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Intelligent Systems Supporting the Use of Energy Systems and Other Complex Technical Objects, Modeling, Testing and Analysis of Their Reliability in the Operation Process

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "A: Sustainable Energy".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (5 January 2022) | Viewed by 14873

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Guest Editor
Department of Energy, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technical University of Koszalin, 15-17 Raclawicka St., 75-620 Koszalin, Poland
Interests: servicing process; reliability engineering and system safety; system modelling; mathematical modelling; application of mathematics; wind power plant; artificial neural networks; diagnostics information; expert system; intelligent system; knowledge base; power in energy
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Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

I am inviting submissions to a Special Issue of Energies entitled “Intelligent Systems Supporting the Use of Energy systems and Other Complex Technical Objects and Modeling, Testing, and Analysis of Their Reliability in the Operation Process”.

In the technological development of complex technical objects such as civil aircraft, energy systems, medical devices, and others, intelligent assistance systems occupy a special place within. Currently, intelligent consulting systems are used to supervise effective use of objects and to organize operational, technical, technological, and other processes. Intelligent systems are particularly useful in diagnosing technical objects in terms of qualitative assessment of their reliability. Intelligent systems are particularly useful when there are many variables to be covered in the analyzed process, where complex factors affecting the conditions of use of the technical objects need to be considered. Intelligent support systems are also particularly useful in the process where the reliability condition of technical devices is tested, assisting with the selection of tools and means in the production process and in assessing the selection of conditions and parameters in the process of use. Another important aspect of the use of intelligent systems is their use in the process of renewing (restoring the serviceability) of complex technical objects, including energy, medical, security, and other systems.

Optimal and effective renovation of technical objects is possible only with the use of intelligent systems that support human activity (the object’s user). An optimal system for servicing objects is one in which the object is renewed exactly when it is required. Such an approach is ensured by an intelligent object diagnosis system which is built on the basis of an artificial neural network. The neural network is reliable and consistently recognizes object states for which remedial actions and repair are required. There are benefits in organizing the process of the exploitation of objects using artificial intelligence. In this case, there are no losses (costs) related to ineffective use of the facility when a condition in the facility’s operation may occur, meaning that the facility is not fit nor fully operational. The intelligent system then eliminates costs associated with the renewal of unnecessary elements, i.e., those elements of the facility that do not require it because they are fit. The intelligent system designed for servicing the object ensures high efficiency of the service approach; it ensures the renewal of only those internal structural elements that actually require servicing because they are in a state of incomplete fitness {1} or unfitness {0}.

Currently, cognitive aspects in the use of intelligent systems supporting the use and operation of technical objects are particularly important, especially in the field of modeling the operation processes of the tested technical objects in addition to research, evaluation, and analysis of reliability of the operation processes of objects using intelligent systems.

Prof. Dr. Stanisław Duer
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • artificial intelligence in energy systems
  • modeling of technical objects
  • expert systems
  • reliability and operation process
  • security systems
  • diagnostics of technical objects
  • renewable energy sources

