Catalysts in Biomass Valorization

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Biomass Catalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 January 2022) | Viewed by 4807

Special Issue Editors


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Guest Editor
Institute of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Kraków, Poland
Interests: heterogeneous catalysis, DFT modeling, organic technology, biomass valorization, odors, chemical engineering and technology
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Guest Editor
Energy and Environment Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Interests: catalysis, syngas chemistry, materials, activation of CO2, H¬2O and alkanes, automotive depollution, chemical engineering

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Guest Editor
Energy and Environment Division, Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen PSI, Switzerland
Interests: homogeneous catalysis, lignin, biomass valorization, green and environmental chemistry, data mining, machine learning, high-resolution mass spectrometry

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

The main goal of this Special Issue is to compile and review the current state-of-the-art research on the design of nanoscale catalysts and the tuning their performance for dedicated selective biomass-to-green-chemicals transformations. Studies examining the role of reactivity in selected biomass conversion reactions involving both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts will be highly appreciated. Of particular interest will be the exploration of active sites and electronic structures of catalysts during reactions, which can lead to the development of a new class of active materials with identified structures. With this Special Issue, we are expecting to gain new insights from both molecular modeling and experimental methods into catalysts' topology and catalytic properties. The overall aim is to tackle any unresolved problems and uncertainties to foster the development of the science and economy of catalysts design for the sustainable and environmentally friendly production of green chemicals from waste biomass.

Prof. Dr. Izabela Czekaj
Dr. David Baudouin
Dr. Katarzyna Arturi
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • Biomass valorization
  • Lignin conversion
  • Porous catalysts design
  • Homogeneous catalysts
  • Heterogeneous catalysts
  • Nano-design of catalysts
  • Green chemicals

Published Papers (2 papers)

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Research

16 pages, 30953 KiB  
Article
Raw Biogas as Feedstock for the OCM Process
by Barbara Michorczyk, Jakub Sikora, Bogusława Kordon-Łapczyńska, Dorota Gaweł and Izabela Czekaj
Catalysts 2022, 12(1), 54; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12010054 - 05 Jan 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 1562
Abstract
The paper presents the research results obtained in the process of oxidative coupling of methane, in which unpurified biogas was used as the feedstock. Biogas obtained from two kinds of biomass materials, i.e., plant materials (potato and beet pulp, Corn-Cob-Mix—biogas 1) and animal [...] Read more.
The paper presents the research results obtained in the process of oxidative coupling of methane, in which unpurified biogas was used as the feedstock. Biogas obtained from two kinds of biomass materials, i.e., plant materials (potato and beet pulp, Corn-Cob-Mix—biogas 1) and animal waste (waste from fish filleting—biogas 2) was considered. The influence of temperature, the ratio of methane/oxygen and total flows of feedstock on the catalytic performance in oxidative coupling of methane process was investigated. Comparative tests were carried out using pure methane and a mixture of methane-carbon dioxide to simulate the composition of biogas 2. The process was carried out in the presence of an Mn-Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst. Fresh and used catalysts were characterised by means of powder X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and low-temperature nitrogen adsorption techniques. In oxidative coupling of methane, the type of raw material used as the source of methane has a small effect on methane conversion (the differences in methane conversion are below 3%), but a significant effect on the selectivity to C2. Depending on the type of raw material, the differences in selectivity to C2 reach as high as 9%. However, the Mn-Na2WO4/SiO2 catalyst operated steadily in the tested period of time at any feedstock composition. Moreover, it was found that CO2, which is the second main component of biogas in addition to methane, has an effect on catalytic performance. Comparative results of catalytic tests indicate that the CO2 effect varies with temperature. Below 1073 K, CO2 exerts a small poisoning effect on methane conversion, while above this temperature the negative effect of CO2 disappears. In the case of selectivity to C2+, the negative effect of CO2 was observed only at 1023 K. At higher temperatures, CO2 enhances selectivity to C2+. The effect of CO2 was established by correlating the catalytic results with the temperature programmed desorption of CO2 investigation. The poisoning effect of CO2 was connected with the formation of surface Na2CO3, whose concentration depends on temperature. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysts in Biomass Valorization)
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18 pages, 5995 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Synthetic and Natural Zeolite Catalysts’ Behavior in the Production of Lactic Acid and Ethyl Lactate from Biomass-Derived Dihydroxyacetone
by Natalia Sobuś and Izabela Czekaj
Catalysts 2021, 11(8), 1006; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11081006 - 20 Aug 2021
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2666
Abstract
This article presents the results of the conversion of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) to lactic acid (LA) with the use of zeolite catalysts. For this purpose, synthetic zeolite beta (BEA) and natural clinoptilolite (CLI) were used as a matrix. The zeolites were modified with various [...] Read more.
This article presents the results of the conversion of dihydroxyacetone (DHA) to lactic acid (LA) with the use of zeolite catalysts. For this purpose, synthetic zeolite beta (BEA) and natural clinoptilolite (CLI) were used as a matrix. The zeolites were modified with various metals (Sn, Fe, Cu and Zn) during ion exchange under hydrothermal conditions. The DHA conversion process with the participation of metal-functionalized zeolites allowed us to obtain intermediates, i.e., pyruvic aldehyde (PAL), which during the further reaction was transformed into a mixture of products such as ethyl lactate (EL), pyruvic aldehyde (PA), lactic acid and ethyl acetate (EA). The best selectivity towards lactic acid was achieved using Sn-CLI (100%) > Na-BEA (98.7%) > Sn-BEA (95.9%) > Cu-BEA (92.9%), ethyl lactate using Cu-CLI, and pyruvic aldehyde using the Zn-BEA catalyst. In the case of a natural zeolite, modification with Sn is promising for obtaining a pure lactic acid with a relatively good carbon balance. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Catalysts in Biomass Valorization)
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