeds, the current sequence is changed so that the number of poles increases allowing for the desired voltage to be obtained with greater efficiency. The task of the automatic control system was to control the DC voltage to a desired value at the output of the multiphase PWM converter. This is an alternative control method to the scalar control of voltage and frequency presented in a previous work. The control method and parameters of the automatic control system result from the mathematical model of the multiphase induction machine. The results of the laboratory tests were compared with the effects of the operation of the same nine-phase scalar controlled generator. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control)
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13 pages, 12419 KiB  
Article
Experimental Design of an Innovative Electromechanical System for Induction Heating-Based Air Heating: Exploring Temperature Dynamics and Energy Efficiency
by Gafar Mansoor and Yanbo Che
Energies 2023, 16(22), 7573; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16227573 - 14 Nov 2023
Viewed by 1019
Abstract
The energy efficiency of supplies is crucial for the energy economy. The development of new and more efficient air heaters is a relevant topic for various industrial applications. In the formulation of air heating using a novel and flexible electromechanical system that accomplishes [...] Read more.
The energy efficiency of supplies is crucial for the energy economy. The development of new and more efficient air heaters is a relevant topic for various industrial applications. In the formulation of air heating using a novel and flexible electromechanical system that accomplishes heating air to varying temperatures, this study examines the efficacy of using induction heating as a fundamental component of air heating systems and focuses on the effective heating of moving metal parts by electromagnetic coupling, thereafter transmitting the generated heat to the experimental facilities. The study delved into an exploration of numerous factors within a closed system, encompassing aspects such as area, temperature, and energy. Using a full-bridge ZVS circuit with an inductive coil design, fan speed variations and temperature measurements were systematically carried out to investigate the impact of induction heating on temperature changes within the given experimental setups. The results of an experiment conducted in a half-cubic-meter enclosed environment reveal significant temperature fluctuations with the varying velocities of moving metal elements, presenting a maximal rate of 17.7 degrees Celsius per hour and an efficiency factor of 64.15%. With continued refinement, this innovative technology has the potential to become an energy-efficient alternative to conventional heating techniques for a variety of applications, including industrial operations and residential heating. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control)
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16 pages, 2317 KiB  
Article
Derating of Squirrel-Cage Induction Motors Due to High Harmonics in Supply Voltage
by Tomasz Drabek
Energies 2023, 16(18), 6604; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16186604 - 13 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1097
Abstract
This paper presents the results of load capacity calculations for three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors supplied with distorted voltage with rotating harmonics. The calculations were made on the basis of a commonly used model of an induction machine. The difference from many papers is [...] Read more.
This paper presents the results of load capacity calculations for three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors supplied with distorted voltage with rotating harmonics. The calculations were made on the basis of a commonly used model of an induction machine. The difference from many papers is that the parameters of the equivalent circuit of each motor were precisely determined in terms of power losses in the motor. The load capacity of the motors was made dependent on the load power losses in the rotor cage. These losses were determined on the basis of short-circuit measurements of motors, made for frequencies equal to harmonic frequencies. Measurements and calculations were made for low-voltage squirrel-cage motors with rated powers of 4–65 kW and various efficiency classes. Calculations have shown that the calculated derating curves do not match the curves given in IEC 60034-17 and NEMA MG1. The differences are up to 15% for IE1 and IE2 motors and more than 50% for IE3 motors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control)
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21 pages, 1522 KiB  
Article
Robust Proportional–Integral Sliding Mode Control for Induction Motors with Input Time Delay
by Saulo Crnkowise Garcia, Lucas Carvalho Souza, Luciano de Souza da Costa e Silva and Falcondes José Mendes de Seixas
Energies 2023, 16(15), 5804; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16155804 - 4 Aug 2023
Viewed by 704
Abstract
This paper proposes a control strategy applied to a three-phase induction motor (TIM) subject to parametric uncertainties, perturbations, and input time delay, whose primary objective is to achieve high-performance speed–torque control. The control design involves a predictive sliding mode observer (P-SMO) and a [...] Read more.
This paper proposes a control strategy applied to a three-phase induction motor (TIM) subject to parametric uncertainties, perturbations, and input time delay, whose primary objective is to achieve high-performance speed–torque control. The control design involves a predictive sliding mode observer (P-SMO) and a robust proportional–integral sliding mode control (PISM), aimed at reducing the detrimental effects of time delay and perturbations. The proposed control strategy’s effectiveness is investigated through computational simulations, carried out for different scenarios, whose distinctions focus on the consideration of delay in the feedback signals, the predictive character of the sliding mode observer, and the type of controller used. The presented results show the superior performance of the PISM controller compared with the classic PI controller for all tested scenarios. In the test scenario that considers the transport delay in the feedback signals, the sliding mode observer (SMO) without prediction does not stabilize the system, requiring the application of P-SMO to ensure stability and accurate tracking of the TIM speed reference. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control)
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39 pages, 1286 KiB  
Systematic Review
Multidisciplinary Design Automation of Electric Motors—Systematic Literature Review and Methodological Framework
by Niklas Umland, Kora Winkler and David Inkermann
Energies 2023, 16(20), 7070; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16207070 - 12 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1452
Abstract
Electric motor development is a challenging task, as higher efficiency requirements and various interdependencies between different engineering domains must be considered. Established design approaches often lack the ability to address these interdependencies because they focus on specific domains and properties. Automated, multidisciplinary design [...] Read more.
Electric motor development is a challenging task, as higher efficiency requirements and various interdependencies between different engineering domains must be considered. Established design approaches often lack the ability to address these interdependencies because they focus on specific domains and properties. Automated, multidisciplinary design approaches hold untapped potential for optimizing motors in terms of diverse requirements and advancing the development of more efficient and reliable motors. This paper presents a systematic literature review of the current state of research in the multidisciplinary design automation of electric motors. The literature basis comprises 1005 publications that are identified by a systematic internet search. The review of the existing approaches is based on twelve criteria that characterize the design automation task in general, such as knowledge representation or reasoning methods used, as well as criteria specific to electric motor design, such as domains considered and their coupling. The analysis reveals what current approaches are lacking: Consequent analysis and integration of domains, applicability of suggested methods, incorporation of established multidisciplinary design optimization (MDO) architectures, alongside the consideration of passive components in the motor. Aside from the introduction of twelve criteria for systematic charaterization of multidisciplinary design automation of electric motors, this article expands the state of the art by proposing an initial framework to establish process chains tackling the identified gaps in the review. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Electrical Machines Design and Control)
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