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Volume II: Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage

A special issue of Energies (ISSN 1996-1073). This special issue belongs to the section "B3: Carbon Emission and Utilization".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: 10 May 2024 | Viewed by 6753

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
School of Computing, Engineering & Digital Technologies, Teesside University, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK
Interests: pre- and post combustion carbon capture, direct air carbon capture, modelling of carbon capture systems
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

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Guest Editor
Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Jeddah, Jeddah 21959, Saudi Arabia
Interests: membrane technology; gas separation membranes; water treatment through membrane; material development
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the largest global greenhouse gas emitted to the atmosphere and is, therefore, a prime driver of climate change. Levels of atmospheric CO2 have shown a sustained rise over the past 30 years, despite efforts to curb emissions, bringing us to the precipice of a climate emergency. If levels of atmospheric CO2 continue to rise, the increase in average global temperature will overshoot the 2oC limit established by the Paris Agreement. This will have adverse effects on ecosystems and the services and livelihoods they sustain.

Nations worldwide have set an ambitious target of achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, which can only be achieved through a broad suite of technologies. Carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS) is a suite of emerging technologies targeted at mitigating climate change. Without them, achieving a net-zero scenario is impossible, as they offer a reduction in new emissions from key sectors and remove CO2 from the air to balance emissions.

The International Energy Agency’s (IEA) “Energy Technology Perspectives 2020 report” emphasises that CCUS must be one of the key pillars of the global energy transition. By combining it with bioenergy or capturing CO2 directly from air, CCUS can potentially generate negative emissions. A lot of research is being carried out in these technology sectors and many potential technologies are under pilot study or near commercialisation.

This Special Issue explores and promotes research and applications in the field of CCUS to achieve carbon-neutral processes, clean energy development, safe storage methods and climate change mitigation at large.

Potential topics include, but are not limited to, the following:

  • Pre- and post-combustion carbon capture from the chemical process industry—technologies and methodologies;
  • Carbon capture and storage applications in power generation;
  • Direct air carbon capture;
  • CO2 transmission in pipelines;
  • Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage;
  • Negative emissions technologies;
  • The thermal, electrochemical, and photochemical conversion of CO2 into fuels and chemicals;
  • The biological utilisation of CO2 into value-added products;
  • The CO2 mineralisation into inorganic materials;
  • System optimisation, digital twins, and decision-making models;
  • Techno-economic feasibility and life-cycle analysis evaluation of CCUS;
  • Risk assessment, intelligent monitoring, advanced sensors and process control of CCUS processes;
  • Supply chain, economics, social factors, governmental policies and regulations regarding CCUS applications.

Dr. Humbul Suleman
Dr. Rizwan Nasir
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Energies is an international peer-reviewed open access semimonthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2600 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Published Papers (4 papers)

