Search for Articles:
Title / Keyword
Author / Affiliation / Email
Journal
Article Type
 
 
Advanced Search
 
Section
Special Issue
Volume
Issue
Number
Page
 
6.4
4.5
Journals
Microorganisms
Special Issues
Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis
share announcement

Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

A special issue of Microorganisms (ISSN 2076-2607). This special issue belongs to the section "Gut Microbiota".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2020) | Viewed by 64136

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Mark Obrenovich

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Pathology and Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University (CWRU), Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
Interests: infectious disease; clinical diagnostics; in vitro; cancer detection; molecular biology; small molecule metabolomics; synbiotics; clinical chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. V. Prakash Reddy

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Chemistry, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO 65409, USA
Interests: clinical chemistry; drug design; carbocation reaction mechanisms; organofluorine chemistry
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

A healthy mycobiota/microbiota–gut–brain neuroendocrine axis is extremely important for the health of the host across its lifespan. The diverse roles of the gut microbial milieu and mycobiota importantly intersect between disease and dysbiosis—e.g., gastrointestinal diseases, obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases are the hottest areas in disease research today and have been widely reported in the last decade. Recent studies have elucidated connections between the gut microbiota and neurological disease and disorders such as depression, anxiety, Alzheimer’s disease (AD), autism, and a host of other brain illnesses. Dysbiosis of the normal gut flora whether from overuse of antibiotics, autoimmune or other mechanisms can have negative consequences for humans, especially throughout key periods during our lifespan as the gut flora changes with age in both phenotype and number of types of species. Neurologic diseases, mental disorders, and euthymic states are influenced by alterations in the metabolites produced by the gut mycobiota and microbiota milieu. However, host immune systems and the function of the gut microbiome in particular are bidirectional with respect to communication between the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the brain, which has only recently been recognized in health and disease. In fact, disruption of the gut–brain axis and its composition is now under investigation in a number of neurological diseases and other issues related to mental health, mental well-being, neurological development, depression, cravings, and anxiety.

We kindly invite you to contribute to this Special Issue in Microorganisms, an MDPI journal that broadly covers interactions between gut microbes, the GI tract, the endocrine system, enteric nervous, immune system, and the central nervous system, with other aspects of the disease that are of interest to you.

Best regards,

Prof. Dr. Mark Obrenovich
Prof. Dr. V. Prakash Reddy
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Microorganisms is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (12 papers)

Download All Papers
Order results
Result details
Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:

Editorial

Jump to: Research, Review, Other

3 pages, 171 KiB  
Editorial
Special Issue: Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis
by Mark Obrenovich and V. Prakash Reddy
Microorganisms 2022, 10(2), 309; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10020309 - 28 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2338
Abstract
There is emerging evidence that human health and disease are modulated by the microbiota and their various metabolites, formed through intestinal and gut bacterial metabolism [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)

Research

Jump to: Editorial, Review, Other

13 pages, 2337 KiB  
Article
Association between Gut Microbiota and Infant’s Temperament in the First Year of Life in a Chinese Birth Cohort
by Ying Wang, Xiaoli Chen, Yun Yu, Yanqun Liu, Qing Zhang and Jinbing Bai
Microorganisms 2020, 8(5), 753; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050753 - 17 May 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 3819
Abstract
Infant temperament characteristics play a critical role in children’s developmental pathways and can predict adulthood psychopathology. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota are associated with human temperament in both adults and young children. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and [...] Read more.
Infant temperament characteristics play a critical role in children’s developmental pathways and can predict adulthood psychopathology. The diversity and composition of the gut microbiota are associated with human temperament in both adults and young children. However, the relationship between the gut microbiota and temperament in 12-month-old infants is rarely studied; this developmental period is when temperament reaches a relatively stable stage. We used high-throughput sequencing methods to explore whether temperament characteristics were associated with gut microbiota diversity and composition. Infants’ fecal samples were collected at 12 months of age for the gut microbiota analysis. Based on the primary caregivers’ reports, infants’ temperaments were measured using the Infant Behavior Questionnaire-revised (IBQ-R). This study included 51 infants, including 20 boys and 31 girls, with a mean age of 12.25 months. Results showed that soothability was positively correlated with maternal education level (β = 0.29, p = 0.043, adjust p = 0.025) and the abundance of Bifidobacterium genera (β = 0.62, p = 0.004, adjust p = 0.002). Conversely, cuddliness was negatively correlated with the abundance of Hungatella genera. There was no significant difference in temperament based on gender. This study demonstrated that gut microbiota composition was associated with temperament in 12-month-old infants. These results point to the importance of gut microbiota balance. Future studies on the mechanisms behind the gut microbiota affecting temperament are warranted. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

