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Metabolites
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Diet, Metabolites and Adipose Tissue Metabolism
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Diet, Metabolites and Adipose Tissue Metabolism

A special issue of Metabolites (ISSN 2218-1989). This special issue belongs to the section "Nutrition and Metabolism".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 September 2021) | Viewed by 10677

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Frédéric Capel

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH), Institut National de Recherche pour L’agriculture, L’alimentation et L’environnement (INRAE), Université Clermont Auvergne, CRNH Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France
Interests: lipid nutrition; muscle metabolism; diet; metabolites; adipose tissue metabolism
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The development of dietary-related metabolic disorders is related to the interplay of multiple organs and tissues, e.g., fat, muscle, the heart, the digestive track (the liver, gut, etc.), and the brain. Among these, adipose tissue has a crucial impact. Dietary fats and sugars can modulate adipose tissue physiology and metabolism. This tissue plays roles in both energy storage and humoral secretion. Several adipose-derived secretions were identified to play meaningful roles in several physiological and biological processes, such as the control of energy balance, insulin sensitivity, or systemic inflammation. However, many studies still remain to be performed to understand the interplay between the organs and metabolic pathways involved in metabolic alterations in patients suffering from obesity, metabolic syndrome, or other pathologies involving alterations in adipose tissue mass or biology. Dietary signals may modulate the secretory activity of the adipose tissue. The development of omics technologies has allowed the identification of numerous genes, peptides, proteins, and lipids that could contribute to the physiopathological adaptations and the interactions between organs in obesogenic environments, and which could also contribute to the effects of nutritional or pharmacological preventive approaches or treatments. The current Special Issue is dedicated to investigations related to the characterization of genes or molecules that could play roles in adipose tissue adaptations during metabolic disorders or in interventional strategies, including dietary and pharmacological approaches.

Dr. Frédéric Capel
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Metabolites is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • metabolic disorders
  • adipose tissue physiology
  • metabolism
  • metabolic pathways
  • omics technology

