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Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition

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A special issue of Antioxidants (ISSN 2076-3921). This special issue belongs to the section "Health Outcomes of Antioxidants and Oxidative Stress".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 15 July 2024 | Viewed by 9055

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Prof. Dr. Wutai Guan

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Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Interests: oxidative stress; sow; reproduction; milk synthesis; fatty acids
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Dr. Shihai Zhang

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Guest Editor

Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
Interests: pig; sow; nutrients; mammary gland; lactation
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Dear Colleagues,

Our previous Special Issue on "Oxidative Stress and its Impact on Livestock and Poultry Production" received an overwhelming number of submissions and was a successful compilation of research and review articles. As this is a rapidly evolving topic, we would like to further explore the role of oxidative stress in livestock and poultry production with a follow-up Special Issue for the year 2024.

Recent studies have highlighted the significant challenges posed by elevated levels of oxidative stress to livestock and poultry production. These challenges manifest as a series of detrimental effects, including reduced feed intake, diminished feed conversion ratio, compromised disease resistance, and increased mortality. Factors such as improper management, extreme environmental conditions, nutritional deficiencies, and harsh transportation practices are major contributors to oxidative stress in livestock and poultry. From a mechanistic perspective, the overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) creates an imbalance between antioxidants and oxidants. This imbalance leads to damage to proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, as well as the disruption of cellular homeostasis. Furthermore, perturbations in mitochondrial activity can exacerbate the production of ROS/RNS, ultimately impairing energy metabolism pathways. Recent findings have also suggested that redox signaling can influence reproductive performance in livestock and poultry by modulating gene expression and epigenetic modifications.

In light of these findings, our upcoming Special Issue will be dedicated to reviews and original research exploring the mechanisms underlying the role of increased oxidative stress in livestock and poultry production. We are particularly interested in studies focusing on the impact of oxidative stress on reproduction, behavior, biochemistry, immunity, genetics, and the overall quality of livestock products. Moreover, we are keen to explore strategies aimed at mitigating the negative impact of oxidative stress on livestock and poultry production. This includes, but is not limited to, nutritional regulation strategies and genetic screening methods.

We look forward to your valuable contributions to this rapidly evolving field of research.

Prof. Dr. Wutai Guan
Dr. Shihai Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Antioxidants is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2900 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

oxidative stress
livestock
poultry
nutritional regulation strategies
genetic screening methods
reactive oxygen species
active nitrogen species

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

Jump to: Review

18 pages, 3291 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Selenomethionine Alleviates Deoxynivalenol-Induced Oxidative Injury in Porcine Intestinal Epithelial Cells Independent of MAPK Pathway Regulation

by Zhouyin Huang, Haopeng Zhong, Ting Li, Zirui Wang, Xingping Chen, Tiande Zou, Jinming You and Jun Chen

Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 356; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030356 - 16 Mar 2024

Viewed by 784

Abstract

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a prevalent contaminant in feed and food, posing a serious threat to the health of both humans and animals. The pig stands as an ideal subject for the study of DON due to its recognition as the most susceptible animal to DON. In this study, the IPEC-J2 cells were utilized as an in vitro model to explore the potential of SeMet in alleviating the intestinal toxicity and oxidative injury in intestinal epithelial cells when exposed to DON. Cells were treated either with or without 4.0 μM SeMet, in combination with or without a simultaneous treatment with 0.5 μg/mL DON, for a duration of 24 h. Then, cells or related samples were analyzed for cell proliferation, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level, gene expressions, and protein expressions. The results showed that SeMet mitigated the cellular toxicity caused by DON, evidenced by elevated cell proliferation and the reduced LDH release of IPEC-J2 cells in the SeMet + DON group vs. the DON group. Moreover, the SeMet treatment markedly promoted antioxidant functions and decreased the oxidative injury in IPEC-J2 cell, which is indicated by the decreased ROS level and up-regulated mRNA levels of GPX1, TXNRD1, Nrf2, and GCLC in IPEC-J2 cells in the SeMet + DON group vs. the DON group. However, in both the absence and presence of exposure to DON, the SeMet treatment did not affect the protein expression of MAPK (JNK, Erk1/2, and P38) and phosphorylated MAPK (p-JNK, p-Erk1/2, and p-P38) in IPEC-J2 cells. Collectively, SeMet alleviated the DON-induced oxidative injury in porcine intestinal epithelial cells independent of the MAPK pathway regulation. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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15 pages, 6083 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Cross-Oxygen Gradients Transcriptomic Comparison Revealed the Central Role of MAPK and Hippo in Hypoxia-Mediated Mammary Proliferation Inhibition