12 pages, 2347 KiB  
Article
Reduction in the Choking Phenomenon in Elite Diving Athletes Through Changes in Gut Microbiota Induced by Yogurt Containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12: A Quasi Experimental Study
by Weizhong Dong, Ying Wang, Shuaixiong Liao, Minghang Lai, Li Peng and Gang Song
Microorganisms 2020, 8(4), 597; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040597 - 20 Apr 2020
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2732
Abstract
Objective: The aims of this study are as follows: (1) to understand the relationship between gut microbiota and the choking phenomenon in diving athletes, and (2) to regulate the gut microbiota in diving athletes by drinking yogurt containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 [...] Read more.
Objective: The aims of this study are as follows: (1) to understand the relationship between gut microbiota and the choking phenomenon in diving athletes, and (2) to regulate the gut microbiota in diving athletes by drinking yogurt containing Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 and observe changes in the choking phenomenon in diving athletes. Methods: Experiment 1: A total of 20 diving athletes were tested in low- and high-pressure situations. Gut microbiota (n = 18) composition was then determined and differences in the gut microbiota composition among diving athletes who presented choking vs. no choking were identified. Experiment 2: A total of 16 divers who presented choking were divided into a high yogurt group (n = 6) and a low yogurt group (n = 10) for 15 days. Results: (1) The content of Veillonellaceae in divers who presented choking was significantly higher when compared to divers who did not present choking (p < 0.05). Bifidobacteriaceae (r = −0.52, p < 0.05) and Lactobacillaceae (r = −0.66, p < 0.05) were negatively correlated with the choking index. (2) During experiment 2, the average daily intake of the high yogurt group was 611.78 ± 94.94 mL and the average daily intake of the low yogurt group was 338 ± 71.45 mL and the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae was significantly higher in the high yogurt group than in the low yogurt group. After the experiment, the choking index in the high yogurt group became significantly lower than that of the low yogurt group (z = −3.26, p < 0.001). Conclusion: The intake of yogurt containing B. animalis subsp. lactis can increase the abundance of Bifidobacteriaceae in elite diving athletes and their performance under high pressure. Hence, gut microbiota may affect the choking phenomenon in elite diving athletes. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

10 pages, 844 KiB  
Article
High Resolution Melt Assays to Detect and Identify Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Bacillus cereus, Escherichia coli, and Clostridioides difficile Bacteria
by Allison C. Bender, Jessica A. Faulkner, Katherine Tulimieri, Thomas H. Boise and Kelly M. Elkins
Microorganisms 2020, 8(4), 561; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040561 - 14 Apr 2020
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2926
Abstract
Over one hundred bacterial species have been determined to comprise the human microbiota in a healthy individual. Bacteria including Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Clostridioides difficile, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are found inside of the human body and B. cereus and E. [...] Read more.
Over one hundred bacterial species have been determined to comprise the human microbiota in a healthy individual. Bacteria including Escherichia coli, Bacillus cereus, Clostridioides difficile, and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are found inside of the human body and B. cereus and E. coli are also found on the skin. These bacteria can act as human pathogens upon ingestion of contaminated food or water, if they enter an open wound, or antibiotics, and environment or stress can alter the microbiome. In this study, we present new polymerase chain reaction (PCR) high-resolution melt (HRM) assays to detect and identify the above microorganisms. Amplified DNA from C. difficile, E. coli, B. cereus, and V. parahaemolyticus melted at 80.37 ± 0.45 °C, 82.15 ± 0.37 °C, 84.43 ± 0.50 °C, and 86.74 ± 0.65 °C, respectively. A triplex PCR assay was developed to simultaneously detect and identify E. coli, B. cereus, and V. parahaemolyticus, and cultured microorganisms were successfully amplified, detected, and identified. The assays demonstrated sensitivity, specificity, reproducibility, and robustness in testing. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Graphical abstract

