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Applied Sciences
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Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings
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Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings

A special issue of Applied Sciences (ISSN 2076-3417). This special issue belongs to the section "Materials Science and Engineering".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 September 2023) | Viewed by 18408

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Peng Han

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Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology (Beijing), Beijing 100083, China
Interests: corrosion inhibition; theoretical calculation; inhibitor-coating system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Haobo Yu

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 100089, China
Interests: corrosion; inhibition; simulation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Huiwen Tian

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
State Key Laboratory of Corrosion and Antifouling, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China
Interests: nanomaterials; intelligent coating; marine corrosion
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Yujie Qiang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: corrosion inhibitor; anti-corrosion coatings; 2D materials; hybrid multifunctional nanomaterials; self-assembled film; electrochemistry; molecular modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The Special Issue aims to shed light on the recent progress and advances in the usage of engineered corrosion inhibitors and protective coatings to protect metallic materials against corrosion in different corrosive environments. We will prioritize the publication of studies related to the following research content, but the Special Issue will not be limited to these aspects:

  • Design, preparation and performance evaluation;
  • Advanced test technology and research methods;
  • Mechanism of action and failure analysis;
  • Research on sterilization and scale resistance properties;
  • Research on new corrosion inhibitors such as nanomaterials and plant extracts;
  • Advanced intelligent coatings;
  • Research on the mechanism of corrosion coatings;
  • Research on the application of corrosion inhibitors or coatings in oil, chemical industry, electric power, transportation and other fields.

Dr. Peng Han
Dr. Haobo Yu
Dr. Huiwen Tian
Prof. Dr. Yujie Qiang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Applied Sciences is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • environment-friendly
  • corrosion
  • interface
  • inhibition
  • coating

