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Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0
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Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0

A special issue of Journal of Fungi (ISSN 2309-608X).

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 January 2023) | Viewed by 15209

Special Issue Editors

Prof. Dr. Samantha C. Karunarathna

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
1. Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
2. National Institute of Fundamental Studies (NIFS), Kandy, Sri Lanka
Interests: fungal taxonomy; fungal phylogeny; Basidiomycota; Ascomycota; fungal pathogens
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Saowaluck Tibpromma

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization, College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China
Interests: fungal taxonomy; fungal phylogeny; fungal pathogens; fungal endophytes; Ascomycota
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Fungi are the second most species-rich group after insects. Thus, it is more challenging to estimate the total number of extant fungi species than it is with plants and animals. Fungi play key roles in ecosystems as decomposers, endophytes, mutualists, and pathogens. However, in most cases, the roles of individual fungi in nature are still unknown. Describing and understanding the natural roles of fungal species can help humankind to overcome fungal diseases and better utilize fungal resources. Identification can be a long and seemingly never-ending process, with frequent revisions of the taxonomic schemes, and it is gradually becoming clearer that fungal identification and authentication require a multiple-step approach in order to generate accurate and useful data. This means that it is necessary to combine more traditional phenotypic and physiological approaches with modern molecular biology. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFPLs), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPDs), amplified fragment length polymorphism-PCR (AFLPs-PCR), Next Generation Sequencing (NGS), DNA barcoding, and Whole Genome Sequencing have all been used to distinguish fungal taxa that are difficult to identify by traditional morphological methods. It is assumed that the genotype of a fungal species is only an indirect indication of its phenotype and ecological adaptations. In other words, a fungal species can be defined as the smallest aggregation of populations with a common lineage that share unique diagnosable phenotypic features.

Recently, the so-called polyphasic approach has been developed for consistent identification and characterization of fungi. The polyphasic approach consists of the use of different techniques based on the systematization of scientific knowledge. Different methodologies used in this approach include micro- and macro-morphology, biochemical analyses, and molecular biology. These methods assist taxonomists in establishing a consolidated species concept.

This Special Issue will focus on the polyphasic identification of fungi. Studies covering the taxonomy, ecology, physiology, and phylogeny of fungi and fungal biodiversity estimates are welcome.

Dr. Samantha C. Karunarathna
Dr. Saowaluck Tibpromma
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Fungi is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • epitypification
  • fungal diversity
  • fungal taxonomy
  • fungal phylogeny
  • fungal ecology
  • fungal physiology

Published Papers (8 papers)

