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2 pages, 137 KiB

Open AccessEditorial

Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis

by Amir Hatamie

Biosensors 2024, 14(2), 87; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios14020087 - 04 Feb 2024

Viewed by 1087

Abstract

“Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis” represents a cutting-edge field in biosensing technology which leverages the integration of micro- and nanoscale fabrication techniques [...] Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

Research

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14 pages, 3118 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multiplex Detection of Biogenic Amines for Meat Freshness Monitoring Using Nanoplasmonic Colorimetric Sensor Array

by Samira Abbasi-Moayed, Afsaneh Orouji and Mohammad Reza Hormozi-Nezhad

Biosensors 2023, 13(8), 803; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13080803 - 10 Aug 2023

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1158

Abstract

Biogenic amines (BAs) were presented as significant markers for the evaluation of the spoilage of meat and meat products. In this work, a colorimetric sensor array was developed for the discrimination and detection of spermine (SP), spermidine (SD), histamine (HS), and tryptamine (TP) [...] Read more.

Biogenic amines (BAs) were presented as significant markers for the evaluation of the spoilage of meat and meat products. In this work, a colorimetric sensor array was developed for the discrimination and detection of spermine (SP), spermidine (SD), histamine (HS), and tryptamine (TP) as important BAs in food assessment. For this aim, two important spherical plasmonic nanoparticles, namely gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), were utilized as the sensing elements of the probes. The cross-reactive interaction of the target biogenic amines and the plasmonic nanoparticles caused the aggregation-induced UV–Vis spectra changes, which were accompanied by visual color variation in the solution. The collected responses were analyzed by principal component analysis-linear discrimination analysis (PCA-LDA) to classify the four BAs. This colorimetric sensor array can also discriminate between the individual BAs and their mixture accurately. Partial least squares regression (PLS-R) was also utilized for quantitative analysis of the BAs. The wide linear concentration ranges of 0.1–10.0 µM for the four BAs and desirable figures of merits (FOMs) showed the potential of the developed sensor for quantitative detection of the BAs. Finally, the practical ability of the developed probe was studied by the determination of the BAs in the meat samples, which successfully proved the potential of the colorimetric sensor array in a food sample. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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10 pages, 2324 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

Highly Sensitive Detection of Chymotrypsin Based on Metal Organic Frameworks with Peptides Sensors

by Lei Liu, Cheng Liu and Li Gao

Biosensors 2023, 13(2), 263; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13020263 - 13 Feb 2023

Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1386

Abstract

In this study, peptides and composite nanomaterials based on copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were used to detect chymotrypsin. The peptide was a chymotrypsin-specific cleavage peptide. The amino end of the peptide was covalently bound to CuNCs. The sulfhydryl group at the other end of [...] Read more.

In this study, peptides and composite nanomaterials based on copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were used to detect chymotrypsin. The peptide was a chymotrypsin-specific cleavage peptide. The amino end of the peptide was covalently bound to CuNCs. The sulfhydryl group at the other end of the peptide can covalently combine with the composite nanomaterials. The fluorescence was quenched by fluorescence resonance energy transfer. The specific site of the peptide was cleaved by chymotrypsin. Therefore, the CuNCs were far away from the surface of the composite nanomaterials, and the intensity of fluorescence was restored. The limit of detection (LOD) using Porous Coordination Network (PCN)@graphene oxide (GO) @ gold nanoparticle (AuNP) sensor was lower than that of using PCN@AuNPs. The LOD based on PCN@GO@AuNPs was reduced from 9.57 pg mL⁻¹ to 3.91 pg mL⁻¹. This method was also used in a real sample. Therefore, it is a promising method in the biomedical field. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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15 pages, 3715 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Escherichia coli Enumeration in a Capillary-Driven Microfluidic Chip with SERS

by Üzeyir Dogan, Ferah Sucularlı, Ender Yildirim, Demet Cetin, Zekiye Suludere, Ismail Hakkı Boyaci and Ugur Tamer

Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 765; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090765 - 17 Sep 2022

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2205

Abstract

Pathogen detection is still a challenging issue for public health, especially in food products. A selective preconcentration step is also necessary if the target pathogen concentration is very low or if the sample volume is limited in the analysis. Plate counting (24–48 h) [...] Read more.

Pathogen detection is still a challenging issue for public health, especially in food products. A selective preconcentration step is also necessary if the target pathogen concentration is very low or if the sample volume is limited in the analysis. Plate counting (24–48 h) methods should be replaced by novel biosensor systems as an alternative reliable pathogen detection technique. The usage of a capillary-driven microfluidic chip is an alternative method for pathogen detection, with the combination of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) measurements. Here, we constructed microchambers with capillary microchannels to provide nanoparticle–pathogen transportation from one chamber to the other. Escherichia coli (E. coli) was selected as a model pathogen and specific antibody-modified magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) as a capture probe in a complex milk matrix. MNPs that captured E. coli were transferred in a capillary-driven microfluidic chip consisting of four chambers, and 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP)-labelled gold nanorods (Au NRs) were used as the Raman probe in the capillary-driven microfluidic chip. The MNPs provided immunomagnetic (IMS) separation and preconcentration of analytes from the sample matrix and then, 4-ATP-labelled Au NRs provided an SERS response by forming sandwich immunoassay structures in the last chamber of the capillary-driven microfluidic chip. The developed SERS-based method could detect 10¹–10⁷ cfu/mL of E. coli with the total analysis time of less than 60 min. Selectivity of the developed method was also tested by using Salmonella enteritidis (S. enteritidis) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) as analytes, and very weak signals were observed. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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17 pages, 3889 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Development of New Simple Compositions of Silver Inks for the Preparation of Pseudo-Reference Electrodes

by Jéssica R. Camargo, Wilson S. Fernandes-Junior, Déborah C. Azzi, Raquel G. Rocha, Lucas V. Faria, Eduardo M. Richter, Rodrigo A. A. Muñoz and Bruno C. Janegitz

Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 761; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090761 - 16 Sep 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2254

Abstract

Silver materials are known to present excellent properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity as well as chemical stability. Silver-based inks have drawn a lot of attention for being compatible with various substrates, which can be used in the production uniform and [...] Read more.