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (7 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 13414 KiB  
Article
Determination of Corrosion Rate in Galvanized Pipes in Centralized Hot Water Supply Systems
by Nikolay Makisha and Valentin Chukhin
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(19), 10564; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910564 - 22 Sep 2023
Viewed by 1167
Abstract
To counteract possible corrosion, steel pipes are coated with a protective layer of zinc with a thickness of 20 to 85 microns, depending on the requirements of regulatory documentation. It is proven that hot-deposited zinc can effectively protect steel surfaces for 20 to [...] Read more.
To counteract possible corrosion, steel pipes are coated with a protective layer of zinc with a thickness of 20 to 85 microns, depending on the requirements of regulatory documentation. It is proven that hot-deposited zinc can effectively protect steel surfaces for 20 to 120 years. However, in centralized hot water supply (CHWS) systems, the period of protective action can decrease to two to three years, with further damage to the zinc layer and the appearance of fistulas. In order to counteract adverse factors, it is necessary to take into account the operating mode and design features of the system, the properties of the coating, and the environment in which the pipes operate. In this article, the main attention is paid to the study of the behavior of zinc coating. The protective properties and corrosion rate of zinc coating in tap water were evaluated. It was established that the protective effect of zinc is effectively manifested in the ratio of the protected area to the unprotected, as SZn/SFe ≥ 9:1. The influence of iron-containing sediment, when it accumulates in the pipes of a CHWS system, on the corrosion rate of the zinc coating was studied. It was also noted that the corrosion rates of the new zinc coating and uncoated steel pipe measured in short-term tests differed slightly. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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12 pages, 3398 KiB  
Article
A Combination of Laboratory Testing, RCE, and Corrosion Loop for Inhibitor Selection
by Gustavo Luis Bianchi, Verónica Acosta and Carlos Seijas
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(7), 4586; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13074586 - 04 Apr 2023
Viewed by 1844
Abstract
Corrosion inhibitors are evaluated in the oil industry with electrochemical tests of resistance to linear polarization with rotating cylinders following ASTM G170 and NACE 3T199 standards. With these tests, we can determine the corrosion rate (CR) and efficiency of corrosion inhibitors. In this [...] Read more.
Corrosion inhibitors are evaluated in the oil industry with electrochemical tests of resistance to linear polarization with rotating cylinders following ASTM G170 and NACE 3T199 standards. With these tests, we can determine the corrosion rate (CR) and efficiency of corrosion inhibitors. In this work, a corrosion test protocol used by hydrocarbon-producing companies for the testing of corrosion inhibitors was used. This protocol consists of a 1045 carbon steel working electrode in a NACE solution composed of 9.62% NaCl, 0.45% CaCl2, 0.19% MgCl2, and 89.74% H2O, at a temperature of 65 °C and saturated with CO2. Each inhibitor tested was subjected to a series of 6000-4000-2000-4000-6000 rpm tests using rotating cylinder electrodes (RCEs). These electrochemical studies were carried out with the rotating cylinder to evaluate the ability of the inhibitor to prevent the corrosion of carbon steel in the presence of a centrifugal force. In our opinion, this test does not provide corrosion engineers with enough information to be used as a predictive tool, since what is obtained is the CR in a very short testing time. This document proposes the use of two more appropriate test methodologies, the rotating cylinder electrode (RCE) and the flow loop (FL), to evaluate the performance of the corrosion inhibitor. For the FL, the selected flow rate was 1.2 m/s, the same rate that fluids have in oil company pipelines installed in Neuquén, Argentina. Firstly, according to the company’s protocol, inhibitors are required to have an efficiency greater than or equal to 90% in RCE tests; therefore, inhibitors that meet these requirements were tested in the FL test. Unlike the RCE test, the FL test represents the experimental conditions of the laboratory that are closest to reality, for the evaluation of the performance of the inhibitors used in the pipelines of the oil and gas industry. FL tests have several problems involving corrosion, erosion, abrasion, biphasic fluids, the time it takes for the inhibitor to become effective, and the duration of its effectiveness. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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24 pages, 5881 KiB  
Article
Corrosion Behavior of Stainless Steel in Seawater in the Presence of Sulfide
by Senka Gudić, Ladislav Vrsalović, Ante Matošin, Jure Krolo, Emeka Emanuel Oguzie and Aleš Nagode
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(7), 4366; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13074366 - 29 Mar 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 4542
Abstract
The effect of temperature (from 288 to 308 K) and concentration of sulfide ions (up to 40 ppm) on the corrosion behavior of AISI 304L and AISI 316L stainless steels in seawater was studied with measurements of open-circuit potential, linear and potentiodynamic polarization, [...] Read more.
The effect of temperature (from 288 to 308 K) and concentration of sulfide ions (up to 40 ppm) on the corrosion behavior of AISI 304L and AISI 316L stainless steels in seawater was studied with measurements of open-circuit potential, linear and potentiodynamic polarization, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. An increase in temperature and pollutant concentration negatively affects the corrosion stability of stainless steels at the open circuit (the resistance, compactness, and thickness of the surface layer decrease and the corrosion current increases), in the passive region (the passivation current increases, the depassivation potential decreases, and the passive potential region narrows), and in the transpassive potential region (the rate of metal dissolution increases). The occurrence of pitting corrosion on the surface of the samples was confirmed with optical microscopy and a non-contact 3D profilometer. A few large pits (depth 80–100 μm and width 100 μm) were formed on the surface of AISI 304L steel, while several smaller pits (depth 40–50 μm and width 50 μm) were formed on the surface of AISI 316L steel. With increasing temperature and sulfide ion concentration, the width, depth, and density of the pits increased on both steel samples. In the studied temperature and concentration range of sulfide ions, the AISI 316L steels exhibited higher corrosion resistance. Overall, the influence of sulfide ions on steel corrosion was more pronounced than the influence of temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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13 pages, 5781 KiB  
Article
The Inhibition Effect and Mechnism of a Thiadiazole Derivative on Q235 Carbon Steel in 1 M HCl Solution
by Yuxin Zhou, Ji Tao, Dingshuainan Jin, Shiping Zhang, Yan He and Longlong Niu
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(4), 2103; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13042103 - 06 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 717
Abstract
N,N-dihydroxyethyl-(5-methyl-[1,3,4] thiadiazol-2-sulfur)-carbonyl acetamide was synthesized and used as an inhibitor to protect Q235 carbon steel in a 1 M HCl solution. The results showed an increased inhibition efficiency with the increase in the concentration of this inhibitor, and an inhibition [...] Read more.
N,N-dihydroxyethyl-(5-methyl-[1,3,4] thiadiazol-2-sulfur)-carbonyl acetamide was synthesized and used as an inhibitor to protect Q235 carbon steel in a 1 M HCl solution. The results showed an increased inhibition efficiency with the increase in the concentration of this inhibitor, and an inhibition efficiency higher than 96% at 40 mg/L can be obtained from weight loss, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and potentiodynamic polarization results. The inhibition effect was determined by the adsorption film according to the surface morphology and elemental distribution of the carbon steel surface. The adsorption consists of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption in view of the free adsorption energy of −40.64 kJ/mol derived from the Langmuir adsorption isotherm line. The lone pair electrons of N, O and S and π electronics of double bonds in molecules form stable covalent coordination bonds with the empty d orbitals of iron atoms, which is beneficial to chemical adsorption of the inhibitor. The high inhibiton efficiency of this inhibitor is important for the potential application in pickling field. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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11 pages, 5624 KiB  
Communication
Improving the Coatability of Zn–Mg–Al Alloy on Steel Substrate by the Surface Pretreatment of SnCl2-Added Zinc Ammonium Chloride
by Ki-yeon Kim, Srinivasulu Grandhi and Min-Suk Oh
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(2), 950; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13020950 - 10 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1388
Abstract
The applicability of galvanized products in various industries has increased the demand for highly corrosion-resistant coatings to counter harsh environments. Among these, Zn–Mg–Al ternary alloy coatings have excellent corrosion resistance, resulting in their commercialization and industrial demand. To increase the diversification of their [...] Read more.
The applicability of galvanized products in various industries has increased the demand for highly corrosion-resistant coatings to counter harsh environments. Among these, Zn–Mg–Al ternary alloy coatings have excellent corrosion resistance, resulting in their commercialization and industrial demand. To increase the diversification of their products, the ideal flux composition in these coatings should be optimized. In this study, we investigated the effects of conventional flux (ZnCl2:NH4Cl) in the hot-dip galvanization of Zn–Mg–Al ternary alloy coatings. Additionally, we developed a new flux to improve the coating properties of Zn–Mg–Al ternary alloy coatings on steel sheets. During hot dipping, SnCl2 on the steel substrate decomposed faster than conventional flux, thereby eliminating the AlCl3 residues in the coating and surface defects. The thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis studies unveiled the mechanisms for improved coatings. The thermodynamic calculations confirmed the spontaneous substitution owing to the presence of SnCl2 in the flux. Therefore, the developed and optimized flux enhanced the adhesion of the alloy coating. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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Review