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Research

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18 pages, 1136 KiB  
Article
CCUS Technology and Carbon Emissions: Evidence from the United States
by Min Thura Mon, Roengchai Tansuchat and Woraphon Yamaka
Energies 2024, 17(7), 1748; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17071748 - 05 Apr 2024
Viewed by 433
Abstract
Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) represents a vital technology for addressing pressing global challenges such as climate change and carbon emissions. This research aims to explore the relationship between the CCUS capability and carbon emissions in the United States considering thirteen predictors [...] Read more.
Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS) represents a vital technology for addressing pressing global challenges such as climate change and carbon emissions. This research aims to explore the relationship between the CCUS capability and carbon emissions in the United States considering thirteen predictors of CCUS and carbon emissions. Incorporating these predictors, we aim to offer policymakers insights to enhance CCUS capabilities and reduce carbon emissions. We utilize diverse econometric techniques: OLS, Lasso, Ridge, Elastic Net, Generalized Method of Moments, and Seemingly Unrelated Regression. Elastic Net outperforms the other models in explaining CCUS, while OLS is effective for carbon emissions. We observe positive impacts of the number of projects and foreign direct investment on the CCUS capacity, but limited influence from the CCUS technology level. However, the relationship between the CCUS capacity and carbon emissions remains limited. Our study highlights the importance of incentivizing projects to increase CCUS capabilities and recognizes the critical role of legal and regulatory frameworks in facilitating effective CCUS implementation in the US. Moreover, we emphasize that achieving decarbonization goals necessitates the development of affordable green alternatives. It is essential to view CCUS as a complementary, rather than a sole, solution for emission reduction as we work towards achieving net-zero emission targets. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Volume II: Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage)
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14 pages, 5906 KiB  
Article
Optimizing CO2-Water Injection Ratio in Heterogeneous Reservoirs: Implications for CO2 Geo-Storage
by Emad A. Al-Khdheeawi
Energies 2024, 17(3), 678; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17030678 - 31 Jan 2024
Viewed by 474
Abstract
The performance of carbon geo-sequestration is influenced by several parameters, such as the heterogeneity of the reservoir, the characteristics of the caprock, the wettability of the rock, and the salinity of the aquifer brine. Although many characteristics, like the formation geology, are fixed [...] Read more.
The performance of carbon geo-sequestration is influenced by several parameters, such as the heterogeneity of the reservoir, the characteristics of the caprock, the wettability of the rock, and the salinity of the aquifer brine. Although many characteristics, like the formation geology, are fixed and cannot be altered, it is feasible to choose and manipulate other parameters in order to design an optimized storage programme such as the implementation of CO2 injection techniques, including continuous injection or water alternating CO2, which can significantly increase storage capacity and guarantee secure containment. Although WAG (water-alternating-gas) technology has been widely applied in several industrial sectors such as enhanced oil recovery (EOR) and CO2 geo-sequestration, the impact of the CO2-to-water ratio on the performance of CO2 geo-sequestration in heterogeneous formations has not been investigated. In this study, we have constructed a 3D heterogeneous reservoir model to simulate the injection of water alternating gas in deep reservoirs. We have tested several CO2-water ratios, specifically the 2:1, 1:1, and 1:2 ratios. Additionally, we have estimated the capacity of CO2 trapping, as well as the mobility and migration of CO2. Our findings indicate that injecting a low ratio of CO2 to water (specifically 1:2) resulted in a much better performance compared to situations with no water injection and high CO2-water ratios. The residual and solubility trappings were notably increased by 11% and 19%, respectively, but the presence of free mobile CO2 was reduced by 27%. Therefore, in the reservoir under investigation, the lower CO2-water ratio is recommended due to its improvement in CO2 storage capacity and containment security. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Volume II: Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage)
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14 pages, 2575 KiB  
Article
Passive Direct Air Capture of Carbon Dioxide with an Alkaline Amino Acid Salt in Water-Based Paints
by Godwin Ngwu, Humbul Suleman, Faizan Ahmad, Danial Qadir, Zufishan Shamair, Qazi Nasir and Muhammad Nawaz
Energies 2024, 17(2), 320; https://doi.org/10.3390/en17020320 - 09 Jan 2024
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Abstract
The current study presents the first results of the passive capture of carbon dioxide from the air in aqueous sodium lysinate solutions at ambient conditions. The salt has shown good passive direct air capture (DAC) properties for carbon dioxide with spent solutions exhibiting [...] Read more.
The current study presents the first results of the passive capture of carbon dioxide from the air in aqueous sodium lysinate solutions at ambient conditions. The salt has shown good passive direct air capture (DAC) properties for carbon dioxide with spent solutions exhibiting more than 5% carbon dioxide by weight. Moreover, different quantities of sodium lysinate solutions were mixed with three commercial water-based paints, and their passive DAC performance was studied for 45 days. An average improvement of 70% in passive DAC capacity compared to the control sample was observed across all the studied paint samples. The results establish that a litre of water-based paint doped with sodium lysinate can absorb up to 40 g of CO2 and fix it stably for a short period of time, i.e., 45 days. Such paints can be used to directly capture carbon dioxide from the air. However, further research is required to address various technicalities and establish long-term sequestration. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Volume II: Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage)
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Review

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22 pages, 2697 KiB  
Review
A State-of-the-Art Review on Technology for Carbon Utilization and Storage
by Yafei Zhao and Ken-ichi Itakura
Energies 2023, 16(10), 3992; https://doi.org/10.3390/en16103992 - 09 May 2023
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 4196
Abstract
Carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies are regarded as an economically feasible way to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, various aspects of CCUS are reviewed and discussed, including the use of geological sequestration, ocean sequestration and various mineral carbon mineralization [...] Read more.
Carbon capture utilization and storage (CCUS) technologies are regarded as an economically feasible way to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. In this paper, various aspects of CCUS are reviewed and discussed, including the use of geological sequestration, ocean sequestration and various mineral carbon mineralization with its accelerated carbonization methods. By chemically reacting CO2 with calcium or magnesium-containing minerals, mineral carbonation technology creates stable carbonate compounds that do not require ongoing liability or monitoring. In addition, using industrial waste residues as a source of carbonate minerals appears as an option because they are less expensive and easily accessible close to CO2 emitters and have higher reactivity than natural minerals. Among those geological formations for CO2 storage, carbon microbubbles sequestration provides the economic leak-free option of carbon capture and storage. This paper first presents the advantages and disadvantages of various ways of storing carbon dioxide; then, it proposes a new method of injecting carbon dioxide and industrial waste into underground cavities. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Volume II: Carbon Capture, Utilisation and Storage)
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