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Catalysts
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Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation
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Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation

A special issue of Catalysts (ISSN 2073-4344). This special issue belongs to the section "Catalytic Materials".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (30 April 2023) | Viewed by 18868

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Wenhui Wang

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
Interests: advanced oxidation process; green synthesis of H2O2; Li/Na batteries; battery recycling
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

Persulfate (PS)-based advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) have attracted great attention as promising technologies for organic pollutant remediation in wastewater. However, the catalytic activation efficiency of PS is still unsatisfactory for practical application due to the sluggish catalytic kinetics and low atomic utilization rates of catalysts. On the other hand, PS-based AOPs have been claimed to involve different oxidants, such as sulfate radical and singlet oxygen, which is different to traditional AOPs that involve hydroxyl radicals as the main oxidant. Moreover, controversial observations and interpretations on effective oxidants as well as the oxidation pathway exist in some previous reports, hindering the scientific development of PS-based AOPs. Thus, recent intensive effort has been devoted to developing advanced catalysts and unveiling catalytic/degradation mechanisms. This Special Issue aims to cover recent progress in developing advanced catalysts and theoretical understanding in catalytic/degradation mechanisms of PS-based AOPs.

Prof. Dr. Wenhui Wang
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

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Keywords

  • advanced oxidation processes
  • persulfate activation
  • catalytic mechanisms
  • catalytic sites
  • reactive oxygen species
  • nonradical oxidation
  • piezocatalysts
  • metallic catalysts
  • bimetal catalysts
  • carbonaceous catalysts
  • DFT
  • degradation pathway

Published Papers (9 papers)