18 pages, 2644 KiB  
Communication
The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis–Heart Shunt Part II: Prosaic Foods and the Brain–Heart Connection in Alzheimer Disease
by Mark Obrenovich, Shams Tabrez, Bushra Siddiqui, Benjamin McCloskey and George Perry
Microorganisms 2020, 8(4), 493; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040493 - 31 Mar 2020
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 6678
Abstract
There is a strong cerebrovascular component to brain aging, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia. Foods, common drugs, and the polyphenolic compounds contained in wine modulate health both directly and through the gut microbiota. This observation and novel findings centered on nutrition, biochemistry, and [...] Read more.
There is a strong cerebrovascular component to brain aging, Alzheimer disease, and vascular dementia. Foods, common drugs, and the polyphenolic compounds contained in wine modulate health both directly and through the gut microbiota. This observation and novel findings centered on nutrition, biochemistry, and metabolism, as well as the newer insights we gain into the microbiota-gut-brain axis, now lead us to propose a shunt to this classic triad, which involves the heart and cerebrovascular systems. The French paradox and prosaic foods, as they relate to the microbiota-gut-brain axis and neurodegenerative diseases, are discussed in this manuscript, which is the second part of a two-part series of concept papers addressing the notion that the microbiota and host liver metabolism all play roles in brain and heart health. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

27 pages, 1701 KiB  
Communication
The Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis Heart Shunt Part I: The French Paradox, Heart Disease and the Microbiota
by Mark Obrenovich, Bushra Siddiqui, Benjamin McCloskey and V. Prakash Reddy
Microorganisms 2020, 8(4), 490; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040490 - 30 Mar 2020
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 5715
Abstract
It has been well established that a vegetarian and polyphenol-rich diet, including fruits, vegetables, teas, juices, wine, indigestible fiber and whole grains, provide health-promoting phytochemicals and phytonutrients that are beneficial for the heart and brain. What is not well-characterized is the affect these [...] Read more.
It has been well established that a vegetarian and polyphenol-rich diet, including fruits, vegetables, teas, juices, wine, indigestible fiber and whole grains, provide health-promoting phytochemicals and phytonutrients that are beneficial for the heart and brain. What is not well-characterized is the affect these foods have when co-metabolized within our dynamic gut and its colonizing flora. The concept of a heart shunt within the microbiota-gut-brain axis underscores the close association between brain and heart health and the so-called “French paradox” offers clues for understanding neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular diseases. Moreover, oxidation-redox reactions and redox properties of so-called brain and heart-protective foods are underappreciated as to their enhanced or deleterious mechanisms of action. Focusing on prodromal stages, and common mechanisms underlying heart, cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, we may unmask and understanding the means to better treat these related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

14 pages, 810 KiB  
Article
Investigating the Gut Microbiota Composition of Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Association with Symptoms
by Joanna Szopinska-Tokov, Sarita Dam, Jilly Naaijen, Prokopis Konstanti, Nanda Rommelse, Clara Belzer, Jan Buitelaar, Barbara Franke, Mirjam Bloemendaal, Esther Aarts and Alejandro Arias Vasquez
Microorganisms 2020, 8(3), 406; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8030406 - 13 Mar 2020
Cited by 59 | Viewed by 5977 | Correction
Abstract
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Given the growing evidence of gut microbiota being involved in psychiatric (including neurodevelopmental) disorders, we aimed to identify differences in gut microbiota composition between participants with ADHD and controls and to investigate the role of [...] Read more.
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. Given the growing evidence of gut microbiota being involved in psychiatric (including neurodevelopmental) disorders, we aimed to identify differences in gut microbiota composition between participants with ADHD and controls and to investigate the role of the microbiota in inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity. Fecal samples were collected from 107 participants (NADHD = 42; Ncontrols = 50; NsubthreholdADHD = 15; range age: 13–29 years). The relative quantification of bacterial taxa was done using 16S ribosomal RNA gene amplicon sequencing. Alpha and Beta-diversity were not different between participants with ADHD and healthy controls. Three genera showed nominal differences (puncorrected < 0.05) between both groups (Prevotella_9, Coprococcus_2 and Intestinibacter) and were further tested for their association with ADHD symptom scores (adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, a time delay between feces collection and symptoms assessment, medication use and family relatedness). Our results show that the variation of a genus from the Lachnospiraceae family (Coprococcus_2) showed a trend of being negatively associated with inattention symptoms. Furthermore, we showed that the relative abundance of four genera was reduced by ADHD medication (puncorrected < 0.05). Overall, our results may support the role of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiology of ADHD. Given the scarcity of studies on the gut microbiota in individuals with ADHD, the current results are an important contribution to this field. More studies are needed into the gut microbiota as part of the pathology of ADHD, especially with a bigger sample size across the lifespan and more detailed information about lifestyle. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Review