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Research

14 pages, 4783 KiB  
Article
Four New Species of Torula (Torulaceae, Pleosporales) from Sichuan, China
by Wenhui Tian, Pengwei Su, Yanpeng Chen and Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura
J. Fungi 2023, 9(2), 150; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020150 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1756
Abstract
Torula is an asexual and hyphomycetous genus in the family Torulaceae. Torula species are generally saprophytic. They have a worldwide distribution and abound in humid or freshwater habitats. In order to better understand this genus, we carried out several field collections from Sichuan, [...] Read more.
Torula is an asexual and hyphomycetous genus in the family Torulaceae. Torula species are generally saprophytic. They have a worldwide distribution and abound in humid or freshwater habitats. In order to better understand this genus, we carried out several field collections from Sichuan, China. As a result, we obtained nine Torula isolates from dead woody substrates in terrestrial and freshwater habitats. Based on a biphasic approach of morphological examination and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses (ITS, SSU, LSU, TEF, RPB2), these collections were identified as belonging to seven Torula species. Four of them were new species (Torula chinensis, T. longiconidiophora, T. sichuanensis and T. submersa), and the other three belonged to existing species, though one was found for the first time in China (T. masonii). Morphological and updated phylogenetic delamination of the new discoveries is also discussed. This study provides further insights into our understanding of wood-based Torula species in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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31 pages, 4458 KiB  
Article
Additions to Rhytidhysteron (Hysteriales, Dothideomycetes) in China
by Tian-Ye Du, Dong-Qin Dai, Ausana Mapook, Li Lu, Steven L. Stephenson, Nakarin Suwannarach, Abdallah M. Elgorban, Salim Al-Rejaie, Samantha C. Karunarathna and Saowaluck Tibpromma
J. Fungi 2023, 9(2), 148; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof9020148 - 22 Jan 2023
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 1528
Abstract
In this study, twelve terrestrial hysteriaceous saprobic fungi growing on different pieces of dead wood were collected from Yunnan Province, China. All hysteriaceous strains isolated in this study tallied with the general characteristics associated with Rhytidhysteron. Detailed morphological characteristics and combined multigene [...] Read more.
In this study, twelve terrestrial hysteriaceous saprobic fungi growing on different pieces of dead wood were collected from Yunnan Province, China. All hysteriaceous strains isolated in this study tallied with the general characteristics associated with Rhytidhysteron. Detailed morphological characteristics and combined multigene phylogeny of LSU, ITS, SSU, and TEF showed that the twelve hysteriaceous fungi strains represent four distinct new species, and seven new host or geographical records of Rhytidhysteron. Based on morphological and phylogenetic evidence, the four new species (Rhytidhysteron bannaense sp. nov., R. coffeae sp. nov., R. mengziense sp. nov., and R. yunnanense sp. nov.) expand the number of species of Rhytidhysteron from thirty-three to thirty-seven, while seven new geographical records expand the records of Rhytidhysteron in China from six to thirteen. In addition, 10 new Rhytidhysteron host records are reported for the first time, thus expanding the known hosts for Rhytidhysteron from 52 to 62. Full descriptions, images of the morphology, and phylogenetic analyses to show the position of the Rhytidhysteron taxa are provided. In addition, the present study summarizes the main morphological characteristics, host associations, and locations of this genus. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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36 pages, 7496 KiB  
Article
Taxonomy and Multigene Phylogeny of Diaporthales in Guizhou Province, China
by Si-Yao Wang, Eric H. C. McKenzie, Alan J. L. Phillips, Yan Li and Yong Wang
J. Fungi 2022, 8(12), 1301; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8121301 - 15 Dec 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1762
Abstract
In a study of fungi isolated from plant material in Guizhou Province, China, we identified 23 strains of Diaporthales belonging to nine species. These are identified from multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1, and tub2 gene sequence data coupled [...] Read more.
In a study of fungi isolated from plant material in Guizhou Province, China, we identified 23 strains of Diaporthales belonging to nine species. These are identified from multigene phylogenetic analyses of ITS, LSU, rpb2, tef1, and tub2 gene sequence data coupled with morphological studies. The fungi include a new genus (Pseudomastigosporella) in Foliocryphiaceae isolated from Acer palmatum and Hypericum patulum, a new species of Chrysofolia isolated from Coriaria nepalensis, and five new species of Diaporthe isolated from Juglans regia, Eucommia ulmoides, and Hypericum patulum. Gnomoniopsis rosae and Coniella quercicola are newly recorded species for China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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15 pages, 6259 KiB  
Article
Two New Species and a New Record of Microdochium from Grasses in Yunnan Province, South-West China
by Ying Gao, Guang-Cong Ren, Dhanushka N. Wanasinghe, Jian-Chu Xu, Antonio Roberto Gomes de Farias and Heng Gui
J. Fungi 2022, 8(12), 1297; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8121297 - 14 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1526
Abstract
Microdochium species are frequently reported as phytopathogens on various plants and also as saprobic and soil-inhabiting organisms. As a pathogen, they mainly affect grasses and cereals, causing severe disease in economically valuable crops, resulting in reduced yield and, thus, economic loss. Numerous asexual [...] Read more.
Microdochium species are frequently reported as phytopathogens on various plants and also as saprobic and soil-inhabiting organisms. As a pathogen, they mainly affect grasses and cereals, causing severe disease in economically valuable crops, resulting in reduced yield and, thus, economic loss. Numerous asexual Microdochium species have been described and reported as hyphomycetous. However, the sexual morph is not often found. The main purpose of this study was to describe and illustrate two new species and a new record of Microdochium based on morphological characterization and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses. Surveys of both asexual and sexual morph specimens were conducted from March to June 2021 in Yunnan Province, China. Here, we introduce Microdochium graminearum and M. shilinense, from dead herbaceous stems of grasses and report M. bolleyi as an endophyte of Setaria parviflora leaves. This study improves the understanding of Microdochium species on monocotyledonous flowering plants in East Asia. A summary of the morphological characteristics of the genus and detailed references are provided for use in future research. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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21 pages, 86527 KiB  
Article
Additions to The Knowledge of Tubakia (Tubakiaceae, Diaporthales) in China
by Ya-Quan Zhu, Ning Jiang, Zhi-Peng Dou, Han Xue, Chun-Gen Piao and Yong Li