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37 pages, 10398 KiB  
Review
Recent Trends and Progress in Corrosion Inhibitors and Electrochemical Evaluation
by Kiran Bijapur, Vandana Molahalli, Apoorva Shetty, Arafat Toghan, Paola De Padova and Gurumurthy Hegde
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(18), 10107; https://doi.org/10.3390/app131810107 - 07 Sep 2023
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 4995
Abstract
Science and engineering research studies are currently concentrating on synthesizing, designing, producing, and consuming ecologically benign chemical species to replace harmful chemicals. This is due to the increasing demands of conservation knowledge and strict ecological regulations. Numerous environmentally friendly substitutes produced from natural [...] Read more.
Science and engineering research studies are currently concentrating on synthesizing, designing, producing, and consuming ecologically benign chemical species to replace harmful chemicals. This is due to the increasing demands of conservation knowledge and strict ecological regulations. Numerous environmentally friendly substitutes produced from natural resources, including biopolymers, plant extracts, chemical pharmaceuticals (drugs), and so on, are now frequently used as inhibitors to replace dangerous corrosion inhibitors. Many compounds have been extensively used. A range of methods, including physisorption, chemisorption, barrier protection, thin-film growth, and electrochemical procedures, will be used to provide corrosion resistance. The various kinds of corrosion inhibitors (CIs), the mechanisms underlying inhibition, and the evaluation procedures have all been covered in-depth. This review provides an overview of the relevant literature in which researchers and scientists used different types of CIs, the effect of CIs on metals, and information about designs and mechanisms used to minimize corrosion in a variety of equipment composed of alloys or metals, along with electrochemical evaluation studies. This review will provide scholars with fresh insights to advance the discipline. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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16 pages, 1425 KiB  
Review
Green Corrosion Inhibitors Based on Plant Extracts for Metals and Alloys in Corrosive Environment: A Technological and Scientific Prospection
by Williams Raphael de Souza Morais, Jaceguai Soares da Silva, Nathalia Marcelino Pereira Queiroz, Carmen Lúcia de Paiva e Silva Zanta, Adriana Santos Ribeiro and Josealdo Tonholo
Appl. Sci. 2023, 13(13), 7482; https://doi.org/10.3390/app13137482 - 25 Jun 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 2972
Abstract
The use of inhibitors is one of the most efficient methods to protect metals against corrosion, which affects many sectors and generates a significant effect on the world economy. This paper presents a prospection using plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors, aiming at [...] Read more.
The use of inhibitors is one of the most efficient methods to protect metals against corrosion, which affects many sectors and generates a significant effect on the world economy. This paper presents a prospection using plant extracts as green corrosion inhibitors, aiming at the use of environmentally friendly input. For this, the authors used scientific articles and patents, with recovery of 335 articles and 42 patents related to the subject, as the source. Most technological solutions consist of extracts prepared from leaves of interest plant species, with tests carried out in acidic corrosive environments, with carbon steel (SAE1020) being the most researched material to be protected. Among the identified technologies, some point to corrosion inhibition greater than 80%. The scientific and patent literature points to the excellent performance of these compounds added to the other data collected in the present study, indicating that the exploration of this area is on the rise and very promising. Special highlight is given to the studies and development of green inhibitors in Brazil, considering the potentialities of its high vegetable biodiversity. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Corrosion Inhibitors and Protective Coatings)
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