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Symmetry
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Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ
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Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ

A special issue of Symmetry (ISSN 2073-8994). This special issue belongs to the section "Physics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 March 2024) | Viewed by 6211

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Konstantin Zhukovsky

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Theoretical Physics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
Interests: theoretical and mathematical physics and its engineering applications; study, analysis and modelling of radiation, transport and particle interaction processes
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Radiation from accelerated charges and the underlying physical symmetries have been attracting researchers’ attention for more than 70 years. The synchrotron radiation (SR) was discovered in 1947, following its prediction in 1944. Its beam has strongly asymmetric spatial distribution along the direction of the charge motion and it is highly polarized in the plane of the orbit. The undulator radiation (UR) is based on the physical principles of the SR. Interacting with the electrons, the UR groups them in micro-bunchesseparated by the radiation wavelength, resulting in intense short bursts of coherent UR. This idea, expressed by Ginzburg, gave rise to the development of the theory of the free electron laser (FEL), invented by John Madey in 1971. The SR, UR and FELs have been intensively studied and exploited by researchers. The applications appear in many branches of science, such as medicine, archeology, chemistry, biology and others. Modern FELs extend to X-ray band, where SR has been the strongest source of radiation for a long time. X-ray free electron lasers allow nano-scale studies of structures and inner symmetries of molecules, materials, etc. The respective installations, such as the European X-FEL, are huge. The challenges include the reduction of the FEL sizes, the improvement of the temporal coherence and symmetry of the radiation pulses, etc. Theoretical studies were followed by experiments with seeding and high harmonic generation, etc.

Researchers are welcomed to contribute to this Special Issue with their studies on the theories of SR, UR and FEL, with new relevant results in the accelerator techniques, undulator technologies andFEL realization. Experimental achievements at the working installations, applications, and proposals for future research facilities are also welcomed.

Prof. Dr. Konstantin Zhukovsky
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Symmetry is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2400 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • synchrotron
  • undulator
  • free electron laser
  • radiation
  • nano-scale
  • structure