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

22 pages, 4704 KiB  
Article
Assessment of the Reliability of Wind Farm Devices in the Operation Process
by Stanisław Duer, Jacek Paś, Aneta Hapka, Radosław Duer, Arkadiusz Ostrowski and Marek Woźniak
Energies 2022, 15(11), 3860; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15113860 - 24 May 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1199
Abstract
The article deals with simulation tests on the reliability of the equipment of the wind farm WF in the operation process. The improvement, modernization, and introduction of new solutions that change the reliability, as well as the quality and conditions of use and [...] Read more.
The article deals with simulation tests on the reliability of the equipment of the wind farm WF in the operation process. The improvement, modernization, and introduction of new solutions that change the reliability, as well as the quality and conditions of use and operation of wind farm equipment, require testing. Based on these tests, it is possible to continuously evaluate the reliability of the equipment of WF. The issue of reliability assessment of wind farm equipment, for which intelligent systems, diagnostic systems DIAG, and Wind Power Plant Expert System (WPPES) are used to modernize the operation process, can only be tested in a simulative way. The topic of testing the reliability of complex technical objects is constantly developing in the literature. In this paper, it is assumed that the operation of wind farm equipment is described and modeled based on Markov processes. The adoption of this assumption justified the use of the Kolmogorov–Chapman equations to describe the developed model. Based on this equation, an analytically developed model of the wind farm operation process was described. The simulation analysis determines the reliability of the wind farm in terms of the availability factor Kg(t). The simulation tests are performed in two phases using the computer program LabView. In the first stage, the reliability value in the form of the readiness factor Kg(t) as a function of changes in the mean repair time value ranging {from 0.3 to 1.0} was investigated. In the second stage, the reliability value of WF devices was examined as a function of changes in the value of the average time between successive failures, ranging from 1000 to 3000 (h)}. Full article
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16 pages, 4102 KiB  
Article
Analysis and Assessment of Railway CCTV System Operating Reliability
by Mirosław Siergiejczyk, Zbigniew Kasprzyk, Mariusz Rychlicki and Piotr Szmigiel
Energies 2022, 15(5), 1701; https://doi.org/10.3390/en15051701 - 24 Feb 2022
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1760
Abstract
The article reviews the history and the direction of development for railway CCTV (Closed-Circuit TeleVision) systems. The authors described the CCTV system at PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. and the associated network and server infrastructure. The authors proposed an operational model for a [...] Read more.
The article reviews the history and the direction of development for railway CCTV (Closed-Circuit TeleVision) systems. The authors described the CCTV system at PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. and the associated network and server infrastructure. The authors proposed an operational model for a centralized CCTV system that assumes states of partial fitness, in accordance with the regulations of the national railway infrastructure administrator. The aim of the paper is to review, analyse, and evaluate the operational reliability of railroad video monitoring systems in relation to the assumptions of the national railroad infrastructure manager using an operational model. A unified system structure is presented in the article. The model was used as a base to calculate the probabilities for the system while staying in the assumed states. Calculations showed that a centralized CCTV system is characterized by high reliability and satisfies the expectations of PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. in this respect. The obtained result of 99.88% probability of leaving the analysed video surveillance system in a fully operational condition within a year indicates a high level of security of the applied solutions in such a large system. The analysed system is one of the largest such solutions designed in the European Union and the largest in Poland, which is an important contribution to the development and implementation of such extensive video surveillance systems in the future. The research question is whether the extensive centralized railway CCTV systems will meet the requirements of PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. Full article
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17 pages, 5261 KiB  
Article
The Issue of Operating Security Systems in Terms of the Impact of Electromagnetic Interference Generated Unintentionally
by Krzysztof Jakubowski, Jacek Paś and Adam Rosiński
Energies 2021, 14(24), 8591; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14248591 - 20 Dec 2021
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 1877
Abstract
This article discusses issues regarding electromagnetic interference generated unintentionally by transport telematics systems and electronic security systems (ESS) located within a railway area. These systems should operate correctly, since they ensure the safety of both vehicles and passengers. The electronic devices they use [...] Read more.
