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Medicina
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Advances in Epidemiological and Statistical Methods for Medical Research
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Advances in Epidemiological and Statistical Methods for Medical Research

A special issue of Medicina (ISSN 1648-9144). This special issue belongs to the section "Epidemiology & Public Health".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 31 December 2024 | Viewed by 1134

Special Issue Editor

Prof. Dr. Jimmy T. Efird

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. VA Cooperative Studies Program Coordinating Center, Boston, MA 02130, USA
2. Department of Radiation Oncology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA
Interests: statistical methods; epidemiological study design; risk modeling; cardiovascular disease; cancer
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

We are pleased to announce this Special Issue entitled “Advances in Epidemiological and Statistical Methods for Medical Research". In additional to original methodologic research, we are particularly interested in topic overviews, tutorials, and seminal work of current interest in the field.

We hope this Special Issue will be of interest to you. Collaboration with students and research fellows in your group also is encouraged. Following submission, manuscripts will receive prompt attention and undergo fair but thorough review by experts in the field. 

Your questions are welcome, as are pre-submission queries regarding the suitability of and interest in your manuscript.

Prof. Dr. Jimmy T. Efird
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Medicina is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 1800 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • epidemiologic methods
  • causal inference
  • clinical trial methodology
  • mendelian randomization
  • imputation techniques
  • log-linear models
  • genetic biomarker analysis
  • statistical genetics modeling
  • bayesian methods
  • advanced methods for risk assessment
  • survival analysis and longitudinal data methods
  • epidemiological measures
  • pharmacoepidemiological analytics
  • spatial analysis
  • medical research methodology
  • multivariate modelling
  • big data approaches and machine learning

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

11 pages, 2292 KiB  
Article
Leukemia Types and Subtypes Analysis: Epidemiological Age-Standardized Exploration in the Mexican Bajio Region
by Pablo Romero-Morelos, Ana Lilia González-Yebra, Luis Jonathan Bueno-Rosario and Beatriz González-Yebra
Medicina 2024, 60(5), 731; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60050731 (registering DOI) - 28 Apr 2024
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Abstract
Background and Objectives: Leukemia, characterized by abnormal leukocyte production, exhibits clonal origin from somatic mutations. Globally, it ranked 15th in cancer incidence in 2020, with higher prevalence in developing countries. In Mexico, it was the ninth most frequent cancer. Regional registries are [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Leukemia, characterized by abnormal leukocyte production, exhibits clonal origin from somatic mutations. Globally, it ranked 15th in cancer incidence in 2020, with higher prevalence in developing countries. In Mexico, it was the ninth most frequent cancer. Regional registries are vital for understanding its epidemiology. This study aims to analyze the prevalence and age-standardized incidence rates of leukemias in a tertiary care hospital in the Mexican Bajio region. Materials and Methods: Leukemia cases from 2008–2018 were analyzed, and 535 medical records were included in this study. The prevalence, distribution, and age-specific incidence rate of different types and subtypes of leukemia were determined according to sex and age groups. Results: Overall, 65.79% consisted of lymphocytic leukemia, 33.64% of myeloid leukemia, and 0.56% of monocytic leukemia. No significant sex-based differences were found, but age-specific patterns were observed. Leukemia distribution by age revealed significant associations. Lymphocytic leukemia dominated in the pediatric population, particularly acute lymphocytic leukemia, while myeloid leukemia shifted towards adulthood. Age-specific incidence patterns showed, first, that lymphocytic leukemia is the most common leukemia in pediatric ages, and second, there is a shift from acute lymphocytic leukemia dominance in pediatric ages to myeloid leukemia incidence in late adulthood, emphasizing nuanced epidemiological dynamics. Conclusions: Acute leukemia cases occurred with high prevalence in our study population, with a high incidence in pediatric and adulthood populations, especially for acute lymphocytic leukemia, showing a (<18 years) 153.8 age-standardized incidence rate in the pediatric group, while in the adult population, the age-standardized rate was 59.84. In the age-specific analysis, we found that the childhood group (5–9 years) were the most affected by acute lymphocytic leukemia in the pediatric population, while in the adult population, the early-adulthood group (15–29 years) were the most affected age group. In contrast, chronic myeloid leukemia affected both adults and the pediatric populations, while chronic lymphocytic leukemia and monocytic leukemia were exclusive to adults. The study underscores the need for tailored diagnostic, treatment, and preventive strategies based on age, contributing valuable insights into the leukemia epidemiology of the Bajio region. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Epidemiological and Statistical Methods for Medical Research)
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21 pages, 1579 KiB  
Article
Nutritional and Lifestyle Features in a Mediterranean Cohort: An Epidemiological Instrument for Categorizing Metabotypes Based on a Computational Algorithm
by Aquilino García-Perea, Edwin Fernández-Cruz, Victor de la O-Pascual, Eduardo Gonzalez-Zorzano, María J. Moreno-Aliaga, Josep A. Tur and J. Alfredo Martinez
Medicina 2024, 60(4), 610; https://doi.org/10.3390/medicina60040610 - 08 Apr 2024
Viewed by 632
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Modern classification and categorization of individuals’ health requires personalized variables such as nutrition, physical activity, lifestyle, and medical data through advanced analysis and clustering methods involving machine learning tools. The objective of this project was to categorize Mediterranean dwellers’ health [...] Read more.
Background and Objectives: Modern classification and categorization of individuals’ health requires personalized variables such as nutrition, physical activity, lifestyle, and medical data through advanced analysis and clustering methods involving machine learning tools. The objective of this project was to categorize Mediterranean dwellers’ health factors and design metabotypes to provide personalized well-being in order to develop professional implementation tools in addition to characterizing nutritional and lifestyle features in such populations. Materials and Methods: A two-phase observational study was conducted by the Pharmacists Council to identify Spanish nutritional and lifestyle characteristics. Adults over 18 years of age completed questionnaires on general lifestyle habits, dietary patterns (FFQ, MEDAS-17 p), physical activity (IPAQ), quality of life (SF-12), and validated well-being indices (LS7, MEDLIFE, HHS, MHL). Subsequently, exploratory factor, clustering, and random forest analysis methods were conducted to objectively define the metabotypes considering population determinants. Results: A total of 46.4% of the sample (n = 5496) had moderate-to-high adherence to the Mediterranean diet (>8 points), while 71% of the participants declared that they had moderate physical activity. Almost half of the volunteers had a good self-perception of health (49.9%). Regarding lifestyle index, population LS7 showed a fair cardiovascular health status (7.9 ± 1.7), as well as moderate quality of life by MEDLIFE (9.3 ± 2.6) and MHL scores (2.4 ± 0.8). In addition, five metabotype models were developed based on 26 variables: Westernized Millennial (28.6%), healthy (25.1%), active Mediterranean (16.5%), dysmetabolic/pre-morbid (11.5%), and metabolically vulnerable/pro-morbid (18.3%). Conclusions: The support of tools related to precision nutrition and lifestyle integrates well-being characteristics and contributes to reducing the impact of unhealthy lifestyle habits with practical implications for primary care. Combining lifestyle, metabolic, and quality of life traits will facilitate personalized precision interventions and the implementation of targeted public health policies. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances in Epidemiological and Statistical Methods for Medical Research)
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