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Plants
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Rice Genetics and Breeding
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Rice Genetics and Breeding

A special issue of Plants (ISSN 2223-7747). This special issue belongs to the section "Plant Genetics, Genomics and Biotechnology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 August 2021) | Viewed by 8353

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Dongjin Shin

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Southern Area Crop Science, National institute of crop science, Jeompiljaero 20, Miryang 50424, Korea
Interests: yield; abiotic stress; senescence; quality; remobilization of nutrients; nitrogen use efficiency; CH4 emissions; natural variation; functional molecular marker
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Soon-Wook Kwon

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Plant Bioscience, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Korea
Interests: rice; molecular breeding; genomics-assisted breeding; quality; yield potential; abiotic stress; biotic stress
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Rice production should be increased to meet the growing demand toward solving global hunger and addressing world population growth. Global rice production has rapidly increased through the utilization of semi-dwarf and heterosis. However, it is predicted that rice production conditions will continuously be deteriorated due to the influence of climate change, such as through the increasing occurrence of biotic or abiotic stress. Rice genetics and breeding for improving of important agronomic traits such as plant shape, yield component, abiotic stress, and quality represent a way for achieving sustainable rice cultivation.

Therefore, this Special Issue aims to publish articles that focus on the genetic study, molecular markers, and development of elite varieties.

Prof. Dr. Soon-Wook Kwon
Dr. Dongjin Shin
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Plants is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • yield
  • abiotic stress
  • biotic stress
  • senescence
  • quality
  • nutrient use efficiency
  • natural variation
  • functional molecular marker
  • QTL
  • fine mapping
  • near-isogenic lines

