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Catalysts
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Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2
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Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Photocatalysis".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 June 2021) | Viewed by 20677

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Martin Reli

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Environmental Technology, VŠB-TU Ostrava, 17. listopadu 15/2172, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
Interests: photocatalysis; CO2 photoreduction; hydrocarbon production

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Carbon dioxide and its emissions represent a hot topic in global warming discussions. However, it also represents the most abundant source of carbon which is not utilized. The idea of conversion of carbon dioxide into other useful chemicals such as methanol or methane and their utilization as fuels could help with the world’s emerging energy shortage. Even though photocatalytic reduction of CO2 has been studied for many years, its exact reaction mechanism is not known, and even the reaction itself represents a challenge. This Special Issue collects original research papers, reviews, and commentaries focused on improving the knowledge of photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide, including new reactor design, novel photocatalysts, and especially understanding of reaction mechanisms.   

Dr. Martin Reli
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Catalysts is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Photocatalytic reduction of CO2
  • Reaction mechanism of CO2 photoreduction
  • Reactor design for CO2 photoreduction
  • CO2 to fuels
  • Hydrocarbon production from CO2

Published Papers (5 papers)

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Research

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19 pages, 4484 KiB  
Article
Improvement of CO2 Photoreduction Efficiency by Process Intensification
by Zekai Zhang, Ying Wang, Guokai Cui, Huayan Liu, Stéphane Abanades and Hanfeng Lu
Catalysts 2021, 11(8), 912; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11080912 - 28 Jul 2021
Cited by 9 | Viewed by 2411
Abstract
This paper addresses an innovative approach to improve CO2 photoreduction via process intensification. The principle of CO2 photoreduction using process intensification is presented and reviewed. Process intensification via concentrating solar light technology is developed and demonstrated. The concept consists in rising [...] Read more.
This paper addresses an innovative approach to improve CO2 photoreduction via process intensification. The principle of CO2 photoreduction using process intensification is presented and reviewed. Process intensification via concentrating solar light technology is developed and demonstrated. The concept consists in rising the incident light intensity as well as the reaction temperature and pressure during CO2 photoreduction using concentrating solar light. A solar reactor system using concentrated sunlight was accordingly designed and set up. The distribution of light intensity and temperature in the reactor was modeled and simulated. CO2 photoreduction performance in the reactor system was assessed, and the reaction temperature and pressure evolution were recorded. The results showed that the light intensity, temperature, and pressure could be effectively increased and irradiation on the catalyst surface followed a Gaussian distribution. The CO2 photoreduction reaction rates were enhanced to hundreds of times. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2)
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23 pages, 7565 KiB  
Article
Energy Transport of Photocatalytic Carbon Dioxide Reduction in Optical Fiber Honeycomb Reactor Coupled with Trough Concentrated Solar Power
by Kai Tong, Lei Chen, Lijun Yang, Xiaoze Du and Yongping Yang
Catalysts 2021, 11(7), 829; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal11070829 - 08 Jul 2021
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2133
Abstract
Thanks to the high photon efficiency and reaction density, the optical fiber monolith reactor (OFMR) for InTaO4-based CO2 photoreduction is regarded as a promising photoreactor. In this work, the OFMR coupling with parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) is proposed to enlarge [...] Read more.
Thanks to the high photon efficiency and reaction density, the optical fiber monolith reactor (OFMR) for InTaO4-based CO2 photoreduction is regarded as a promising photoreactor. In this work, the OFMR coupling with parabolic trough concentrator (PTC) is proposed to enlarge the daylighting area by several times without increasing the cost of photocatalysts. Based on the Monte Carlo ray-tracing (MCRT) approach and the finite volume method (FVM), a computational model of the reaction module considering the light, heat, and mass transfer is developed to optimize the fiber honeycomb reactor coupled with the PTC. As a result, the volume-averaged concentration of production reaches 1.85 × 10−4 mol·m−3, which is much higher than the traditional OFMR with the production concentration of 9.61 × 10−6 mol·m−3 under the same condition. The optimized structure of the monolith for better photocatalytic performance is obtained. It shows that the diameters of gas channels ranging from 1.5 to 2 mm are beneficial to the reaction efficiency. Finally, the results suggested that the even number of the gas channel should be avoided due to the pseudo-steady zone in the middle of the monolith. The reaction element with the high serial number along the flow direction has the reduced reaction density and endangers the organic optical fibers especially when the serial number exceeds 5. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2)
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27 pages, 10843 KiB  
Article
Photocatalytic H2 Evolution, CO2 Reduction, and NOx Oxidation by Highly Exfoliated g-C3N4
by Nadia Todorova, Ilias Papailias, Tatiana Giannakopoulou, Nikolaos Ioannidis, Nikos Boukos, Panagiotis Dallas, Miroslava Edelmannová, Martin Reli, Kamila Kočí and Christos Trapalis
Catalysts 2020, 10(10), 1147; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10101147 - 03 Oct 2020
Cited by 19 | Viewed by 3099
Abstract
g-C3N4, with specific surface area up to 513 m2/g, was prepared via three successive thermal treatments at 550 °C in air with gradual precursor mass decrease. The obtained bulk and exfoliated (1ex, 2ex and 3ex) g-C3 [...] Read more.
g-C3N4, with specific surface area up to 513 m2/g, was prepared via three successive thermal treatments at 550 °C in air with gradual precursor mass decrease. The obtained bulk and exfoliated (1ex, 2ex and 3ex) g-C3N4 were characterized and tested as photocatalysts for H2 production, CO2 reduction and NOx oxidation. The exfoliated samples demonstrated graphene-like morphology with detached (2ex) and sponge-like framework (3ex) of layers. The surface area increased drastically from 20 m2/g (bulk) to 513 m2/g (3ex). The band gap (Eg) increased gradually from 2.70 to 3.04 eV. Superoxide radicals (·O2−) were mainly formed under UV and visible light. In comparison to the bulk, the exfoliated g-C3N4 demonstrated significant increase in H2 evolution (~6 times), CO2 reduction (~3 times) and NOx oxidation (~4 times) under UV light. Despite the Eg widening, the photocatalytic performance of the exfoliated g-C3N4 under visible light was improved too. The results were related to the large surface area and low e−-h+ recombination. The highly exfoliated g-C3N4 demonstrated selectivity towards H2 evolution reactions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2)
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Review