Jump to: Editorial, Research, Other

28 pages, 880 KiB  
Review
The Role of the Microbiota–Gut–Brain Axis and Antibiotics in ALS and Neurodegenerative Diseases
by Mark Obrenovich, Hayden Jaworski, Tara Tadimalla, Adil Mistry, Lorraine Sykes, George Perry and Robert A. Bonomo
Microorganisms 2020, 8(5), 784; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8050784 - 23 May 2020
Cited by 39 | Viewed by 6500
Abstract
The human gut hosts a wide and diverse ecosystem of microorganisms termed the microbiota, which line the walls of the digestive tract and colon where they co-metabolize digestible and indigestible food to contribute a plethora of biochemical compounds with diverse biological functions. The [...] Read more.
The human gut hosts a wide and diverse ecosystem of microorganisms termed the microbiota, which line the walls of the digestive tract and colon where they co-metabolize digestible and indigestible food to contribute a plethora of biochemical compounds with diverse biological functions. The influence gut microbes have on neurological processes is largely yet unexplored. However, recent data regarding the so-called leaky gut, leaky brain syndrome suggests a potential link between the gut microbiota, inflammation and host co-metabolism that may affect neuropathology both locally and distally from sites where microorganisms are found. The focus of this manuscript is to draw connection between the microbiota–gut–brain (MGB) axis, antibiotics and the use of “BUGS AS DRUGS” for neurodegenerative diseases, their treatment, diagnoses and management and to compare the effect of current and past pharmaceuticals and antibiotics for alternative mechanisms of action for brain and neuronal disorders, such as Alzheimer disease (AD), Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), mood disorders, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorders and others. It is a paradigm shift to suggest these diseases can be largely affected by unknown aspects of the microbiota. Therefore, a future exists for applying microbial, chemobiotic and chemotherapeutic approaches to enhance translational and personalized medical outcomes. Microbial modifying applications, such as CRISPR technology and recombinant DNA technology, among others, echo a theme in shifting paradigms, which involve the gut microbiota (GM) and mycobiota and will lead to potential gut-driven treatments for refractory neurologic diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

21 pages, 279 KiB  
Review
Role of Gut Microbiota in Neuroendocrine Regulation of Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism via the Microbiota-Gut-Brain-Liver Axis
by Shu-Zhi Wang, Yi-Jing Yu and Khosrow Adeli
Microorganisms 2020, 8(4), 527; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8040527 - 07 Apr 2020
Cited by 96 | Viewed by 10931
Abstract
Gut microbiota play an important role in maintaining intestinal health and are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Recent studies have shown that the central nervous system (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS) can interact with gut microbiota to [...] Read more.
Gut microbiota play an important role in maintaining intestinal health and are involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, lipids, and amino acids. Recent studies have shown that the central nervous system (CNS) and enteric nervous system (ENS) can interact with gut microbiota to regulate nutrient metabolism. The vagal nerve system communicates between the CNS and ENS to control gastrointestinal tract functions and feeding behavior. Vagal afferent neurons also express receptors for gut peptides that are secreted from enteroendocrine cells (EECs), such as cholecystokinin (CCK), ghrelin, leptin, peptide tyrosine tyrosine (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin). Gut microbiota can regulate levels of these gut peptides to influence the vagal afferent pathway and thus regulate intestinal metabolism via the microbiota-gut-brain axis. In addition, bile acids, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), and Immunoglobulin A (IgA) can also exert metabolic control through the microbiota-gut-liver axis. This review is mainly focused on the role of gut microbiota in neuroendocrine regulation of nutrient metabolism via the microbiota-gut-brain-liver axis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
13 pages, 1723 KiB  
Review
Polyphenols in Alzheimer’s Disease and in the Gut–Brain Axis
by V. Prakash Reddy, Puspa Aryal, Sara Robinson, Raheemat Rafiu, Mark Obrenovich and George Perry
Microorganisms 2020, 8(2), 199; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8020199 - 31 Jan 2020
Cited by 60 | Viewed by 8138
Abstract
Polyphenolic antioxidants, including dietary plant lignans, modulate the gut–brain axis, which involves transformation of these polyphenolic compounds into physiologically active and neuroprotector compounds (called human lignans) through gut bacterial metabolism. These gut bacterial metabolites exert their neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative diseases, such [...] Read more.
Polyphenolic antioxidants, including dietary plant lignans, modulate the gut–brain axis, which involves transformation of these polyphenolic compounds into physiologically active and neuroprotector compounds (called human lignans) through gut bacterial metabolism. These gut bacterial metabolites exert their neuroprotective effects in various neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and also have protective effects against other diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, cancer, and diabetes. For example, enterolactone and enterodiol, the therapeutically relevant polyphenols, are formed as the secondary gut bacterial metabolites of lignans, the non-flavonoid polyphenolic compounds found in plant-based foods. These compounds are also acetylcholinesterase inhibitors, and thereby have potential applications as therapeutics in AD and other neurological diseases. Polyphenols are also advanced glycation end product (AGE) inhibitors (antiglycating agents), and thereby exert neuroprotective effects in cases of AD. Thus, gut bacterial metabolism of lignans and other dietary polyphenolic compounds results in the formation of neuroprotective polyphenols—some of which have enhanced blood–brain barrier permeability. It is hypothesized that gut bacterial metabolism-derived polyphenols, when combined with the nanoparticle-based blood–brain barrier (BBB)-targeted drug delivery, may prove to be effective therapeutics for various neurological disorders, including traumatic brain injury (TBI), AD, and PD. This mini-review addresses the role of polyphenolic compounds in the gut–brain axis, focusing on AD. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Other

