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Special Issue "Precision Optical Metrology and Smart Sensing"

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Guest Editor

Department of Optics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
Interests: precision optical measurement; computational imaging; surface metrology

Dr. Jian Wang

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Guest Editor

Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
Interests: precision optical measurement; 3D optical imaging; surface/film measurement

Prof. Dr. Yajun Wang

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Guest Editor

College of Electronics and Information Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
Interests: optical metrology; 3D imaging; computer vision; structured light; phase retrieval
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Computer-vision-based optical metrology methods, including triangulation, fringe projection and deflectometry, have attracted intensive interest and have widespread applications. With increasing requirements for measurement accuracy and sensing efficiency, evolutions and revolutions continuously occur in terms of measuring setup, fringe coding/decoding, light modulation, error compensation, etc. The impacts of environmental factors, machine tools, measuring procedures or even operators need to be investigated and addressed carefully in combination with recently emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, robots, digital twin, photonics and so on.

In order to establish a highly transdisciplinary discussion forum among scientists and engineers on precision optical metrology and intelligent sensing, this Topical Collection is proposed to share novel ideas, recent developments and literature reviews. The topics include, but are not limited to:

3D optical sensing;
Computer vision;
Quantitative phase imaging;
Fringe projection;
Deflectometry;
Computational imaging.

Dr. Xiangchao Zhang
Dr. Jian Wang
Prof. Dr. Yajun Wang
Guest Editors

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Research

Open AccessCommunication

Dynamic 3D Measurement without Motion Artifacts Based on Feature Compensation

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Sensors 2023, 23(16), 7147; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23167147 - 13 Aug 2023

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Abstract

Phase-shift profilometry (PSP) holds great promise for high-precision 3D shape measurements. However, in the case of measuring moving objects, as PSP requires multiple images to calculate the phase, the movement of the object causes artifacts in the measurement, which in turn has a significant impact on the accuracy of the 3D surface measurement. Therefore, we propose a method to reduce motion artifacts using feature information in the image and simulate it using the six-step term shift method as a case study. The simulation results show that the phase of the object is greatly affected when the object is in motion and that the phase shift due to motion can be effectively reduced using this method. Finally, artifact optimization was carried out by way of specific copper tube vibration experiments at a measurement frequency of 320 Hz. The experimental results prove that the method is well implemented. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Optical Metrology and Smart Sensing)

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Open AccessArticle

Three-Dimensional Shape and Deformation Measurements Based on Fringe Projection Profilometry and Fluorescent Digital Image Correlation via a 3 Charge Coupled Device Camera

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Sensors 2023, 23(15), 6663; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23156663 - 25 Jul 2023

Viewed by 484

Abstract

We propose a novel hybrid FPP-DIC technique to measure an object’s shape and deformation in 3D simultaneously by using a single 3CCD color camera, which captures the blue fringe patterns and red fluorescent speckles within the same image. Firstly, red fluorescent speckles were painted on the surface of the specimen. Subsequently, 12 computer-generated blue fringe patterns with a black background were projected onto the surface of the specimen using a DLP projector. Finally, both the reference and deformed images with three different frequencies and four shifted phases were captured using a 3CCD camera. This technique employed a three-chip configuration in which red–green–blue chips were discretely integrated in the 3CCD color camera sensor, rendering independent capture of RGB information possible. Measurement of out-of-plane displacement was carried out through the implementation of Fringe Projection Profilometry (FPP), whereas the in-plane displacement was evaluated using a 2D Digital Image Correlation (DIC) method by leveraging a telecentric-lens-based optical system. In comparison to the traditional FPP-DIC hybrid methodology, the present approach showed a lower incidence of crosstalk between the fringe patterns and speckle patterns while also offering a corrective for the coupling of the in-plane displacement and out-of-plane displacement. Experimental results for the in-plane cantilever beam and out-of-plane disk comparisons with the traditional 3D-DIC method indicated that the maximum discrepancy obtained between FPP-DIC and 3D-DIC was 0.7 μm and 0.034 mm with different magnifications, respectively, validating the effectiveness and precision of the novel proposed FPP-DIC method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Optical Metrology and Smart Sensing)

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Open AccessArticle

An Efficient Method for Laser Welding Depth Determination Using Optical Coherence Tomography

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Sensors 2023, 23(11), 5223; https://doi.org/10.3390/s23115223 - 31 May 2023

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Abstract

Online monitoring of laser welding depth is increasingly important, with the growing demand for the precise welding depth in the field of power battery manufacturing for new energy vehicles. The indirect methods of welding depth measurement based on optical radiation, visual image and acoustic signals in the process zone have low accuracy in the continuous monitoring. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides a direct welding depth measurement during laser welding and shows high achievable accuracy in continuous monitoring. Statistical evaluation approach accurately extracts the welding depth from OCT data but suffers from complexity in noise removal. In this paper, an efficient method coupled DBSCAN (Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Application with Noise) and percentile filter for laser welding depth determination was proposed. The noise of the OCT data were viewed as outliers and detected by DBSCAN. After eliminating the noise, the percentile filter was used to extract the welding depth. By comparing the welding depth determined by this approach and the actual weld depth of longitudinal cross section, an average error of less than 5% was obtained. The precise laser welding depth can be efficiently achieved by the method. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Precision Optical Metrology and Smart Sensing)

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