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35 pages, 7160 KiB  
Review
Direct Conversion of CO2 into Hydrocarbon Solar Fuels by a Synergistic Photothermal Catalysis
by Jindan Tian, Ru Han, Qiangsheng Guo, Zhe Zhao and Na Sha
Catalysts 2022, 12(6), 612; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12060612 - 02 Jun 2022
Cited by 10 | Viewed by 3482
Abstract
Photothermal coupling catalysis technology has been widely studied in recent years and may be a promising method for CO2 reduction. Photothermal coupling catalysis can improve chemical reaction rates and realize the controllability of reaction pathways and products, even in a relatively moderate [...] Read more.
Photothermal coupling catalysis technology has been widely studied in recent years and may be a promising method for CO2 reduction. Photothermal coupling catalysis can improve chemical reaction rates and realize the controllability of reaction pathways and products, even in a relatively moderate reaction condition. It has inestimable value in the current energy and global environmental crisis. This review describes the application of photothermal catalysis in CO2 reduction from different aspects. Firstly, the definition and advantages of photothermal catalysis are briefly described. Then, different photothermal catalytic reductions of CO2 products and catalysts are introduced. Finally, several strategies to improve the activity of photothermal catalytic reduction of CO2 are described and we present our views on the future development and challenges of photothermal coupling. Ultimately, the purpose of this review is to bring more researchers’ attention to this promising technology and promote this technology in solar fuels and chemicals production, to realize the value of the technology and provide a better path for its development. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2)
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43 pages, 10450 KiB  
Review
Layered Double Hydroxide (LDH) Based Photocatalysts: An Outstanding Strategy for Efficient Photocatalytic CO2 Conversion
by Abdul Razzaq, Shahzad Ali, Muhammad Asif and Su-Il In
Catalysts 2020, 10(10), 1185; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal10101185 - 14 Oct 2020
Cited by 57 | Viewed by 7975
Abstract
CO2 conversion to solar fuels/chemicals is an alluring approach for narrowing critical issues of global warming, environmental pollution, and climate change, caused by excess atmospheric CO2 concentration. Amongst various CO2 conversion strategies, photocatalytic CO2 conversion (PCC) is considered as [...] Read more.
CO2 conversion to solar fuels/chemicals is an alluring approach for narrowing critical issues of global warming, environmental pollution, and climate change, caused by excess atmospheric CO2 concentration. Amongst various CO2 conversion strategies, photocatalytic CO2 conversion (PCC) is considered as a promising approach, which utilizes inexpensive sunlight and water with a photocatalyst material. Hence, development of an efficient and a stable photocatalyst is an essential activity for the respective scientific community to upscale the PCC research domain. Until today, metal oxides, such as TiO2, ZnO, etc., are categorized as standard photocatalysts because of their relative stability, abundant availability and low cost. However, their performance is tethered by limited light absorption and somewhat physical properties. Recently, layered double hydroxides (LDHs) have offered an exciting and efficient way for PCC due to their superb CO2 adsorption and moderate photocatalytic properties. The LDH based photocatalysts show marvelous physiochemical and electrical properties like high surface area, stability, and excellent conductivity. In the present review article, a summarized survey is portrayed regarding latest development for LDH based photocatalysts with a focus on synthesis strategies employing various photocatalyst materials, influencing parameters and possible mechanism involved in PCC to useful fuels and chemicals like CO, CH4, CH3OH, and H2. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Photocatalytic Reduction of CO2)
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