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Fermentation
Special Issues
Microbial Fixation of CO2 to Fuels and Chemicals
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Microbial Fixation of CO2 to Fuels and Chemicals

A special issue of Fermentation (ISSN 2311-5637). This special issue belongs to the section "Microbial Metabolism, Physiology & Genetics".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 1 September 2024 | Viewed by 3492

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Katerina Stamatelatou

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Department of Environmental Engineering, Democritus University of Thrace, Xanthi, Greece
Interests: anaerobic digestion processes; valorization of waste and biomass; design and operation of bioreactors; bioprocess modeling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon dioxide (CO2) fixation via biological pathways is an emerging field in the concentrated efforts to reduce the emission of greenhouse gases. Gaseous streams rich in CO2 coming from fossil or biogenic carbon sources (e.g., fossil-based power generation units, biogas plants, biomass combustion units, etc.) could be used to convert CO2 into fuels (methane, ethanol) and chemicals (e.g., acetate, succinate, 2,3-butanediol, lactate, acetone) exploiting the capability of organisms to incorporate CO2 into their metabolism. Besides the naturally occurring CO2 fixation via photosynthesis, there are microbial-assisted processes which require a reducing agent (e.g., hydrogen or electrons provided in a bioelectrochemical system). The technical challenges to make these processes sustainable include the efficient supply of the reducing agent, the integration of water electrolysis powered by renewable resources with hydrogen consumption to reduce CO2, improvement of the bioreactors and the bioelectrochemical systems performing CO2 reduction. Moreover, the microbial profile of the communities developed to transform CO2 to valuable chemicals and fuels is a critical parameter in comprehending the fermentation processes taking place. We welcome any contributions on the hot topic of the microbial fixation of CO2 with a significant impact on decreasing greenhouse gases while also serving as a form of energy storage.

Dr. Katerina Stamatelatou
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fermentation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • carbon dioxide
  • biofuels
  • chemicals
  • biomanufacturing
  • microbial
  • biological
  • biochemical
  • bioelectrochemical

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 8547 KiB  
Article
Mixotrophic Syngas Conversion Enables the Production of meso-2,3-butanediol with Clostridium autoethanogenum
by Anne Oppelt, Anton Rückel, Markus Rupp and Dirk Weuster-Botz
Fermentation 2024, 10(2), 102; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10020102 - 08 Feb 2024
Viewed by 1473
Abstract
Providing simultaneously autotrophic and heterotrophic carbon sources is a promising strategy to overcome the limits of autotrophic syngas fermentations. D-xylose and L-arabinose are particularly interesting as they can be obtained by the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. The individual conversion of varying initial concentrations [...] Read more.
Providing simultaneously autotrophic and heterotrophic carbon sources is a promising strategy to overcome the limits of autotrophic syngas fermentations. D-xylose and L-arabinose are particularly interesting as they can be obtained by the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. The individual conversion of varying initial concentrations of these pentoses and D-fructose as reference was studied with C. autoethanogenum in fully controlled stirred-tank reactors with a continuous syngas supply. All mixotrophic batch processes showed increased biomass and product formation compared to an autotrophic reference process. Simultaneous CO and D-xylose or L-arabinose conversion was observed in contrast to D-fructose. In the mixotrophic batch processes with L-arabinose or D-xylose, the simultaneous CO and sugar conversion resulted in high final alcohol-to-acid ratios of up to 58 g g−1. L-arabinose was superior as a mixotrophic carbon source because biomass and alcohol concentrations (ethanol and 2,3-butanediol) were highest, and significant amounts of meso-2,3-butanediol (>1 g L−1) in addition to D-2,3-butanediol (>2 g L−1) were solely produced with L-arabinose. Furthermore, C. autoethanogenum could not produce meso-2,3 butanediol under purely heterotrophic conditions. The mixotrophic production of meso-2,3-butanediol from L-arabinose and syngas, both available from residual lignocellulosic biomass, is very promising for use as a monomer for bio-based polyurethanes or as an antiseptic agent. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Fixation of CO2 to Fuels and Chemicals)
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16 pages, 3351 KiB  
Article
Microbial Electrosynthesis Using 3D Bioprinting of Sporomusa ovata on Copper, Stainless-Steel, and Titanium Cathodes for CO2 Reduction
by Suman Bajracharya, Adolf Krige, Leonidas Matsakas, Ulrika Rova and Paul Christakopoulos
Fermentation 2024, 10(1), 34; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation10010034 - 30 Dec 2023
Viewed by 1333
Abstract
Acetate can be produced from carbon dioxide (CO2) and electricity using bacteria at the cathode of microbial electrosynthesis (MES). This process relies on electrolytically-produced hydrogen (H2). However, the low solubility of H2 can limit the process. Using metal [...] Read more.
Acetate can be produced from carbon dioxide (CO2) and electricity using bacteria at the cathode of microbial electrosynthesis (MES). This process relies on electrolytically-produced hydrogen (H2). However, the low solubility of H2 can limit the process. Using metal cathodes to generate H2 at a high rate can improve MES. Immobilizing bacteria on the metal cathode can further proliferate the H2 availability to the bacteria. In this study, we investigated the performances of 3D bioprinting of Sporomusa ovata on three metal meshes—copper (Cu), stainless steel (SS), and titanium (Ti), when used individually as a cathode in MES. Bacterial cells were immobilized on the metal using a 3D bioprinter with alginate hydrogel ink. The bioprinted Ti mesh exhibited higher acetate production (53 ± 19 g/m2/d) at −0.8 V vs. Ag/AgCl as compared to other metal cathodes. More than 9 g/L of acetate was achieved with bioprinted Ti, and the least amount was obtained with bioprinted Cu. Although all three metals are known for catalyzing H2 evolution, the lower biocompatibility and chemical stability of Cu hampered its performance. Stable and biocompatible Ti supported the bioprinted S. ovata effectively. Bioprinting of synthetic biofilm on H2-evolving metal cathodes can provide high-performing and robust biocathodes for further application of MES. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Microbial Fixation of CO2 to Fuels and Chemicals)
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