by Zhenzhen Hu, Yi Lu, Jie Cai, Jianxin Liu and Diming Wang

Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 288; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030288 - 26 Feb 2024

Viewed by 749

Abstract

The role of hypoxia in terms of affecting mammary epithelial cells (MECs) proliferation is closely associated with the milk synthesis of lactating mammals. Primary bovine MECs were cultured at 1, 6, 11, 16, and 21% O₂ for 24 h. The results showed that cell proliferation decreased linearly, and hypoxic inducible factor (HIF)-1α expression increased linearly along with the declining O₂. The linear increase in oxidative stress resulted in the accumulation of malondialdehyde and reactive oxygen species and decreased antioxidant enzyme activities following the reduced O₂. Concerning mitochondria, the dynamin-related protein 1 showed improved expression, and optin atrophy protein 1 decreased along with the decreasing O₂ gradient, which led to decreased mitochondrial mass and mitophagy emerging under 1% O₂. Oxygen concentration-trend RNA-seq analysis was conducted. Specifically, HIF-1-MAPK (1% O₂), PI3K-Akt-MAPK (6% O₂), and p53-Hippo (11 and 16% O₂) were found to primarily regulate cell proliferation in response to hypoxia compared with normoxia (21%), respectively. In conclusion, our study suggests that bMEC proliferation is suppressed in low-oxygen conditions, and is exacerbated following the reduced oxygen supply. The cross-oxygen gradient comparisons suggest that MAPK and Hippo, which are core pathways of mammary cell proliferation, are repressed by hypoxia via oxidative-stress-dependent signals. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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18 pages, 6069 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Maternal Malic Acid May Ameliorate Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Sows through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolic Profiles during Late Pregnancy

by Meixia Chen, Ying Zhao, Shuang Li, Zhuo Chang, Hui Liu, Dongyan Zhang, Sixin Wang, Xin Zhang and Jing Wang

Antioxidants 2024, 13(2), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020253 - 19 Feb 2024

Viewed by 1125

Abstract

Sows suffer oxidative stress and inflammation induced by metabolic burden during late pregnancy, which negatively regulates reproductive and lactating performances. We previously found that L-malic acid (MA) alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation and improved reproductive performances in sows. However, the mechanism underlying the MA’s positive effects remains unexplored. Here, twenty Large White × Landrace sows with similar parity were randomly divided into two groups and fed with a basal diet or a diet supplemented with 2% L-malic acid complex from day 85 of gestation to delivery. The gut microbiome, fecal short-chain fatty acids, and untargeted serum metabolome were determined. Results showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Spirochaetota were the top abundant phyla identified in late pregnancy for sows. Maternal MA supplementation modulated the composition but not the richness and diversity of gut microbiota during late pregnancy. Correlation analysis between gut microbiota and antioxidant capacity (or inflammation indicators) revealed that unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, UCG-002, norank_f_norank_o_RF3, and Lactobacillus might play a role in anti-oxidation, and Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, UCG-002, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, Candidatus_Soleaferrea, norank_f_UCG-010, norank_f_norank_o_RF39, and unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae might be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. The improved antioxidant and inflammation status induced by MA might be independent of short chain fatty acid changes. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis exhibited different metabolic landscapes of sows in the MA group from in the control group and revealed the contribution of modified amino acid and lipid metabolism to the improved antioxidant capacity and inflammation status. Notably, correlation results of gut microbiota and serum metabolites, as well as serum metabolites and antioxidant capacity (or inflammation indicators), demonstrated that differential metabolism was highly related to the fecal microorganisms and antioxidant or inflammation indicators. Collectively, these data demonstrated that a maternal dietary supply of MA can ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in sows through modulating gut microbiota and host metabolic profiles during late pregnancy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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22 pages, 11314 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Liver Antioxidant Capacity and Steatosis in Laying Hens Exposed to Various Quantities of Lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) Seeds in the Diet