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Research

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14 pages, 3753 KiB  
Article
Peroxymonosulfate Activation by CuO-Fe2O3-Modified Ni Foam: A 1O2 Dominated Process for Efficient and Stable Degradation of Tetracycline
by Xueqing Ren, Peng Xu, Ke Tian, Menghan Cao, Fengyin Shi and Guangshan Zhang
Catalysts 2023, 13(2), 329; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13020329 - 02 Feb 2023
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1714
Abstract
The post-separation of powder catalysts restricts the practical application of peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation technology. Hence, we fabricated CuO-Fe2O3-modified Ni foam (CFO-NF) using a facile hydrothermal method for an efficient PMS activation. The CFO-NF/PMS system could achieve a 97.9% [...] Read more.
The post-separation of powder catalysts restricts the practical application of peroxymonosulfate (PMS)-based advanced oxidation technology. Hence, we fabricated CuO-Fe2O3-modified Ni foam (CFO-NF) using a facile hydrothermal method for an efficient PMS activation. The CFO-NF/PMS system could achieve a 97.9% tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) removal efficiency in 60 min with four pieces of CFO-NF and 0.4 mmol L−1 of PMS. The removal efficiency was maintained at ˃85% even after five cycles, indicating the excellent stability of CFO-NF composites. The conversion among Fe(III)/Fe(II), Cu(II)/Cu(I), and Ni(III)/Ni(II) accelerated the PMS decomposition, verifying the synergy between CuO-Fe2O3 and Ni foam. The trapping experiments and EPR detection confirmed that abundant active species (•OH, SO4•−, O2•−, and 1O2) were produced in the CFO-NF/PMS system, accounting for the existence of radical pathways and a non-radical pathway, in which 1O2 (non-radical pathway) was dominated. This study developed a novel CuO-Fe2O3-modified Ni foam with a superior PMS activation performance, a high stability, and a recoverability for eliminating refractory organic pollutants. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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12 pages, 5745 KiB  
Article
Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Bisphenol A Degradation Using Fe3O4-Activated Persulfate
by Shufang Chen and Yan Yu
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 128; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010128 - 06 Jan 2023
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1321
Abstract
In this study, the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by a magnetite (Fe3O4)/persulfate (PS) system was investigated. The effects of magnetite dosage, PS concentration, BPA concentration, and pH on Fe3O4-activated PS in degrading BPA were [...] Read more.
In this study, the degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) by a magnetite (Fe3O4)/persulfate (PS) system was investigated. The effects of magnetite dosage, PS concentration, BPA concentration, and pH on Fe3O4-activated PS in degrading BPA were investigated using single factor experiments. magnetite dosage, PS concentration, and pH were identified as factors in the response surface experimental protocol. Using Box-Behnken analysis, a quadratic model with a high correlation coefficient (0.9152) was obtained, which was accurate in predicting the experimental results. The optimal parameter conditions obtained by the response surface methodology (RSM) were [magnetite] = 0.3 g/L, [PS] = 0.26 mM, and pH = 4.9, under which the predicted BPA degradation rate was 59.54%, close to the real value. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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13 pages, 5925 KiB  
Article
Performance and Kinetics of BPA Degradation Initiated by Powdered Iron (or Ferrous Sulfate) and Persulfate in Aqueous Solutions
by Bojiao Yan, Huan Deng, Hongyan Wei, Lizhu Chen, Hongxu Liu, Tiehong Song and Xiaodan Yu
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 36; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010036 - 24 Dec 2022
Cited by 2 | Viewed by 1568
Abstract
The widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) in industry has resulted in BPA contamination of water bodies and even endocrine-disrupting effects on organisms and humans through water transmission. Advanced oxidation processes based on sulfate radicals have received increasing attention due to their ability [...] Read more.
The widespread use of bisphenol A (BPA) in industry has resulted in BPA contamination of water bodies and even endocrine-disrupting effects on organisms and humans through water transmission. Advanced oxidation processes based on sulfate radicals have received increasing attention due to their ability to efficiently degrade endocrine disruptors (including BPA) in water. In this study, powdered iron (Fe(0)) and ferrous sulfate (Fe(II)) were used as activators to activate persulfate (PS) for the degradation of BPA. The effects of the dosage of the activator, the concentration of PS, the concentration of BPA, the initial solution pH, and the reaction temperature on the degradation efficiency of BPA in Fe(II)/PS and Fe(0)/PS systems were investigated, and the kinetics of BPA degradation under different reaction conditions were analyzed. The results showed that the optimal conditions were [Fe(II)] = 0.1 g/L, [PS] = 0.4 mM, [BPA] = 1 mg/L, T = 70 °C and pH = 5.0 for the Fe(II)/PS system and [Fe(0)] = 0.5 g/L, [PS] = 0.5 mM, [BPA] = 1 mg/L, T = 70 °C and pH = 5.0 for the Fe(0)/PS system; both systems were able to achieve equally good degradation of BPA. The degradation of BPA in the Fe(II)/PS system satisfied the pseudo-secondary kinetic equation under varying PS concentration conditions, otherwise the degradation of BPA in both systems conformed to the pseudo-first-order kinetic equation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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7 pages, 1574 KiB  
Article
The Kinetic Simulation of Persulfate Activation by Nano-Ferrosoferric Oxide
by Tiehong Song, Yanjiao Gao, Guanqiao Li, Yaxin Chen and Qiang Li
Catalysts 2022, 12(11), 1353; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12111353 - 03 Nov 2022
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1237
Abstract
