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Clinical Emerging Diagnostic and Screening Adjuncts in Potentially Malignant Disorders...
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Clinical Emerging Diagnostic and Screening Adjuncts in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Cancers of Head and Neck Region

A special issue of Journal of Clinical Medicine (ISSN 2077-0383). This special issue belongs to the section "Oncology".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 April 2023) | Viewed by 6824

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Luís Silva Monteiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Biopathology, Oral Medicine and Oral Pathology at University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS), Director of the UNIPRO—Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit at IUCS, Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra, PRD, Portugal
Interests: oral cancer; molecular biology; oral carcinogenesis; cell cycle regulation; epidemiology; laser applications
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Head and neck cancer is a major public health problem worldwide, as it is the sixth most common cancer worldwide and has low survival rates, even in recent decades.

Head and neck tumorigenesis involves an accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations from several important pathways, providing opportunities for cancer development and progression. Many of these cancers can be preceded by potentially malignant disorders, manifesting clinically as a series of mucosal alterations which could increase the risk of individuals with these disorders being diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime. In view of this, many studies have focused on increasing the identification of head and neck cancer and the precision of detecting early alterations that can develop into cancer or already represent areas of malignancy.

In a clinical context, many tools and methods have been developed to increase the accuracy in order to identify the most suspicious areas for malignancy, to define correct margins of lesions or simply to help in the screening and follow-up of patients, including optical analysis systems, cytological methods, vital stainings, or the use of biomarkers in tissues or even saliva.

In view of this, we invite authors to submit research or review articles to be published in this Special Issue that describe the most recent evaluations regarding diagnostic and screening tools or methods with potential use in the diagnosis or prognosis of head and neck cancers, also including potential malignant disorders.

Dr. Luís Silva Monteiro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Journal of Clinical Medicine is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • autofluorescence
  • vital staining
  • chemiluminescence light
  • laser-induced fluorescence
  • liquid biopsy
  • optical coherence tomography
  • contact endoscopy
  • narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy
  • cytology
  • saliva
  • biomarkers
  • high resolution sonography
  • digital pathology
  • DNA ploidy
  • precision medicine
  • LOH
  • SNPs
  • predictives
  • prognostic
  • diagnostic
  • head and neck cancers
  • oral potentially malignant disorders

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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12 pages, 488 KiB  
Article
Assessment of Serum Urea, Creatinine and Uric Acid in Oral Cancer
by Ana Caruntu, Liliana Moraru, Diana Alina Ciubotaru, Cristiana Tanase, Cristian Scheau and Constantin Caruntu
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(12), 3459; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11123459 - 16 Jun 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1958
Abstract
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy worldwide, leading to significant disease-associated social and financial burdens. The investigation of underlying mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in OSCC might provide new therapeutic perspectives with an impact on disease control [...] Read more.
Background: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a common malignancy worldwide, leading to significant disease-associated social and financial burdens. The investigation of underlying mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis and tumor progression in OSCC might provide new therapeutic perspectives with an impact on disease control and patient survival. Our study aims to investigate the interrelation between metabolic processes, expressed through final catabolism products and clinicopathological characteristics in OSCC. Materials and methods: This is a single cancer comparative retrospective study investigating metabolic byproducts, namely serum urea, creatinine and uric acid, detected at the moment of diagnosis in patients with OSCC, in comparison to healthy controls. Clinical and paraclinical data regarding exposure to risk factors, disease staging and pathological characteristics were collected for all patients. Subjects with co-existing systemic or metabolic diseases, or with a history of malignancy, were excluded from the study. Subsequently, the metabolic byproducts revealing significant changes in OSCC patients were considered for a correlation analysis with the disease clinico-pathological characteristics. Results: Blood levels for urea, creatinine and uric acid were determined in a total of 225 subjects: 145 patients diagnosed with OSCC and 80 healthy control subjects admitted to our hospital between 2016 and 2021. The comparative analysis between groups revealed that the serum urea level was significantly lower in OSCC patients (p = 0.0344). Serum creatinine and uric acid did not reveal significant differences between groups. Furthermore, in advanced stages of the disease (stages III and IV), the blood level of urea was significantly lower compared to incipient OSCC (stages I and II) (p = 0.003). We found a negative correlation of serum urea levels with smoking (p = 0.0004) and cervical lymph node metastasis (p = 0.0070), and a positive correlation with aging (p = 0.0000). We found no significant correlation of serum urea with primary tumor size (p = 0.5061) and patient survival (p = 0.2932). Conclusions: Decreased serum urea levels are detected in patients with advanced OSCC, in correlation with lymph node metastasis. The invasive features of tumor cells in OSCC might be promoted in association with dysregulation of protein catabolism processes, facilitating aggressive behavior in OSCC. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Emerging Diagnostic and Screening Adjuncts in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Cancers of Head and Neck Region)
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Review

