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Biosensors
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Optical Fiber Sensors for Environmental and Biomedical Applications
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Optical Fiber Sensors for Environmental and Biomedical Applications

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical and Photonic Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 July 2021) | Viewed by 17836

Special Issue Editor

Dr. Abian B. Socorro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
Institute of Smart Cities - Department of Electrical, Electronic and Communication Engineering Building Los Tejos - Public University of Navarre, 31006, Pamplona, Navarre, Spain
Interests: biomedical engineering; fiber-optic sensors; biosensors

Special Issue Information

Dear colleagues,

It is a pleasure to present to you and invite you to contribute to this Special Issue. High-quality contributions are encouraged covering two of the main challenges of the humankind today: taking care of environmental issues for a better and greener future on our planet and the need to develop biomedical tools that help us to live more and gain a better quality of life.

Regarding the environmental concerns, scientific evidence shows that climate change is an irrefutable fact. The emission of pollutants is gradually contaminating the air we breathe and increasing the radiation dose coming from space, as well as the temperatures all over the world. Additionally, the uncontrolled waste of industries is filling nature with both air and water pollutants. Furthermore, already existing natural phenomena such as extreme temperature and moisture variations, earthquakes, erosion, corrosion, etc. continue to represent interesting challenges that we still need to address, since it is necessary to anticipate what is going to happen in a geographic area for safety and, of course, to preserve the environmental conditions of the ecosystems.

Together with the need to take care of nature, it is also necessary to take care of ourselves. The challenge here is to help clinicians to heal people. At present, it is even more important to predict the evolution of a disease or a pandemic thanks to the development of biosensors. At the same time, monitoring the biomechanical behavior of a patient’s limbs may help to overcome disabilities. Wearables can monitor several variables at once; radiation sensors are crucial to control cancer therapy; anything that can help gain quality of life is worth investigating.

This Special Issue aims at the development of fiber-optic cutting-edge sensing solutions for both environmental and biomedical applications. The use of fiber‐optic sensors has flourished in many fields over the past decades. Their interesting characteristics (biocompatibility, reduced size, flexibility, weight and cost, capability to work in hazardous media, just to mention a few) make optical fibers suitable for a wide variety of applications related to the proposed topics. The objective is not only to provide an overview of recent achievements on fiber-optics, but also to stimulate ideas about the current and future research in two of the major challenges we face in our society today. Both original papers and reviews are welcome.

Dr. Abian B. Socorro
Guest Editor

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • Environmental
  • Heavy metals
  • Air and water pollutants
  • Global warming gas sensors
  • Earthquake, erosion, corrosion sensors
  • Temperature and moisture
  • Biomedical
  • Biosensors and diagnosis
  • Breathing sensors
  • Radiation sensors
  • Biomechanical sensors
  • Wearables

Published Papers (3 papers)

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Research

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10 pages, 2067 KiB  
Article
Real-Time Optical Monitoring of Endotracheal Tube Displacement
by Ramzan Ullah, Karl Doerfer, Pawjai Khampang, Faraneh Fathi, Wenzhou Hong, Joseph E. Kerschner and Bing Yu
Biosensors 2020, 10(11), 174; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios10110174 - 12 Nov 2020
Cited by 5 | Viewed by 5146
Abstract
Proper ventilation of a patient with an endotracheal tube (ETT) requires proper placement of the ETT. We present a sensitive, noninvasive, operator-free, and cost-effective optical sensor, called Opt-ETT, for the real-time assessment of ETT placement and alerting of the clinical care team should [...] Read more.
Proper ventilation of a patient with an endotracheal tube (ETT) requires proper placement of the ETT. We present a sensitive, noninvasive, operator-free, and cost-effective optical sensor, called Opt-ETT, for the real-time assessment of ETT placement and alerting of the clinical care team should the ETT become displaced. The Opt-ETT uses a side-firing optical fiber, a near-infrared light-emitting diode, two photodetectors with an integrated amplifier, an Arduino board, and a computer loaded with a custom LabVIEW program to monitor the position of the endotracheal tube inside the windpipe. The Opt-ETT generates a visual and audible warning if the tube moves over a distance set by the operator. Displacement prediction is made using a second-order polynomial fit to the voltages measured from each detector. The system is tested on ex vivo porcine tissues, and the accuracy is determined to be better than 1.0 mm. In vivo experiments with a pig are conducted to test the performance and usability of the system. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Sensors for Environmental and Biomedical Applications)
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Review

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20 pages, 5271 KiB  
Review
Comprehensive Review Tapered Optical Fiber Configurations for Sensing Application: Trend and Challenges
by Bakr Ahmed Taha, Norazida Ali, Nurfarhana Mohamad Sapiee, Mahmoud Muhanad Fadhel, Ros Maria Mat Yeh, Nur Nadia Bachok, Yousif Al Mashhadany and Norhana Arsad
Biosensors 2021, 11(8), 253; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11080253 - 27 Jul 2021
Cited by 45 | Viewed by 7863
Abstract
Understanding environmental information is necessary for functions correlated with human activities to improve healthcare quality and reduce ecological risk. Tapered optical fibers reduce some limitations of such devices and can be considerably more responsive to fluorescence and absorption properties changes. Data have been [...] Read more.
Understanding environmental information is necessary for functions correlated with human activities to improve healthcare quality and reduce ecological risk. Tapered optical fibers reduce some limitations of such devices and can be considerably more responsive to fluorescence and absorption properties changes. Data have been collected from reliable sources such as Science Direct, IEEE Xplore, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Google Scholar. In this narrative review, we have summarized and analyzed eight classes of tapered-fiber forms: fiber Bragg grating (FBG), long-period fiber grating (LPFG), Mach–Zehnder interferometer (MZI), photonic crystals fiber (PCF), surface plasmonic resonance (SPR), multi-taper devices, fiber loop ring-down technology, and optical tweezers. We evaluated many issues to make an informed judgement about the viability of employing the best of these methods in optical sensors. The analysis of performance for tapered optical fibers depends on four mean parameters: taper length, sensitivity, wavelength scale, and waist diameter. Finally, we assess the most potent strategy that has the potential for medical and environmental applications. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Sensors for Environmental and Biomedical Applications)
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33 pages, 4668 KiB  
Review
Trends in the Design of Intensity-Based Optical Fiber Biosensors (2010–2020)
by Nerea De Acha, Abián B. Socorro-Leránoz, César Elosúa and Ignacio R. Matías
Biosensors 2021, 11(6), 197; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios11060197 - 15 Jun 2021
Cited by 21 | Viewed by 4138
Abstract
There exists an increasing interest in monitoring low concentrations of biochemical species, as they allow the early-stage detection of illnesses or the monitoring of the environment quality. Thus, both companies and research groups are focused on the development of accurate, fast and highly [...] Read more.
There exists an increasing interest in monitoring low concentrations of biochemical species, as they allow the early-stage detection of illnesses or the monitoring of the environment quality. Thus, both companies and research groups are focused on the development of accurate, fast and highly sensitive biosensors. Optical fiber sensors have been widely employed for these purposes because they provide several advantages for their use in point-of-care and real-time applications. In particular, this review is focused on optical fiber biosensors based on luminescence and absorption. Apart from the key parameters that determine the performance of a sensor (limit of detection, sensibility, cross-sensibility, etc.), other features are analyzed, such as the optical fiber dimensions, the sensing set ups and the fiber functionalization. The aim of this review is to have a comprehensive insight of the different aspects that must be taken into account when working with this kind of sensors. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Fiber Sensors for Environmental and Biomedical Applications)
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