Nano-ferrosoferric-oxide (nFe3O4)-activated persulfate (PS) technology was used to remove pollutant bisphenol A (BPA) in water. The effects of nFe3O4 concentration, PS concentration, BPA concentration, temperature, and pH were investigated in terms of the degradation effect of [...] Read more.
Nano-ferrosoferric-oxide (nFe3O4)-activated persulfate (PS) technology was used to remove pollutant bisphenol A (BPA) in water. The effects of nFe3O4 concentration, PS concentration, BPA concentration, temperature, and pH were investigated in terms of the degradation effect of BPA. The results showed that more PS dosage and lower BPA concentration could improve the degradation rate of BPA. When other conditions were constant, the degradation rate of BPA increased with the increase of temperature. When pH was 5, the degradation rate of BPA was the highest. When the initial PS concentration and pH were changed, the degradation rate of BPA was consistent with the pseudo-secondary kinetic model. Under other conditions, the degradation rate of BPA was consistent with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. Sulfate radical (SO4•−) produced by nFe3O4/PS system was mainly responsible for the degradation of BPA. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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14 pages, 2299 KiB  
Article
Heterogeneous Activation of Peroxymonosulfate by a Spinel CoAl2O4 Catalyst for the Degradation of Organic Pollutants
by Sheng Guo, Lijuan Zhang, Meng Chen, Fawad Ahmad, Hussain Fida and Huali Zhang
Catalysts 2022, 12(8), 847; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12080847 - 02 Aug 2022
Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2213
Abstract
Bimetallic catalysts have significantly contributed to the chemical community, especially in environmental science. In this work, a CoAl2O4 spinel bimetal oxide was synthesized by a facile co-precipitation method and used for the degradation of organic pollutants through peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. [...] Read more.
Bimetallic catalysts have significantly contributed to the chemical community, especially in environmental science. In this work, a CoAl2O4 spinel bimetal oxide was synthesized by a facile co-precipitation method and used for the degradation of organic pollutants through peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. Compared with Co3O4, the as-prepared CoAl2O4 possesses a higher specific surface area and a larger pore volume, which contributes to its becoming increasingly conducive to the degradation of organic pollutants. Under optimal conditions (calcination temperature: 500 °C, catalyst: 0.1 g/L, and PMS: 0.1 g/L), the as-prepared CoAl2O4 catalyst could degrade over 99% of rhodamine B (RhB) at a degradation rate of 0.048 min−1, which is 2.18 times faster than Co3O4 (0.022 min−1). The presence of Cl− could enhance RhB degradation in the CoAl2O4/PMS system, while HCO3− and CO32− inhibit RhB degradation. Furthermore, the considerable reusability and universality of CoAl2O4 were testified. Through quenching tests, 1O2 and SO4•− were identified as the primary reactive species in RhB degradation. The toxicity evaluation verified that the degraded solution exhibited lower biological toxicity than the initial RhB solution. This study provides new prospects in the design of cost-effective and stable cobalt-based catalysts and promotes the application of PMS-based advanced oxidation processes for refractory wastewater treatment. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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18 pages, 3638 KiB  
Article
Regulating Crystal Facets of MnO2 for Enhancing Peroxymonosulfate Activation to Degrade Pollutants: Performance and Mechanism
by Juncong Fu, Peng Gao, Lu Wang, Yongqing Zhang, Yuhui Deng, Renfeng Huang, Shuaifei Zhao, Zebin Yu, Yuancheng Wei, Guangzhao Wang and Shaoqi Zhou
Catalysts 2022, 12(3), 342; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12030342 - 17 Mar 2022
Cited by 16 | Viewed by 2929
Abstract
On the catalyst surface, crystal facets with different surface atom arrangements and diverse physicochemical properties lead to distinct catalytic activity. Acquiring a highly reactive facet through surface regulation is an efficient strategy to promote the oxidative decomposition of wastewater organic pollutants via peroxymonosulfate [...] Read more.
On the catalyst surface, crystal facets with different surface atom arrangements and diverse physicochemical properties lead to distinct catalytic activity. Acquiring a highly reactive facet through surface regulation is an efficient strategy to promote the oxidative decomposition of wastewater organic pollutants via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation. However, the mechanism through which crystal facets affect PMS activation is still unclear. In this study, three facet-engineered α-MnO2 with different exposed facets were prepared via a facile hydrothermal route. The prepared 310-MnO2 exhibited superior PMS activation performance to 100-MnO2 and 110-MnO2. Moreover, the 310-MnO2/PMS oxidative system was active over a wide pH range and highly resistant to interfering substances from wastewater. These advantages of the 310-MnO2/PMS system make it highly promising for practical wastewater treatment. Based on quenching experiments, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analysis, solvent exchange, and electrochemical measurements, mediated electron transfer was found to be the dominant nonradical pathway for p-chloroaniline (PCA) degradation. A sulfhydryl group (-SH) masking experiment showed that the highly exposed Mn atoms on the 310-MnO2 surface were sites of PMS activation. In addition, density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the dominant {310} facet promoted adsorption/activation of PMS, which favored the formation of more metastable complexes on the α-MnO2 surface. The reaction mechanism obtained here clarifies the relationship between PMS activation and crystal facets. This study provides significant insights into the rational design of high-performance catalysts for efficient water remediation. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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Review

