Metabolic and Ecotoxicological Impacts of Chemical Exposures on Aquatic Organisms

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Environmental Metabolomics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 May 2024 | Viewed by 1151

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
Interests: biochemistry; ecotoxicology; behavior; exercise; alternative animal models; metabolism

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Guest Editor
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil
Interests: biochemistry; immunology; ecotoxicology; animal behavior; alternative models

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The aquatic environment is prone to accumulating and concentrating environmental contaminants stemming from human activities, primarily due to surface runoff and leaching processes. A variety of environmental contaminants are known to accumulate in water resources, affecting diverse populations of aquatic organisms and, subsequently, the organisms that are dependent on them. Key environmental contaminants in this setting include heavy metals, agrochemicals, and microplastics. Even at low concentrations, these substances can elicit a range of effects on metabolism, leading to behavioral, developmental, and reproductive changes, while also reducing the lifespan of aquatic species. Therefore, it is evident that environmental contamination is a major driver of aquatic species extinction.

A significant challenge today revolves around understanding how different contaminants collectively impact the metabolism of aquatic organisms. Typically, aquatic organisms experience simultaneous exposure to multiple environmental contaminants at various stages of development. This multi-contaminant exposure significantly heightens the complexity of metabolic and environmental interactions.

The forthcoming Special Issue of Metabolites, entitled "Metabolic and Ecotoxicological Impacts of Chemical Exposures on Aquatic Organisms", will feature both review articles and original research that delve into the consequences of chemical exposures on aquatic organisms. It will thoroughly investigate the metabolic and ecotoxicological repercussions of these exposures. The research underscores how various chemicals, including pollutants and contaminants, can disrupt the metabolic processes of aquatic organisms, ultimately causing adverse effects on their overall well-being and the ecosystems in which they reside. This Special Issue will provide valuable insights into the challenges presented by chemical contamination in aquatic environments, emphasizing the critical need for more stringent monitoring and conservation efforts to mitigate these impacts.

Dr. Mauro Eugênio Medina Nunes
Dr. Talise Ellwanger Muller
Guest Editors

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Keywords

  • environment contaminants
  • biomarkers
  • ecological risk
  • bioaccumulation
  • pollutants

Published Papers (1 paper)

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Research

16 pages, 3834 KiB  
Article
Evaluation of the Aquatic Toxicity of Several Triazole Fungicides
by Bianca-Vanesa Boros, Diana-Larisa Roman and Adriana Isvoran
Metabolites 2024, 14(4), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo14040197 - 02 Apr 2024
Viewed by 959
Abstract
Fungicides play an important role in crop protection, but they have also been shown to adversely affect non-target organisms, including those living in the aquatic environment. The aim of the present study is to combine experimental and computational approaches to evaluate the effects [...] Read more.
Fungicides play an important role in crop protection, but they have also been shown to adversely affect non-target organisms, including those living in the aquatic environment. The aim of the present study is to combine experimental and computational approaches to evaluate the effects of flutriafol, metconazole, myclobutanil, tebuconazole, tetraconazole and triticonazole on aquatic model organisms and to obtain information on the effects of these fungicides on Lemna minor, a freshwater plant, at the molecular level. The EC50 (the half-maximum effective concentration) values for the growth inhibition of Lemna minor in the presence of the investigated fungicides show that metconazole (EC50 = 0.132 mg/L) and tetraconazole (EC50 = 0.539 mg/L) are highly toxic, tebuconazole (EC50 = 1.552 mg/L), flutriafol (EC50 = 3.428 mg/L) and myclobutanil (EC50 = 9.134 mg/L) are moderately toxic, and triticonazole (EC50 = 11.631 mg/L) is slightly toxic to this plant. The results obtained with the computational tools TEST, ADMETLab2.0 and admetSAR2.0 also show that metconazole and tetraconazole are toxic to other aquatic organisms: Pimephales promelas, Daphnia magna and Tetrahymena pyriformis. A molecular docking study shows that triazole fungicides can affect photosynthesis in Lemna minor because they strongly bind to C43 (binding energies between −7.44 kcal/mol and −7.99 kcal/mol) and C47 proteins (binding energies between −7.44 kcal/mol and −8.28 kcal/mol) in the reaction center of photosystem II, inhibiting the binding of chlorophyll a to these enzymes. In addition, they can also inhibit glutathione S-transferase, an enzyme involved in the cellular detoxification of Lemna minor. Full article
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