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

12 pages, 2472 KiB  
Article
Applying HPLC to Screening QTLs for BLB Resistance in Rice
by Xiao-Xuan Du, Jae-Ryoung Park, Xiao-Han Wang, Yoon-Hee Jang, Eun-Gyeong Kim, Gang-Seob Lee and Kyung-Min Kim
Plants 2021, 10(10), 2145; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102145 - 9 Oct 2021
Viewed by 1625
Abstract
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and is a major cause of rice yield reductions around the world. When diseased, plants produce a variety of metabolites to resist pathogens. In this study, the various defense metabolites were quantified [...] Read more.
Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) is caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and is a major cause of rice yield reductions around the world. When diseased, plants produce a variety of metabolites to resist pathogens. In this study, the various defense metabolites were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) after Xoo inoculation in a 120 Cheongcheong/Nagdong double haploid (CNDH) population. Quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping was conducted using the concentration of the plant defense metabolites. HPLC analyzes the concentration of substances according to the severity of disease symptoms. Searching for BLB resistance candidate genes by applying this analysis method is very effective when mapping related genes. These resistance genes can be mapped directly to the causative pathogens. A total of 17 metabolites were detected by means of HPLC analysis after Xoo inoculation in the 120 CNDH population. QTL mapping of the metabolite concentrations resulted in the detection of the BLB resistance candidate gene, OsWRKYq6, in RM3343 of chromosome 6. OsWRKYq6 has a very high homology sequence with WRKY transcription factor 39, and when inoculated with Xoo, the relative expression level of the resistant population was higher than that of the susceptible population. Resistance genes have previously been detected using only phenotypic change data. In this study, resistance candidate genes were detected using the concentration of metabolites produced in plants after inoculation with pathogens. This newly developed analysis method can be used to effectively detect and identify genes directly involved in disease resistance for future studies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rice Genetics and Breeding)
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15 pages, 810 KiB  
Article
QTL Validation and Development of SNP-Based High Throughput Molecular Markers Targeting a Genomic Region Conferring Narrow Root Cone Angle in Aerobic Rice Production Systems
by Ricky Vinarao, Christopher Proud, Peter Snell, Shu Fukai and Jaquie Mitchell
Plants 2021, 10(10), 2099; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102099 - 3 Oct 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2040
Abstract
Aerobic rice production (AP) provides potential solutions to the global water crisis by consuming less water than traditional permanent water culture. Narrow root cone angle (RCA), development of deeper rooting and associated genomic regions are key for AP adaptation. However, their usefulness depends [...] Read more.
Aerobic rice production (AP) provides potential solutions to the global water crisis by consuming less water than traditional permanent water culture. Narrow root cone angle (RCA), development of deeper rooting and associated genomic regions are key for AP adaptation. However, their usefulness depends on validation across genetic backgrounds and development of linked markers. Using three F2 populations derived from IRAT109, qRCA4 was shown to be effective in multiple backgrounds, explaining 9.3–17.3% of the genotypic variation and introgression of the favourable allele resulted in 11.7–15.1° narrower RCA. Novel kompetitive allele specific PCR (KASP) markers were developed targeting narrow RCA and revealed robust quality metrics. Candidate genes related with plant response to abiotic stress and root development were identified along with 178 potential donors across rice subpopulations. This study validated qRCA4’s effect in multiple genetic backgrounds further strengthening its value in rice improvement for AP adaptation. Furthermore, the development of novel KASP markers ensured the opportunity for its seamless introgression across pertinent breeding programs. This work provides the tools and opportunity to accelerate development of genotypes with narrow RCA through marker assisted selection in breeding programs targeting AP, which may ultimately contribute to more sustainable rice production where water availability is limited. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rice Genetics and Breeding)
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14 pages, 1287 KiB  
Article
Biochemical and Molecular Characterization of the Rice Chalcone Isomerase Family
by Sang-Il Park, Hye-Lin Park, Seong-Hee Bhoo, Sang-Won Lee and Man-Ho Cho
Plants 2021, 10(10), 2064; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10102064 - 30 Sep 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1877
Abstract
Chalcone isomerase (CHI) is a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. In plants, CHIs occur in multigene families, and they are divided into four types, types I–IV. Type I and II CHIs are bona fide CHIs with CHI activity, and type III and IV [...] Read more.
Chalcone isomerase (CHI) is a key enzyme in flavonoid biosynthesis. In plants, CHIs occur in multigene families, and they are divided into four types, types I–IV. Type I and II CHIs are bona fide CHIs with CHI activity, and type III and IV CHIs are non-catalytic members with different functions. Rice contains seven CHI family genes (OsCHIs). Molecular analysis suggested that OsCHI3 is a type I CHI, and the other OsCHIs were classified into types III and IV. To elucidate their biochemical functions, OsCHI1, OsCHI3, OsCHI6, and OsCHI7 were expressed in Escherichia coli, and the recombinant OsCHI proteins were purified. An activity assay of recombinant OsCHIs showed that OsCHI3 catalyzed the isomerization of naringenin chalcone and isoliquiritigenin, whereas the other recombinant OsCHIs had no CHI activity. OsCHI3 also exhibited a strong preference to naringenin chalcone compared to isoliquiritigenin, which agrees well with the catalytic properties of type I CHIs. These results ascertain OsCHI3 to be a bona fide CHI in rice. OsCHI3 and the other OsCHIs were expressed constitutively throughout the rice growth period and different tissues. OsCHI3 expression was induced immediately in response to ultra-violet (UV) stress, suggesting its involvement in the biosynthesis of sakuranetin, a flavonoid phytoalexin in rice. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rice Genetics and Breeding)
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13 pages, 2831 KiB  
Article
Enhancing Resveratrol Bioproduction and Anti-Melanogenic Activities through Elicitation in DJ526 Cell Suspension
by Vipada Kantayos, Jin-Suk Kim and So-Hyeon Baek
Plants 2021, 10(8), 1653; https://doi.org/10.3390/plants10081653 - 11 Aug 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1805
Abstract
Resveratrol, a secondary plant metabolite, and its derivatives, including piceid, show several potential health-related biological activities. However, resveratrol production is uncommon in plants; thus, resveratrol-enriched rice (DJ526) is produced for its nutritional and therapeutic value. Here, a DJ526 cell suspension was treated with [...] Read more.
Resveratrol, a secondary plant metabolite, and its derivatives, including piceid, show several potential health-related biological activities. However, resveratrol production is uncommon in plants; thus, resveratrol-enriched rice (DJ526) is produced for its nutritional and therapeutic value. Here, a DJ526 cell suspension was treated with various elicitors to determine its resveratrol-production potential and elicit its biological activity. Treatments with most elicitors produced more piceid than resveratrol; as elicitation periods increased, the average piceid levels were 75-fold higher than resveratrol levels. This increase is associated with glycosylation during growth and development. The duration of exposure and concentrations of elicitors were crucial factors affecting resveratrol synthase expression. Of all the elicitors tested, jasmonic acid and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) were strong elicitors; they increased resveratrol production to ≤115.1 μg g−1 (total resveratrol and piceid content). Moreover, 5 μM of MeJA increased total resveratrol production by >96.4% relative to the control production. In addition, the extract of cell suspension treated with 5 μM of MeJA significantly reduced melanin content and cellular tyrosinase activity (24.2% and 21.5% relative to the control, respectively) in melan-a cells without disturbing cell viability. Overall, elicitation can enhance resveratrol production and elicit the biological activity of the compound, in this case, its anti-melanogenic activities, in DJ526 cell suspension. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Rice Genetics and Breeding)
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