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23 pages, 3482 KiB  
Review
Applications of Spent Lithium Battery Electrode Materials in Catalytic Decontamination: A Review
by Pu Wang, Yaoguang Guo, Jie Guan and Zhaohui Wang
Catalysts 2023, 13(1), 189; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal13010189 - 13 Jan 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1918
Abstract
For a large amount of spent lithium battery electrode materials (SLBEMs), direct recycling by traditional hydrometallurgy or pyrometallurgy technologies suffers from high cost and low efficiency and even serious secondary pollution. Therefore, aiming to maximize the benefits of both environmental protection and e-waste [...] Read more.
For a large amount of spent lithium battery electrode materials (SLBEMs), direct recycling by traditional hydrometallurgy or pyrometallurgy technologies suffers from high cost and low efficiency and even serious secondary pollution. Therefore, aiming to maximize the benefits of both environmental protection and e-waste resource recovery, the applications of SLBEM containing redox-active transition metals (e.g., Ni, Co, Mn, and Fe) for catalytic decontamination before disposal and recycling has attracted extensive attention. More importantly, the positive effects of innate structural advantages (defects, oxygen vacancies, and metal vacancies) in SLBEMs on catalytic decontamination have gradually been unveiled. This review summarizes the pretreatment and utilization methods to achieve excellent catalytic performance of SLBEMs, the key factors (pH, reaction temperature, coexisting anions, and catalyst dosage) affecting the catalytic activity of SLBEM, the potential application and the outstanding characteristics (detection, reinforcement approaches, and effects of innate structural advantages) of SLBEMs in pollution treatment, and possible reaction mechanisms. In addition, this review proposes the possible problems of SLBEMs in practical decontamination and the future outlook, which can help to provide a broader reference for researchers to better promote the implementation of “treating waste to waste” strategy. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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23 pages, 1983 KiB  
Review
A Review of Persulfate Activation by Magnetic Catalysts to Degrade Organic Contaminants: Mechanisms and Applications
by Ke Tian, Fengyin Shi, Menghan Cao, Qingzhu Zheng and Guangshan Zhang
Catalysts 2022, 12(9), 1058; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12091058 - 16 Sep 2022
Cited by 7 | Viewed by 2121
Abstract
All kinds of refractory organic pollutants in environmental water pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. In recent decades, sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have attracted extensive attention in the removal of these organic pollutants due to their high redox [...] Read more.
All kinds of refractory organic pollutants in environmental water pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. In recent decades, sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation processes (SR-AOPs) have attracted extensive attention in the removal of these organic pollutants due to their high redox potential and unique selectivity. This review first introduces persulfate activation by magnetic catalysts to degrade organic contaminants. We present the advances and classifications in the generation of sulfate radicals using magnetic catalysts. Subsequently, the degradation mechanisms in magnetic catalysts activated persulfate system are summarized and discussed. After an integrated presentation of magnetic catalysts in SR-AOPs, we discuss the application of persulfate activation by magnetic catalysts in the treatment of wastewater, landfill leachate, biological waste sludge, and soil containing organic pollutants. Finally, the current challenges and perspectives of magnetic catalysts that activated persulfate systems are summarized and put forward. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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18 pages, 3637 KiB  
Review
Degradation of Antibiotics via UV-Activated Peroxodisulfate or Peroxymonosulfate: A Review
by Tiehong Song, Guanqiao Li, Ruihua Hu, Ying Liu, Hongxu Liu and Yanjiao Gao
Catalysts 2022, 12(9), 1025; https://doi.org/10.3390/catal12091025 - 09 Sep 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2637
Abstract
The ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2, UV/O3, UV/peroxodisulfate (PDS) and UV/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) methods are called UV-based advanced oxidation processes. In the UV/H2O2 and UV/O3 processes, the free radicals generated are hydroxyl radicals (•OH), while in the [...] Read more.
The ultraviolet (UV)/H2O2, UV/O3, UV/peroxodisulfate (PDS) and UV/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) methods are called UV-based advanced oxidation processes. In the UV/H2O2 and UV/O3 processes, the free radicals generated are hydroxyl radicals (•OH), while in the UV/PDS and UV/PMS processes, sulfate radicals (SO4•−) predominate, accompanied by •OH. SO4•− are considered to be more advantageous than •OH in degrading organic substances, so the researches on activation of PDS and PMS have become a hot spot in recent years. Especially the utilization of UV-activated PDS and PMS in removing antibiotics in water has received much attention. Some influencing factors and mechanisms are constantly investigated and discussed in the UV/PDS and UV/PMS systems toward antibiotics degradation. However, a systematic review about UV/PDS and UV/PMS in eliminating antibiotics is lacking up to now. Therefore, this review is intended to present the properties of UV sources, antibiotics, and PDS (PMS), to discuss the application of UV/PDS (PMS) in degrading antibiotics from the aspects of effect, influencing factors and mechanism, and to analyze and propose future research directions. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advanced Catalysts for Persulfate Activation)
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