8 pages, 744 KiB  
Correction
Correction: Szopinska-Tokov et al. Investigating the Gut Microbiota Composition of Individuals with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder and Association with Symptoms. Microorganisms 2020, 8, 406
by Joanna Szopinska-Tokov, Sarita Dam, Jilly Naaijen, Prokopis Konstanti, Nanda Rommelse, Clara Belzer, Jan Buitelaar, Barbara Franke, Mirjam Bloemendaal, Esther Aarts and Alejandro Arias Vasquez
Microorganisms 2021, 9(7), 1358; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071358 - 23 Jun 2021
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 2124
Abstract
The authors wish to make the following correction to this paper [...] Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

15 pages, 2606 KiB  
Case Report
Microbiota, Microbial Metabolites, and Barrier Function in A Patient with Anorexia Nervosa after Fecal Microbiota Transplantation
by Petra Prochazkova, Radka Roubalova, Jiri Dvorak, Helena Tlaskalova-Hogenova, Martina Cermakova, Petra Tomasova, Blanka Sediva, Marek Kuzma, Josef Bulant, Martin Bilej, Pavel Hrabak, Eva Meisnerova, Alena Lambertova and Hana Papezova
Microorganisms 2019, 7(9), 338; https://doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7090338 - 10 Sep 2019
Cited by 53 | Viewed by 5477
Abstract
The change in the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in a patient suffering from severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (AN) and diagnosed with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) was investigated. Microbial gut dysbiosis is associated with both AN and SIBO, and therefore [...] Read more.
The change in the gut microbiome and microbial metabolites in a patient suffering from severe and enduring anorexia nervosa (AN) and diagnosed with small intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO) was investigated. Microbial gut dysbiosis is associated with both AN and SIBO, and therefore gut microbiome changes by serial fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) is a possible therapeutic modality. This study assessed the effects of FMT on gut barrier function, microbiota composition, and the levels of bacterial metabolic products. The patient treatment with FMT led to the improvement of gut barrier function, which was altered prior to FMT. Very low bacterial alpha diversity, a lack of beneficial bacteria, together with a great abundance of fungal species were observed in the patient stool sample before FMT. After FMT, both bacterial species richness and gut microbiome evenness increased in the patient, while the fungal alpha diversity decreased. The total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) levels (molecules presenting an important source of energy for epithelial gut cells) gradually increased after FMT. Contrarily, one of the most abundant intestinal neurotransmitters, serotonin, tended to decrease throughout the observation period. Overall, gut microbial dysbiosis improvement after FMT was considered. However, there were no signs of patient clinical improvement. The need for an in-depth analysis of the donor´s stool and correct selection pre-FMT is evident. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis)
►▼ Show Figures

Figure 1

Show export options expand_more Show export options expand_less
Select all
Export citation of selected articles as:
 
Displaying articles 1-12
Back to TopTop