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Fermentation
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Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste...
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Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases

A special issue of Fermentation (ISSN 2311-5637). This special issue belongs to the section "Industrial Fermentation".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (15 October 2023) | Viewed by 8453

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Pengsong Li

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: microbiome; synthetic biology; microbial CO2 conversion; biofuel
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Prof. Dr. Yan Dang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Interests: anaerobic digestion; methanogenesis; carbon dioxide bioreduction; waste biotreatment; microbial electrolysis system
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Lijuan Zhang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Key Laboratory for Heavy Metal Pollution Control and Reutilization, School of Environment and Energy, Peking University Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: meta-omics; aerobic denitrification; carbon fixation; heavy metals
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Microbes are key players in biogeochemical cycles due to their functions of macromolecule degradation, compound conversion and element enrichment. Therefore, microbe-based technologies have been developed rapidly to treat wastewater (such as anammox, bioelectrochemical systems and algae-bacteria systems), solid wastes (such as aerobic composting, anaerobic digestion and biofuel production) and waste gases (such as syngas fermentation and microbial electrosynthesis). This Special Issue aims to provide a platform for global researchers to disseminate recent technological developments and engineering solutions in the area of microbial treatment of wastewater, solid wastes and waste gases. Original research articles, critical reviews and perspectives are welcome to be submitted to this Special Issue, where potential topics include but are not limited to the following:

  • Exploitation of microbes as tools for treatment of wastewater, solid wastes and waste gases.
  • Mechanism analysis of microbial treatment of wastewater, solid wastes and waste gases, e.g., community structures and functional compositions, activities, and dynamics of microbes in the treatment systems.
  • New technologies or processes for microbial treatment of wastewater, solid wastes and waste gases.
  • Performance improvement of microbial treatment of wastewater, solid wastes and waste gases based on synthetic biology, new materials, etc.
  • Modeling and economic analyses for microbial processes of wastewater treatment, solid waste treatment and waste gas conversion.

Dr. Pengsong Li
Prof. Dr. Yan Dang
Dr. Lijuan Zhang
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Fermentation is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • aerobic composting
  • algal-bacterial consortium
  • anaerobic digestion
  • bioelectrochemical system
  • biofuel
  • meta-omics
  • microbial electrosynthesis
  • microbial fuel cell
  • microbial wastewater treatment
  • syngas fermentation