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

13 pages, 2431 KiB  
Article
Coherent Spontaneous Emission from Short Electron Bunches: Competition between Different Transverse Waveguide Modes
by Yuliya Oparina and Andrei Savilov
Symmetry 2023, 15(5), 1053; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15051053 - 09 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 998
Abstract
In this paper, we study spontaneous coherent undulator emission from a short dense electron bunch. A special “negative-mass” undulator ensuring stabilization of the axial size of the bunch is considered. We focus on the situation where the competition between two different transverse waveguide [...] Read more.
In this paper, we study spontaneous coherent undulator emission from a short dense electron bunch. A special “negative-mass” undulator ensuring stabilization of the axial size of the bunch is considered. We focus on the situation where the competition between two different transverse waveguide modes takes place, so that the undulator resonance is provided simultaneously for three waves placed on the dispersion diagram symmetrically with respect to electrons (namely, the group velocity of the higher waveguide mode coincides with the electron velocity, whereas two resonance frequencies of the lower transverse mode correspond to wave group velocities, one of which slightly exceeds the translational velocity of electrons, with the other being less than the electron velocity). We show that the higher waveguide mode can win this competition due to its proximity to group synchronization with the electron bunch. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ)
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18 pages, 3595 KiB  
Article
Kinetic Interaction between an Electron Flow with a Wide Velocity Spread and a Short-Adjusted Slipping Wave Pulse at the Cherenkov Resonance
by Peter Bespalov, Vitalia Kuleshova and Andrei Savilov
Symmetry 2023, 15(4), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15040838 - 31 Mar 2023
Viewed by 970
Abstract
In this study, kinetic interaction at the Cherenkov resonance between an electromagnetic wave pulse and a flow of electrons possessing a wide velocity spread at the scale of the characteristic range of the resonant electron wave interaction is considered. Due to the absence [...] Read more.
In this study, kinetic interaction at the Cherenkov resonance between an electromagnetic wave pulse and a flow of electrons possessing a wide velocity spread at the scale of the characteristic range of the resonant electron wave interaction is considered. Due to the absence of a distribution function slope in the range of velocities corresponding to the electron wave’s resonance, an electron’s flow is a nearly stable media from the point of view of its interaction with a long enough wave pulse. In this paper, we explain our findings on the process of electron interaction with potential relief where the wave pulse is so short that the characteristic scale of the wave amplitude’s inhomogeneity and the profile of the potential relief is comparable to the wavelength. We show that if an appropriate slippage between the phase and group velocities of the wave is provided, then the reflection process of particles from “fast” and “slow” close-to-resonance velocity fractions becomes non-symmetrical. This can provide a mechanism of amplification of short intensive wave pulses with electron flows with very large velocity spreads. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ)
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14 pages, 2787 KiB  
Article
Energy Transfer Processes in NASICON-Type Phosphates under Synchrotron Radiation Excitation
by Nataliya Krutyak, Vitali Nagirnyi, Ivo Romet, Dina Deyneko and Dmitry Spassky
Symmetry 2023, 15(3), 749; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym15030749 - 18 Mar 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1130
Abstract
The luminescence properties of NASICON-type Na3.6M1.8(PO4)3 (M = Y, Lu) and Na3Sc2(PO4)3 phosphates, undoped and rare earth-doped (RE = Tb3+, Dy3+, Eu3+, Ce [...] Read more.
The luminescence properties of NASICON-type Na3.6M1.8(PO4)3 (M = Y, Lu) and Na3Sc2(PO4)3 phosphates, undoped and rare earth-doped (RE = Tb3+, Dy3+, Eu3+, Ce3+), were studied using synchrotron radiation in a wide energy region of 4.5–45 eV. Intrinsic emission originating from self-trapped excitons with electron component localized at the 3d Sc states was detected in both doped and undoped Na3Sc2(PO4)3 while only defect-related emission was registered in Na3.6M1.8(PO4)3. Emission of RE ions substituting three-valent cations in low-symmetry sites was detected in all doped phosphates. The efficiency and pass ways of energy transfer from the host to emission centres were analysed based on luminescence excitation spectra. It is shown that the most efficient energy transfer is realized in Tb3+-doped phosphors, while it was poor for other RE ions. The differences in energy transfer efficiencies are explained by different position of RE f states in the crystal electronic band structure influencing the efficiency of charge carrier trapping in the substance. Based on excitation spectra analysis, the bandgap values were estimated to ~8 eV for all studied phosphates. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ)
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20 pages, 414 KiB  
Article
Synchrotron Radiation Taking External Influences into Account
by Vladimir Cheslavovich Zhukovsky
Symmetry 2022, 14(10), 2207; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14102207 - 20 Oct 2022
Viewed by 1113
Abstract
In this paper, we demonstrate how various external forces influence the effect of the radiation of a charged particle. As a particular example, we obtained a solution to the Dirac equation for an electron in a constant homogeneous magnetic field and by taking [...] Read more.
In this paper, we demonstrate how various external forces influence the effect of the radiation of a charged particle. As a particular example, we obtained a solution to the Dirac equation for an electron in a constant homogeneous magnetic field and by taking into account the anomalous magnetic moment and influence of possible Lorentz invariance violation in minimal CPT-odd form. Based on the solution found, we calculated the synchrotron radiation (SR) characteristics and predicted possible observable effects attributable to the Lorentz invariance violation. As another example, we calculated the stimulated synchrotron radiation in the presence of the field of an electromagnetic wave and taking into account the inhomogeneity of an external magnetic field. Moreover, the superposition of two electromagnetic waves was also considered taking into account the properties of radiated electromagnetic waves. We also point out a way to use a corresponding semiclassical solution to the Dirac equation to obtain synchrotron radiation without approximating the radiative amplitudes themselves. This last way of calculating might be of use for studying SR in real circumstances of radiation in an astrophysical magnetic field and in electron accelerators, where electron trajectories are far from being circular. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ)
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19 pages, 3821 KiB  
Article
Beam Asymmetry, Divergence and Energy Spread Effects on the Radiation from Planar Undulators
by Konstantin Zhukovsky and Igor Fedorov
Symmetry 2022, 14(7), 1353; https://doi.org/10.3390/sym14071353 - 30 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1413
Abstract
The theoretical study of the effect of electron beam parameters, in particular, the emittance and its asymmetry on the radiation from relativistic electrons in undulators is conducted both analytically and numerically. The reasons for the odd and even harmonic generation and radiation are [...] Read more.
The theoretical study of the effect of electron beam parameters, in particular, the emittance and its asymmetry on the radiation from relativistic electrons in undulators is conducted both analytically and numerically. The reasons for the odd and even harmonic generation and radiation are explored. The difference in the underlying physical reasons for the spontaneous and stimulated radiation of harmonics in free electron lasers (FELs) is elucidated. The generalized forms of the special functions of the Bessel and Airy type are employed to account analytically for the off-axis and angular effects together with the effect of the beam energy spread. A comparative analysis of the radiation spectra for undulators with different beams is performed. The examples of the radiation at SPARC and LEUTL are given. The effect of the asymmetry of the beam on the radiation properties is analyzed. The alternative theoretical approaches of other authors are also employed for the analytical calculation of the harmonic powers in FELs. The results are compared with existing experimental data. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Synchrotron and Undulator Radiation Studies Ⅱ)
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