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 4019 KiB  
Article
Adipose Tissue Dysfunctions in Response to an Obesogenic Diet Are Reduced in Mice after Transgenerational Supplementation with Omega 3 Fatty Acids
by Alexandre Pinel, Jean-Paul Rigaudière, Béatrice Morio and Frédéric Capel
Metabolites 2021, 11(12), 838; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11120838 - 04 Dec 2021
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 2384
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by profound alterations in adipose tissue (AT) biology, leading to whole body metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. These alterations are related to the development of a local inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy of adipocytes, and dysregulation in energy [...] Read more.
Obesity is characterized by profound alterations in adipose tissue (AT) biology, leading to whole body metabolic disturbances such as insulin resistance and cardiovascular diseases. These alterations are related to the development of a local inflammation, fibrosis, hypertrophy of adipocytes, and dysregulation in energy homeostasis, notably in visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Omega 3 (n-3) fatty acids (FA) have been described to possess beneficial effects against obesity-related disorders, including in the AT; however, the long-term effect across generations remains unknown. The current study was conducted to identify if supplementation with n-3 polyunsaturated FA (PUFA) for three generations could protect from the consequences of an obesogenic diet in VAT. Young mice from the third generation of a lineage receiving a daily supplementation (1% of the diet) with fish oil rich in eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) or an isocaloric amount of sunflower oil, were fed a high-fat, high-sugar content diet for 4 months. We explore the transcriptomic adaptations in each lineage using DNA microarray in VAT and bioinformatic exploration of biological regulations using online databases. Transgenerational intake of EPA led to a reduced activation of inflammatory processes, perturbation in metabolic homeostasis, cholesterol metabolism, and mitochondrial functions in response to the obesogenic diet as compared to control mice from a control lineage. This suggests that the continuous intake of long chain n-3 PUFA could be preventive in situations of oversupply of energy-dense, nutrient-poor foods. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Metabolites and Adipose Tissue Metabolism)
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16 pages, 1850 KiB  
Article
Opposing Immune-Metabolic Signature in Visceral Versus Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue in Patients with Adenocarcinoma of the Oesophagus and the Oesophagogastric Junction
by Aisling B. Heeran, Jessica McCready, Margaret R. Dunne, Noel E. Donlon, Timothy S. Nugent, Anshul Bhardwaj, Kathleen A. J. Mitchelson, Amy M. Buckley, Narayanasamy Ravi, Helen M. Roche, John V. Reynolds, Niamh Lynam-Lennon and Jacintha O’Sullivan
Metabolites 2021, 11(11), 768; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110768 - 10 Nov 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2217
Abstract
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an exemplar model of obesity-associated cancer. Previous work in our group has demonstrated that overweight/obese OAC patients have better responses to neoadjuvant therapy, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Unravelling the immune–metabolic signatures of adipose tissue may provide insight [...] Read more.
Oesophageal adenocarcinoma (OAC) is an exemplar model of obesity-associated cancer. Previous work in our group has demonstrated that overweight/obese OAC patients have better responses to neoadjuvant therapy, but the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Unravelling the immune–metabolic signatures of adipose tissue may provide insight for this observation. We hypothesised that different metabolic pathways predominate in visceral (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) and inflammatory secretions will differ between the fat depots. Real-time ex vivo metabolic profiles of VAT and SAT from 12 OAC patients were analysed. These samples were screened for the secretion of 54 inflammatory mediators, and data were correlated with patient body composition. Oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) was significantly higher in VAT when compared to SAT. OXPHOS was significantly higher in the SAT of patients receiving neoadjuvant treatment. VEGF-A, VEGF-C, P1GF, Flt-1, bFGF, IL-15, IL-16, IL-17A, CRP, SAA, ICAM-1, VCAM-1, IL-2, IL-13, IFN-γ, and MIP-1β secretions were significantly higher from VAT than SAT. Higher levels of bFGF, Eotaxin-3, and TNF-α were secreted from the VAT of obese patients, while higher levels of IL-23 and TARC were secreted from the SAT of obese patients. The angiogenic factors, bFGF and VEGF-C, correlated with visceral fat area. Levels of OXPHOS are higher in VAT than SAT. Angiogenic, vascular injury and inflammatory cytokines are elevated in VAT versus SAT, indicating that VAT may promote inflammation, linked to regulating treatment response. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Metabolites and Adipose Tissue Metabolism)
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20 pages, 6954 KiB  
Article
Anti-Obesity Effect of Hot Water Extract of Barley Sprout through the Inhibition of Adipocyte Differentiation and Growth
by Myeong-Jin Kim, Hye-Won Kawk, Sang-Hyeon Kim, Hyo-Jae Lee, Ji-Won Seo, Jong-Tae Kim, Seung-Hee Jang, Min-Jeong Kim and Young-Min Kim
Metabolites 2021, 11(9), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11090610 - 08 Sep 2021
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2473
Abstract
Barley sprouts are known to have several effective physiological activities. In this study, the anti-obesity effect of a barley sprout hot water extract (BSE) was confirmed. Saponarin was quantitatively analyzed in BSE using HPLC, and the inhibitory effect on 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation into [...] Read more.
Barley sprouts are known to have several effective physiological activities. In this study, the anti-obesity effect of a barley sprout hot water extract (BSE) was confirmed. Saponarin was quantitatively analyzed in BSE using HPLC, and the inhibitory effect on 3T3-L1 pre-adipocyte differentiation into adipocytes was confirmed by Oil Red O staining, TG assay, and Western blotting. In addition, the inhibitory effect of BSE on adipocyte growth was confirmed through glucose uptake and lipolysis of adipocytes. C57/BL/6N mice were induced to obesity with a high-fat diet, and BSE was administered to confirm the effect on an animal model. Weight gain, morphological changes in adipose tissue, changes in the food efficiency ratio, and blood biochemical changes were observed, and an improvement effect on fatty liver was confirmed. As a result, the anti-obesity effect of BSE was confirmed in vitro, and it was confirmed that this effect was also effective in vivo and that it could be helpful in the treatment of obesity-related diseases. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Metabolites and Adipose Tissue Metabolism)
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Review

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13 pages, 1628 KiB  
Review
Plasma Ceramides Pathophysiology, Measurements, Challenges, and Opportunities
by Melania Gaggini, Alessandro Pingitore and Cristina Vassalle
Metabolites 2021, 11(11), 719; https://doi.org/10.3390/metabo11110719 - 21 Oct 2021
Cited by 22 | Viewed by 2903
Abstract
Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular [...] Read more.
Ceramides are a family of lipid molecules, composed of sphingosine and a fatty acid, and transported by lipoproteins (primarily by low-density lipoproteins) in the bloodstream. They are not only structural lipids, but multifunctional and bioactive molecules with key roles in many important cellular pathways, such as inflammatory processes and apoptosis, representing potential biomarkers of cardiometabolic diseases as well as pharmacological targets. Recent data reported ceramide modulation by diet and aerobic exercise, suggesting nutrients and exercise-targeting sphingolipid pathways as a countermeasure, also in combination with other therapies, for risk and progression of chronic disease prevention and health maintenance. In this review, we focus on the available data regarding remarks on ceramide structure and metabolism, their pathophysiologic roles, and the effect of dietary habit and aerobic exercise on ceramide levels. Moreover, advancements and limitations of lipidomic techniques and simplification attempts to overcome difficulties of interpretation and to facilitate practical applications, such as the proposal of scores, are also discussed. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Diet, Metabolites and Adipose Tissue Metabolism)
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