Related Special Issue

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

18 pages, 3711 KiB  
Article
Modeling the Production of Microalgal Biomass in Large Water Resource Recovery Facilities and Its Processing into Various Commodity Bioproducts
by James Pierson, Gopi Raju Makkena, Sandeep Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Hasan Husain, Muhammad Ayser and Venkatesh Balan
Fermentation 2023, 9(10), 909; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9100909 - 16 Oct 2023
Viewed by 1618
Abstract
Algae are capable of sequestering nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates from wastewater in the presence of sunlight and carbon dioxide (CO2) to build up their body mass and help combat climate change. In the current study, we carried out different [...] Read more.
Algae are capable of sequestering nutrients such as nitrates and phosphates from wastewater in the presence of sunlight and carbon dioxide (CO2) to build up their body mass and help combat climate change. In the current study, we carried out different case studies to estimate the volume of algal biomass that could be produced annually using the rotating algal biofilm (RAB) method in three large-scale water resource recovery facilities (WRRFs) in Texas: Fort Worth, Dallas, and Houston. We calculated the total amount of lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins that could be fractionated from the algal biomass while using the hydrothermal flash hydrolysis process, followed by converting these biomolecules into commodity products via reported methods and yields. In the first case study, we estimated the amount of biogas and electricity produced in anaerobic digesters when the algal biomass and sludge generated in large-scale WRRFs are co-digested. Using this approach, electricity generation in a large-scale WRRF could be increased by 23% and CO2 emissions could be further reduced when using biogas combustion exhaust gases as a carbon source for the RAB system. In the second case study, it was estimated that 988 MT mixed alcohol or 1144 MT non-isocyanate polyurethane could be produced annually from the protein fraction in the WRRF in Fort Worth, Texas. In the third case study, it was estimated that 702 MT bio-succinic acid or 520 MT bioethanol could be produced annually using the carbohydrate fraction. In the fourth case study, it was estimated that 1040 MT biodiesel or 528 MT biocrude could be produced annually using the lipid fraction. Producing renewable commodity fuels and chemicals using the algal biomass generated in a WRRF will help to displace fossil fuel-derived products, generate new jobs, and benefit the environment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases)
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13 pages, 5592 KiB  
Article
Removal of Quinolone Antibiotics from Wastewater by the Biochar-Based Sludge Adsorbent
by Yaoyu Zhang, Yiwei Gong, Gang Shi, Xiping Liu, Maifan Dai and Lingyun Ding
Fermentation 2023, 9(8), 752; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9080752 - 12 Aug 2023
Viewed by 943
Abstract
Antibiotics have been detected in tiny environmental matrices all over the world, which caused a lot of concern. To solve this problem, biological treatment can be a low-cost and high-efficiency way. The use of biochar adsorbents made from the residual sludge of sewage [...] Read more.
Antibiotics have been detected in tiny environmental matrices all over the world, which caused a lot of concern. To solve this problem, biological treatment can be a low-cost and high-efficiency way. The use of biochar adsorbents made from the residual sludge of sewage for wastewater treatment can achieve pollutant removal while realizing pollutant reduction and reuse, which is of great significance for green development. In this study, a prepared biochar-based adsorbent (PBA) was modified and used for norfloxacin (NOR) removal. The composition of the adsorbent was characterized, and the influence of application factors on adsorption performance was investigated. After being modified and optimized, an overall removal efficiency of 84% was achieved for NOR in 4 h. The adsorption behavior was spontaneous and consistent with the Lagergren pseudo-second kinetic model and Langmuir model. The adsorption capacity of PBA reached 8.69 mg·L−1 for NOR. A total removal efficiency of 62% was obtained for five mixed quinolone antibiotics by PBA. The PBA could be well regenerated and reused five times. This study explored a new method of the bio-waste utilization of sewage sludge for antibiotic removal from wastewater. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases)
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12 pages, 2675 KiB  
Article
Electrode Material Optimization of Nitrous Oxide Recovery from Incineration Leachate in a ΔnosZ Pseudomonas aeruginosa/MEC System
by Yong Liu, Bing Yan, Song Xia, Shuanglin Gui, Haiwei Jiang, Hanbing Nie and Dezhi Sun
Fermentation 2023, 9(7), 607; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9070607 - 28 Jun 2023
Viewed by 910
Abstract
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is not only recognized as a potent greenhouse gas, but it is also used in industry as a clean energy source. In this study, different electrode materials of carbon felt and graphite were equipped in the ΔnosZ P. [...] Read more.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is not only recognized as a potent greenhouse gas, but it is also used in industry as a clean energy source. In this study, different electrode materials of carbon felt and graphite were equipped in the ΔnosZ P. aeruginosa/microbial electrolysis cell (MEC) systems to explore the optimization mechanism for long-term N2O recovery during incineration leachate treatment. The carbon felt group showed a better performance in N2O recovery across 45 days of operation. The N2O conversion efficiency was above 80% and the proportion of N2O in biogas accounted for 80.6% in the carbon felt group. qRT-PCR analysis was conducted to evaluate the expression of genes involved in denitrification (norB) and electroactivity (phzG, phzM, and phzH) of ΔnosZ P. aeruginosa. The results showed a significant upregulation in the suspended biomass (day 21) and the electron-attached biomass (day 45) from the carbon felt-equipped reactor, which was highly related to the opportunity of biomass exposed to the phenazine derivatives. By the carbon felt optimization in the system, 82.6% of the Pseudomonas genus survived after 45 days of operation. These results indicate that the carbon felt electrode has a more sustainable performance for N2O recovery in the ΔnosZ P. aeruginosa/MEC system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases)
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16 pages, 2035 KiB  
Article
Bio-Augmentation of S2− Oxidation for a Heavily Polluted River by a Mixed Culture Microbial Consortium