by Marta Wójcik, Sebastian Grabowski, Łukasz S. Jarosz, Bartłomiej Szymczak, Vincenzo Longo, Clara Maria della Croce, Marcin Hejdysz, Adam Cieślak, Kamil Gruszczyński and Agnieszka Marek

Antioxidants 2024, 13(2), 251; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13020251 - 19 Feb 2024

Viewed by 833

Abstract

Despite the many beneficial properties of legume plants, their use in diets for poultry is limited by the presence of antinutritional factors. The aim of the study was to determine the activity of DT-diaphorase, ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase, and catalase, and the concentration of malondialdehyde in liver tissue, as well as the activity of SOD and CAT in the serum of Hy-line Brown hens fed a diet supplemented with various doses of Lupinus angustifolius seeds. The results indicate that the use of large amounts of lupin in the diet resulted in an increase in MDA concentration in the liver and the lipid vacuolization of hepatocytes. A significant increase in DTD activity was observed in chickens receiving 15% lupin. Regardless of lupin dose, no increase in SOD activity was observed in chicken serum after 33 days of the experiment. From the 66th day of the experiment, an increase in catalase activity in the serum of laying hens was observed, while low activity of this enzyme was found in the liver. It can be concluded that the short-term use of lupin in the diet of laying hens does not affect the activity of antioxidant enzymes and, therefore, does not affect the oxidative–antioxidant balance of their body. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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17 pages, 4009 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Pyrroloquinoline Quinone Improves Ram Sperm Quality through Its Antioxidative Ability during Storage at 4 °C

by Zhendong Zhu, Wenjia Li, Qitai Yang, Haolong Zhao, Weijing Zhang, Adedeji O. Adetunji, S. A. Masudul Hoque, Xin Kou and Lingjiang Min

Antioxidants 2024, 13(1), 104; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13010104 - 15 Jan 2024

Viewed by 889

Abstract

Sperm motility is an important factor in the migration of sperm from the uterus to the oviduct. During sperm preservation in vitro, sperm generates excessive ROS that damages its function. This study aims to investigate whether the addition of pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ) to the diluted medium could improve chilled ram sperm quality, and then elucidates the mechanism. Ram semen was diluted with Tris-citric acid-glucose (TCG) medium containing different doses of PQQ (0 nM, 10 nM, 100 nM, 1000 nM, 10,000 nM), and stored at 4 °C. Sperm motility patterns, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, and ATP levels were measured after preservation. Furthermore, the expressions of NADH dehydrogenase 1 (MT-ND1) and NADH dehydrogenase 6 (MT-ND6) in sperm were also detected by western blotting. In addition, sperm capacitation and the ability of sperm to bind to the zona pellucina were also evaluated. It was observed that the addition of PQQ significantly (p < 0.05) improved ram sperm motility, membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity during preservation. The percentage of sperm with high mitochondrial membrane potential in the PQQ treatment group was much higher than that in the control. In addition, supplementation of PQQ also decreased the sperm MDA and ROS levels, while increasing ATP levels. Interestingly, the levels of MT-ND1 and MT-ND6 protein in sperm treated with PQQ were also higher than that of the control. Furthermore, the addition of 100 nM PQQ to the medium decreased ROS damage in MT-ND1 and MT-ND6 proteins. The addition of 100 nM PQQ significantly (p < 0.05) increased protein tyrosine phosphorylation in ram sperm after induced capacitation. Furthermore, the value of the sperm–zona pellucida binding capacity in the 100 nM PQQ treatment group was also much higher than that of the control. Overall, during chilled ram- sperm preservation, PQQ protected ram sperm quality by quenching the ROS levels to reduce ROS damage and maintain sperm mitochondrial function, and preserved the sperm’s high ability of fertilization. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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22 pages, 5751 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Chenodeoxycholic Acid Improves Embryo Implantation and Metabolic Health through Modulating Gut Microbiota–Host Metabolites Interaction during Early Pregnancy