J. Fungi 2022, 8(11), 1143; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111143 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1222
Abstract
The species of Tubakia (Tubakiaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes) have often been reported as endophytes and pathogens on woody plants. During the investigation of Tubakia species from Fagaceae trees in China, 46 isolates were obtained from diseased leaves and seeds. The characterization of [...] Read more.
The species of Tubakia (Tubakiaceae, Diaporthales, Sordariomycetes) have often been reported as endophytes and pathogens on woody plants. During the investigation of Tubakia species from Fagaceae trees in China, 46 isolates were obtained from diseased leaves and seeds. The characterization of these isolates was based on the observation of morphological characters, the effect of temperature on mycelial growth rate, as well as the combined genes of ITS, tef1 and tub2. As a result, six species were identified: Tubakia americana, T. cyclobalanopsidis sp. nov., T. dryinoides, T. koreana, T. paradryinoides and T. quercicola sp. nov. Among these, T. koreana and T. paradryinoides were firstly discovered in China. Pathogenicity tests were conducted using the conidial suspension on young, excised leaves for these six species, which showed that they were mildly pathogenic to four Fagacece hosts: C. mollissima, Q. acutissima, Q. aliena var. acutiserrata and Q. variabilis. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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15 pages, 3582 KiB  
Article
Morpho-Phylogenetic Evidence Reveals New Species of Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae from Freshwater Habitats in Guizhou Province, China
by Hong-Zhi Du, Jing Yang, Ning-Guo Liu, Ratchadawan Cheewangkoon and Jian-Kui Liu
J. Fungi 2022, 8(11), 1138; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8111138 - 28 Oct 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1657
Abstract
During a survey of freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province, China, six hyphomycetous collections were founded on decaying wood from freshwater habitats. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphology, phylogeny, and culture characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, RPB2 and [...] Read more.
During a survey of freshwater fungi in Guizhou Province, China, six hyphomycetous collections were founded on decaying wood from freshwater habitats. These taxa were characterized and identified based on morphology, phylogeny, and culture characteristics. Phylogenetic analysis of combined LSU, SSU, ITS, RPB2 and TEF1α sequence data indicated that our six isolates formed three distinct lineages and were distributed within Fuscosporellaceae and Savoryellaceae. They can be organized as three new species: Fuscosporella guizhouensis, Mucisporaaquatica and Neoascotaiwaniaguizhouensis. Fuscosporella guizhouensis and Neoascotaiwania guizhouensis have sporodochial conidiomata, micronematous conidiophores and dark brown conidia. The former possesses irregularly ellipsoidal conidia with apical appendages, while the latter has fusiform to obovoid conidia. Mucispora aquatica is characterized by macronematous conidiophores, elongating percurrently and dark brown, narrowly obovoid conidia. The detailed, illustrated descriptions and notes for each new taxon are provided, and the species of Fuscosporella is reported for the first time in China. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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24 pages, 7419 KiB  
Article
Description of Four Novel Species in Pleosporales Associated with Coffee in Yunnan, China
by Li Lu, Samantha C. Karunarathna, Dong-Qin Dai, Yin-Ru Xiong, Nakarin Suwannarach, Steven L. Stephenson, Abdallah M. Elgorban, Salim Al-Rejaie, Ruvishika S. Jayawardena and Saowaluck Tibpromma
J. Fungi 2022, 8(10), 1113; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8101113 - 21 Oct 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 2060
Abstract
In Yunnan Province, the coffee-growing regions are mainly distributed in Pu’er and Xishuangbanna. During the surveys of microfungi associated with coffee in Yunnan Province, seven taxa were isolated from coffee samples. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, [...] Read more.
In Yunnan Province, the coffee-growing regions are mainly distributed in Pu’er and Xishuangbanna. During the surveys of microfungi associated with coffee in Yunnan Province, seven taxa were isolated from coffee samples. Based on molecular phylogenetic analyses of combined ITS, LSU, SSU, rpb2, and tef1-α sequence data and morphological characteristics, four new species viz. Deniquelata yunnanensis, Paraconiothyrium yunnanensis, Pseudocoleophoma puerensis, and Pse. yunnanensis, and three new records viz. Austropleospora keteleeriae, Montagnula thailandica, and Xenocamarosporium acaciae in Pleosporales are introduced. In addition, Paracamarosporium fungicola was transferred back to Paraconiothyrium based on taxonomy and DNA sequences. Full descriptions, illustrations, and phylogenetic trees to show the placement of new and known taxa are provided. In addition, the morphological comparisons of new taxa with closely related taxa are given. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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14 pages, 1949 KiB  
Article
Fusarium spp. Associated with Dendrobium officinale Dieback Disease in China
by Seyed Ali Mirghasempour, Themis Michailides, Weiliang Chen and Bizeng Mao
J. Fungi 2022, 8(9), 919; https://doi.org/10.3390/jof8090919 - 29 Aug 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2524
Abstract
A rare plant species of the Orchidaceae family, Dendrobium officinale is considered among the top ten Chinese medicinal herbs for its polysaccharide. Since 2021, when the dieback disease of D. officinale was first reported in Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province, China, Fusarium isolates (number [...] Read more.
A rare plant species of the Orchidaceae family, Dendrobium officinale is considered among the top ten Chinese medicinal herbs for its polysaccharide. Since 2021, when the dieback disease of D. officinale was first reported in Yueqing City, Zhejiang Province, China, Fusarium isolates (number = 152) were obtained from 70 plants in commercial greenhouses. The disease incidence ranged from 40% to 60% in the surveyed areas. Multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) coupled with morphological characterization revealed that the collected isolates belonged to five species (sp.), viz., Fusarium concentricum, F. fujikuroi, F. nirenbergiae, F. curvatum, and F. stilboides, with isolation frequencies of 34.6%, 22.3%, 18.4%, 13.8%, and 10.5%, respectively. Notably, at least two Fusarium species were simultaneously isolated and identified from the infected plants. Finally, the pathogenicity test results demonstrated that such species were responsible for the dieback disease of D. officinale. However, F. concentricum and F. fujikuroi were more invasive compared to the other species in this study. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study was the first report of F. concentricum, F. curvatum, F. fujikuroi, F. nirenbergiae, and F. stilboides causing the dieback disease of D. officinale in China and worldwide. This work provides valuable data about the diversity and pathogenicity of Fusarium populations, which will help in formulating effective strategies and policies for better control of the dieback disease. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Polyphasic Identification of Fungi 2.0)
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