This article discusses issues regarding electromagnetic interference generated unintentionally by transport telematics systems and electronic security systems (ESS) located within a railway area. These systems should operate correctly, since they ensure the safety of both vehicles and passengers. The electronic devices they use are exposed to electromagnetic interference that may lead to incorrect ESS functioning. In order to determine the impact of electromagnetic interference on ESS, the authors measured unintentional low-frequency electromagnetic field generated by MV—15 and 30 kV—power lines. This enabled determining the areas with maximum values of electromagnetic interference. The next stage of the research was to develop an ESS operating process model that takes into account the impact of unintentionally generated electromagnetic interference on the operating process. Introducing the electromagnetic interference impact coefficient enables a rational selection of solutions aimed at protecting against electromagnetic interference through the application of technical and organizational measures. Full article
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24 pages, 5342 KiB  
Article
Operational Analysis of Fire Alarm Systems with a Focused, Dispersed and Mixed Structure in Critical Infrastructure Buildings
by Krzysztof Jakubowski, Jacek Paś, Stanisław Duer and Jarosław Bugaj
Energies 2021, 14(23), 7893; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14237893 - 25 Nov 2021
Cited by 13 | Viewed by 4819
Abstract
The article presents issues regarding the impact of operating conditions on the functional reliability of representative fire alarm systems (FASs) in selected critical infrastructure buildings (CIB). FAS should operate correctly under variable environmental conditions. FASs ensure the safety of people and CIB. Operational [...] Read more.
The article presents issues regarding the impact of operating conditions on the functional reliability of representative fire alarm systems (FASs) in selected critical infrastructure buildings (CIB). FAS should operate correctly under variable environmental conditions. FASs ensure the safety of people and CIB. Operational measurements for 10 representative systems were conducted in order to determine the impact of environmental conditions on FAS reliability. Selected operational indices were also determined. The next stage involved developing two models of representative FASs and the availability, pre-ageing time and operating process security indices. Determining operational indices is a rational selection of FAS technical and organizational solutions that enables the reliability level to be increased. Identifying the course of the FAS operating process security hazard changes in individual system lines, particularly at the initial operation stage, enables people that supervise the operation to affect operating parameters on an ongoing basis. The article is structured in the following order: issue analysis, FAS power supply in CIB, operational test results, selected FAS operating process models, determination of operational and security indices, and conclusions. Full article
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17 pages, 3010 KiB  
Article
The Impact of Temperature of the Tripping Thresholds of Intrusion Detection System Detection Circuits
by Jarosław Łukasiak, Adam Rosiński and Michał Wiśnios
Energies 2021, 14(20), 6851; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14206851 - 19 Oct 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 1934
Abstract
This research paper discusses issues regarding the impact of temperature on the tripping thresholds of intrusion detection system detection circuits. The objective of conducted studies was the verification of a hypothesis assuming that the variability of an intrusion detection system’s (considered as a [...] Read more.
This research paper discusses issues regarding the impact of temperature on the tripping thresholds of intrusion detection system detection circuits. The objective of conducted studies was the verification of a hypothesis assuming that the variability of an intrusion detection system’s (considered as a whole) operating environment temperature can impact the electrical parameters of its detection circuits significantly enough so that it enables a change in the interpretation of the state observed within a given circuit fragment from the state of “no circuit violation” to “circuit violation”. The research covered an intrusion detection system placed in a climatic chamber with adjusted temperature (−25.1 ÷ +60.0 [°C]). The analysis of the obtained results enabled determining the relationships that allow selecting detection circuit resistor values. It is important since it increases the safety level of protected facilities through proper resistor selection, thus, correct interpretation of a detection circuit state. Full article
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18 pages, 4364 KiB  
Article
Determining Information Quality in ICT Systems
by Marek Stawowy, Stanisław Duer, Jacek Paś and Wojciech Wawrzyński
Energies 2021, 14(17), 5549; https://doi.org/10.3390/en14175549 - 05 Sep 2021
Cited by 20 | Viewed by 2126
Abstract
The article deals with the estimation of information quality (IQ) in information and communication technologies (ICT) systems. A number of recent publications were analyzed, as well as ISO standards concerning quality and information quality. Due to the limitations of the known methods of [...] Read more.
The article deals with the estimation of information quality (IQ) in information and communication technologies (ICT) systems. A number of recent publications were analyzed, as well as ISO standards concerning quality and information quality. Due to the limitations of the known methods of estimating IQ, the authors present their own proprietary concept based on multidimensional and multi-layer modeling using methods of estimating uncertainty. The modeling proposed in this publication uses sixteen dimensions of quality known from the literature. The features of dimensions are taken into account as another layer and information states as successive steps in the IQ model. An example of calculations is also presented in which the mathematical evidence method used in estimating the uncertainty is extended to the modeling of dependent elements. The article also presents a simulation based on the presented example. This simulation shows the assumed dependencies between the output and input values. Full article
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