by Meixia Chen, Ying Zhao, Haifeng Ji, Lu Li, Hui Liu, Sixin Wang, Dongyan Zhang, Jingdong Yin, Jing Wang and Xin Zhang

Antioxidants 2024, 13(1), 8; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13010008 - 19 Dec 2023

Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1181

Abstract

Fetus loss in early pregnancy is of major concern to both humans and animals, and this issue is largely influenced by embryo implantation. Chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA), a primary bile acid, contributes to metabolic improvements and protects against intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy. However, the effect of CDCA on embryo implantation during early pregnancy has not been investigated. The present study demonstrated that CDCA administration during early pregnancy improved embryo implantation in sows and rats, thereby improving the pregnancy outcomes of sows. CDCA significantly reduced inflammation, oxidative stress, and insulin resistance. The metabolomics analysis indicated significant differences in the fecal metabolome, especially regarding the level of secondary bile acids, between the control and CDCA-treated sows. CDCA also influenced the serum metabolite profiles in sows, and the serum L-Histidine level was significantly correlated with the abundance of 19 differential fecal metabolites. Importantly, L-Histidine administration improved embryo implantation and metabolic health in rats during early pregnancy. Moreover, CDCA administration during early pregnancy also led to long-term metabolic improvements in sows. Our data indicated that CDCA improved embryo implantation by alleviating inflammation and oxidative stress, improving insulin sensitivity, and modulating the interaction between the gut microbiota and host metabolites. Therefore, CDCA intervention is a potential therapeutic strategy regarding embryo loss during pregnancy. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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23 pages, 5676 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Maternal Selenium-Enriched Yeast Supplementation in Sows Enhances Offspring Growth and Antioxidant Status through the Nrf2/Keap1 Pathway

by Liang Xiong, Tongbin Lin, Xianhuai Yue, Shuchang Zhang, Xinghong Liu, Fang Chen, Shihai Zhang and Wutai Guan

Antioxidants 2023, 12(12), 2064; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12122064 - 01 Dec 2023

Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1032

Abstract

This study evaluated the effects of maternal selenium-enriched yeast (SeY) supplementation during late gestation and lactation on sow performance, transfer of selenium (Se) and redox status, and gut microbiota community, as well as on the gut health of offspring. Seventy pregnant sows on day 85 of gestation were randomly allocated to the following two treatments: (1) sows who were fed a basal diet (basal diet contained 0.3 mg/kg Se as Na₂SeO₃, n = 35); (2) and sows who were fed a SeY-supplemented diet (basal diet with 0.2 mg/kg Se as SeY, n = 35). The offspring piglets were only cross-fostered within the group on day 3 of lactation (L3) according to the pig farm epidemic prevention policy. The plasma, milk, and feces samples from 10 sows, as well as plasma and intestinal samples per treatment, were collected on L1 and L21, respectively. Our results showed that maternal SeY supplementation increased the first week average weight and ADG of piglets (p < 0.05). Compared with the CON group, the SeY supplementation increased the Se content in the plasma and milk of sows and the plasma of piglets on L1 and L21 (p < 0.05). In addition, in sows, the levels of fat in the milk on L21, the level of IgA, T-AOC, and GSH-Px in the plasma on L21, and the level of T-AOC and GSH-Px in the colostrum were increased, while the MDA content was decreased in the plasma on L1 and in the colostrum and milk on L14 (p < 0.05). In the piglet plasma, the levels of IgA on L1 and L21, GSH-Px on L1, and GSH on L21 were increased, while the MDA content was decreased on L1 (p < 0.05). Maternal SeY supplementation up-regulated the small intestinal protein abundances of MUC1, E-cadherin, ZO-1, occludin, and claudin and activated the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway in weaned offspring piglets. The 16S rRNA sequencing results showed that fecal microbiota had distinct separations during lactation, and the relative abundances of unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, Prevotaceae_UCG-001, and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group were increased on L1. Collectively, the current findings suggest that maternal SeY supplementation during late gestation and lactation could improve the piglet’s growth performance, Se status, antioxidant capacity and immunoglobulins transfer at the first week of lactation, as well as alter the fecal microbiota composition by increasing antioxidative-related and SCFA-producing microbiota in sows. These changes contributed to enhancing the small intestinal barrier function and activating the Nrf2/Keap1 pathway in offspring. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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27 pages, 4224 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Effect of In Ovo Administration of a Multi-Strain Probiotic and Zinc Glycine Chelate on Antioxidant Capacity and Selected Immune Parameters in Newly Hatched Chicks

by Artur Ciszewski, Łukasz S. Jarosz, Arletta Bielecka, Agnieszka Marek, Bartłomiej Szymczak, Zbigniew Grądzki and Anna Rysiak

Antioxidants 2023, 12(11), 1905; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox12111905 - 24 Oct 2023

Viewed by 878

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of in ovo co-supplementation of chicken embryos with a multi-strain probiotic containing effective microorganisms and zinc glycine chelate on total antioxidant capacity; concentrations of sulfhydryl groups, bityrosine bridges, formylkynurenines, hydroperoxides, proteins, corticosterone, pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and heat shock proteins; and the activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase in the serum, yolk sac and tissues of broiler chickens at 12 h and at 7 days after hatching. The results indicate high SOD activity in the small and large intestines of chicks at 12 h post-hatch in the groups receiving the multi-strain probiotic and in the small intestine and yolk sac of birds receiving the multi-strain probiotic and Zn-Gly chelate. High concentrations of TNF-α and IFN-γ in the yolk sac and serum after in ovo administration of Zn-Gly chelate were observed 12 h after hatching. The use of a probiotic and a probiotic with Zn-Gly chelate increased the total antioxidant capacity in the tissues of chickens. It can be concluded that in ovo administration of a multi-strain probiotic and Zn-Gly chelate can maintain the oxidant/antioxidant balance in chickens and increase the defense capacity against oxidative stress. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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Review

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26 pages, 1966 KiB

Open AccessReview

The Effects of Unconventional Feed Fermentation on Intestinal Oxidative Stress in Animals

by Xiao Lian, Mingyu Shi, Ying Liang, Qinlu Lin and Lingyu Zhang

Antioxidants 2024, 13(3), 305; https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox13030305 - 29 Feb 2024

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 946

Abstract

Unconventional feed, which is abundant in China, contains anti-nutritional factors and toxins; however, these can be greatly reduced with microbial fermentation, thus improving the nutrient content of the feed, enhancing animal appetites, and ultimately significantly improving the intestinal health and growth performance of animals. When oxidative stress occurs, fermented feed can effectively reduce the damage caused by stress to the gastrointestinal tract, accelerate the removal of gastrointestinal abnormalities, improve the ability to resist intestinal stress, and ensure the efficient production of animals. This review introduces the application of unconventional fermented feed in animal production, and expounds upon the function of unconventional fermented feed in animals with oxidative stress symptoms, so as to provide a theoretical reference for the development and application of unconventional fermented feed in antioxidative stress reduction. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Oxidative Stress in Livestock and Poultry—2nd Edition)

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