by Chen Song, Yajun Shi, Hongjie Gao, Ping Liu and Xiaoling Liu
Fermentation 2023, 9(7), 592; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9070592 - 25 Jun 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 826
Abstract
The redox balance of inorganic sulfur in heavily polluted rivers might be disrupted, making sulfur reduction a major metabolic pathway of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), leading to a massive accumulation of S2− and blackening the water bodies. A mixed culture microbial consortium (MCMC) [...] Read more.
The redox balance of inorganic sulfur in heavily polluted rivers might be disrupted, making sulfur reduction a major metabolic pathway of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), leading to a massive accumulation of S2− and blackening the water bodies. A mixed culture microbial consortium (MCMC) of Citrobacter sp.sp1, Ochrobactrum sp.sp2, and Stenotrophomonas sp.sp3 was used to activate native sulfate-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) to augment the S2− oxidizing process. The results demonstrated that MCMC had a significant sulfur oxidation effect, with 98% S2− removal efficiency within 50 h. The sulfide species varied greatly and were all finally oxidized to SO42−. The mechanism of bio-augmentation was revealed through high throughput sequencing analysis. The MCMC could stimulate and simplify the community structure to cope with the sulfide change. The microorganisms (family level) including Enterococcaceae, Flavobacteriaceae, Comamonadaceae, Methylophilaceae, Caulobacteraceae, Rhodobacteraceae, and Burkholderiaceae were thought to be associated with sulfide metabolism through the significant microbial abundance difference in the bio-treatment group and control group. Further Pearson correlation analysis inferred the functions of different microorganisms: Comamonadaceae, Burkholderiaceae, Alcaligenaceae, Methylophilaceae, and Caulobacteraceae played important roles in S2− oxidization and SO42− accumulation; and Comamonadaceae, Burkholderiaceae, Alcaligenaceae, Methylophilaceae, Caulobacteraceae, Campylobacteraceae, Bacteriovoracaceae, and Rhodobacteraceae promoted the sulfur oxidation during the whole process. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases)
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13 pages, 4293 KiB  
Article
Microbial Electrochemical CO2 Reduction and In-Situ Biogas Upgrading at Various pH Conditions
by Wenduo Lu, Yuening Song, Chuanqi Liu, He Dong, Haoyong Li, Yinhui Huang, Zhao Liang, Haiyu Xu, Hongbin Wu, Pengsong Li, Dezhi Sun, Kangning Xu and Yan Dang
Fermentation 2023, 9(5), 444; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9050444 - 8 May 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1517
Abstract
Microbial electrochemical CO2 reduction and in-situ biogas upgrading can effectively reduce the CO2 content in biogas produced during anaerobic digestion, thereby reducing CO2 emissions and achieving carbon reduction. pH is an important indicator in this process as it can significantly [...] Read more.
Microbial electrochemical CO2 reduction and in-situ biogas upgrading can effectively reduce the CO2 content in biogas produced during anaerobic digestion, thereby reducing CO2 emissions and achieving carbon reduction. pH is an important indicator in this process as it can significantly change the solubility and forms of CO2 in the aquatic phase. This study comprehensively evaluated the optimal pH value from the perspectives of methane upgrading performance and electron utilization efficiency and observed and analyzed the morphology of the biofilm on the electrode surface and the microbial community in the cathodic region under optimal conditions. The results showed that the optimal pH was 6.5; methane content reached ~88.3% in the biogas; methane production reached a maximum of 22.1 ± 0.1 mmol·d−1, with an increase in methane production compared to the control group reaching a maximum of 1.7 mmol·d−1; and CO2 conversion rate reached ~22.9%. A dense biofilm with a thickness of 51.3 μm formed on the electrode surface, with Methanobacterium being the dominant genus, with a high relative abundance of 69.3%, and Geobacter had a relative abundance of 20.1%. The above findings have important guiding significance for the practical application of methane upgrading. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases)
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14 pages, 6503 KiB  
Article
Biomethane Production from the Mixture of Sugarcane Vinasse, Solid Waste and Spent Tea Waste: A Bayesian Approach for Hyperparameter Optimization for Gaussian Process Regression
by Mansoor Alruqi and Prabhakar Sharma
Fermentation 2023, 9(2), 120; https://doi.org/10.3390/fermentation9020120 - 26 Jan 2023
Cited by 12 | Viewed by 1900
Abstract
In this work, sugarcane vinasse combined with organic waste (food and wasted tea) was demonstrated to be an excellent source of biomethane synthesis from carbon-rich biowaste. The discarded tea trash might be successfully used to generate bioenergy. The uncertainties and costs associated with [...] Read more.
In this work, sugarcane vinasse combined with organic waste (food and wasted tea) was demonstrated to be an excellent source of biomethane synthesis from carbon-rich biowaste. The discarded tea trash might be successfully used to generate bioenergy. The uncertainties and costs associated with experimental testing were recommended to be decreased by the effective use of contemporary machine learning methods such as Gaussian process regression. The training hyperparameters are crucial in the construction of a robust ML-based model. To make the process autoregressive, the training hyperparameters were fine-tuned by employing the Bayesian approach. The value of R2 was found to be greater during the model test phase by 0.72%, assisting in the avoidance of model overtraining. The mean squared error was 36.243 during the model training phase and 21.145 during the model testing phase. The mean absolute percentage error was found to be under 0.1%, which decreased to 0.085% throughout the model’s testing phase. The research demonstrated that a combination of wasted tea trash, sugarcane vinasse and food waste may be a viable source for biomethane generation. The contemporary methodology of the Bayesian approach for hyperparameters tuning for Gaussian process regression is an efficient method of model prediction despite the low correlation across data columns. It is possible to enhance the sustainability paradigm in the direction of energy security via the efficient usage of food and agroforestry waste. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Progress in Microbial Treatment of Wastewater, Solid Wastes and Waste Gases)
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