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13 pages, 311 KiB  
Review
Genomic Immune Evasion: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Opportunities in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinomas
by Kedar Kirtane, Maie St. John, Harry Fuentes-Bayne, Sandip P. Patel, Armen Mardiros, Han Xu, Eric W. Ng, William Y. Go, Deborah J. Wong, John B. Sunwoo and John S. Welch
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(24), 7259; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11247259 - 07 Dec 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2040
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCCs) represent a diverse group of tumors emerging within different mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. HNSCCs share common clinical risk factors and genomic features, including smoking, alcohol, age, male sex, aneuploidy, [...] Read more.
Head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCCs) represent a diverse group of tumors emerging within different mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity, nasopharynx, oropharynx, larynx, and hypopharynx. HNSCCs share common clinical risk factors and genomic features, including smoking, alcohol, age, male sex, aneuploidy, and TP53 mutations. Viral initiating and contributing events are increasingly recognized in HNSCCs. While both Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV) and human papilloma virus (HPV) are observed, EBV is more frequently associated with nasopharyngeal cancers whereas HPV is associated with oropharyngeal cancers. HNSCCs are associated with high tumor mutational burden and loss of tumor suppressor gene function, especially in TP53 and X-linked genes. Multiple lines of evidence suggest that HNSCCs are subject to immunologic surveillance and immune-induced evolutionary pressure that correlate with negative clinical outcomes. This review will discuss genomic mechanisms related to immune-mediated pressures and propose prognostic and therapeutic implications of detectable immune escape mechanisms that drive tumorigenesis and disease progression. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Emerging Diagnostic and Screening Adjuncts in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Cancers of Head and Neck Region)
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Other

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6 pages, 1042 KiB  
Systematic Review
Clinical Characteristics of Actinic Keratosis Associated with the Risk of Progression to Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review
by Alise Balcere, Laura Konrāde-Jilmaza, Laura Agnese Pauliņa, Ingrīda Čēma and Angelika Krūmiņa
J. Clin. Med. 2022, 11(19), 5899; https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195899 - 06 Oct 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2070
Abstract
Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common lesions on chronically sun-damaged skin that has the risk of progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). With the possibilities of using digital technologies for following-up skin lesions and their increased use in [...] Read more.
Background: Actinic keratosis (AK) is one of the most common lesions on chronically sun-damaged skin that has the risk of progression to invasive squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). With the possibilities of using digital technologies for following-up skin lesions and their increased use in the past few decades, our objective was to update the review by Quaedvlieg et al., 2006, and to review prospective studies from 2005 onwards to identify the clinical characteristics of AK that later progressed to SCC. Methods: The PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect databases were searched for relevant articles. The search had the following criteria: English language, human subjects and year from 2005 onwards. The study protocol was registered in the Prospero database with the record number CRD42020200429 and followed the PRISMA guidelines. The risk-of-bias assessment was performed using the QUIPS tool. Results: From the 5361 studies screened, 105 reports were evaluated for eligibility, and 2 articles with 621 patients were included. The main AK types associated with the development of SCC were found to be baseline AK, also known as a long-standing AK, and merging AK, also called an “AK patch”. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Clinical Emerging Diagnostic and Screening Adjuncts in Potentially Malignant Disorders and Cancers of Head and Neck Region)
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