Recent Advances of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetes—Volume II

Dear Colleagues,

The pathological progression of diabetes mellitus is intimately connected to the formation and activation of oxidative stress (OS).

OS is a consequence of redox system disturbance characterized by a notably increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) [1].

ROS play a central role in the interactions involving inflammation and metabolic control. Hyperglycemia, through various mechanisms, leads to increased ROS production and chronic inflammation. The excessive production of ROS can feedback and contribute to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion, a vicious circle that continues to recur [2].

Endogenous antioxidant defense systems help to reduce deleterious ROS. Antioxidant enzymes can accelerate the breakdown of ROS, while the non-enzyme antioxidants can capture and eliminate free radicals [3]. Studies show that external antioxidants, such as vitamin C, vitamin E, carotenoids, and various derivatives of phenyl-propenoids, have the potential to enhance antioxidant defense systems. Additionally, the consumption of polyphenol-rich food has been associated with several multitarget antioxidative activities. In particular, studies have shown gallic acid (GA), the common chemical entity of polyphenols, to be an antioxidant and regulator of immunity to infections [2].

Various studies show different endogenous substances that may reduce OS; for example, MitoQTPP and TEMPOL, two mitochondria antioxidants, epigallocatechin gallate, green tea compounds, and curcumin [4,5].

The purpose of this Special Issue is to highlight the research advances regarding the interactions between oxidative stress and inflammation in diabetes. Our goal is to provide research papers as well as reviews related to endogenous and external antioxidant defense systems and to present modern therapeutic strategies in the treatment of DM that aim to develop new methods of personalized antioxidant therapy [3].

References

1. Luc, K.; Schramm-Luc, A.; Guzik, T.J.; Mikolajczyk, T.P. Oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in prediabetes and diabetes. J. Physiol Pharmacol. 2019, 70(6), 809–824. https://doi.org/10.26402/jpp.2019.6.01.
2. Xu, Y.; Tank, G.; Zhang, C. Gallic Acid and diabetis mellitus: Its association with oxidative stress. Molecules 2021, 26(23), 7115.
3. Darenskaya, M.A.; Kolesnikova, L.I.; Kolesnikov, S.I. Oxidative Stress: Pathogenetic Role in Diabetes Mellitus and Its Complications and Therapeutic Approaches to Correction. Bull. Exp. Biol. Med. 2021, 171(2), 179–189. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10517-021-05191-7.
4. Bulboaca, A.E.; Boarescu, P.M.; Porfre, A.S.; Dogaru, G.; Barbalata, C.; Valeanu, M.; Munteanu, C.; Râjnoveanu, R.M.; Nicula, C.A.; Stanescu, I.C. The efect of nano-epigallocatechin-gallate on oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinases in experimental diabetes mellitus.  Antioxidants 2020, 9(2), 172. https://doi.org/10.3390/antiox9020172.
5. Pivari, F.; Mingione, A.; Brasacchio, C.; Soldati, L. Curcumin and type 2 diabetes mellitus: Prevention and treatment. Nutrients 2019, 11(8), 1837. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu11081837.

Prof. Dr. Itamar Raz
Dr. Roni Weinberg Sibony
Guest Editors

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• diabetes mellitus
• oxidative stress
• inflammation
• hyperglycemia
• reactive oxygen species
• antioxidants
• β cells
• gallic acid

• Recent Advances of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Diabetes in Cells (6 articles)