Silver materials are known to present excellent properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity as well as chemical stability. Silver-based inks have drawn a lot of attention for being compatible with various substrates, which can be used in the production uniform and stable pseudo-reference electrodes with low curing temperatures. Furthermore, the interest in the use of disposable electrodes has been increasing due to the low cost and the possibility of their use in point-of-care and point-of-need situations. Thus, in this work, two new inks were developed using Ag as conductive material and colorless polymers (nail polish (NP) and shellac (SL)), and applied to different substrates (screen-printed electrodes, acetate sheets, and 3D-printed electrodes) to verify the performance of the proposed inks. Measurements attained with open circuit potential (OCP) attested to the stability of the potential of the pseudo-reference proposed for 1 h. Analytical curves for β-estradiol were also obtained using the devices prepared with the proposed inks as pseudo-references electrodes, which presented satisfactory results concerning the potential stability (RSD < 2.6%). These inks are simple to prepare and present great alternatives for the development of pseudo-reference electrodes useful in the construction of disposable electrochemical systems. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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13 pages, 4214 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Detection of Pb²⁺ in Tea Using Aptamer Labeled with AIEgen Nanospheres Based on MOFs Sensors

by Li Gao, Yixi Deng, Haolu Liu, King Solomon, Bianjiang Zhang and Huimei Cai

Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 745; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090745 - 09 Sep 2022

Cited by 8 | Viewed by 2080

Abstract

Tea is an important economic crop and health beverage in China. The presence of heavy metal ions in tea poses a significant threat to public health. Here, we prepared an aptamer biosensor labelled with AIEgen nanospheres to detect Pb²⁺ in tea. The [...] Read more.

Tea is an important economic crop and health beverage in China. The presence of heavy metal ions in tea poses a significant threat to public health. Here, we prepared an aptamer biosensor labelled with AIEgen nanospheres to detect Pb²⁺ in tea. The dsDNA modified by amino and phosphoric acid was combined with the carboxylated AIEgen NPs to form AIEgen-DNA with a fluorescence group, which was then fixed to the surface of Zr-MOFs to quench the fluorescence of AIEgen NPs. At the same time, PEG was added to remove nonspecific adsorption. Then Pb²⁺ was added to cut the DNA sequences containing the cutting sites, and AIEgen NPs and part of the DNA sequences were separated from the Zr-MOFs surface to recover the fluorescence. By comparing the fluorescence changes before and after adding Pb²⁺, the detection limit of Pb²⁺ can reach 1.70 nM. The fluorescence sensor was applied to detect Pb²⁺ in tea, and the detection results showed that the tea purchased on the market did not contain the concentration of Pb²⁺ within the detection range. This study provides new insights into monitoring food and agriculture-related pollutants based on fluorescent biosensors. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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16 pages, 4513 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Multilayered Mesoporous Composite Nanostructures for Highly Sensitive Label-Free Quantification of Cardiac Troponin-I

by Mohsen Saeidi, Mohammad Ali Amidian, Sana Sheybanikashani, Hossein Mahdavi, Homayoon Alimohammadi, Leila Syedmoradi, Fatemeh Mohandes, Ali Zarrabi, Elnaz Tamjid, Kobra Omidfar and Abdolreza Simchi

Biosensors 2022, 12(5), 337; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12050337 - 14 May 2022

Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2803

Abstract

Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is a well-known biomarker for the diagnosis and control of acute myocardial infarction in clinical practice. To improve the accuracy and reliability of cTnI electrochemical immunosensors, we propose a multilayer nanostructure consisting of Fe₃O₄-COOH labeled anti-cTnI [...] Read more.

Cardiac troponin-I (cTnI) is a well-known biomarker for the diagnosis and control of acute myocardial infarction in clinical practice. To improve the accuracy and reliability of cTnI electrochemical immunosensors, we propose a multilayer nanostructure consisting of Fe₃O₄-COOH labeled anti-cTnI monoclonal antibody (Fe₃O₄-COOH-Ab₁) and anti-cTnI polyclonal antibody (Ab₂) conjugated on Au-Ag nanoparticles (NPs) decorated on a metal–organic framework (Au-Ag@ZIF-67-Ab₂). In this design, Fe₃O₄-COOH was used for separation of cTnI in specimens and signal amplification, hierarchical porous ZIF-67 extremely enhanced the specific surface area, and Au-Ag NPs synergically promoted the conductivity and sensitivity. They were additionally employed as an immobilization platform to enhance antibody loading. Electron microscopy images indicated that Ag-Au NPs with an average diameter of 1.9 ± 0.5 nm were uniformly decorated on plate-like ZIF-67 particles (with average size of 690 nm) without any agglomeration. Several electrochemical assays were implemented to precisely evaluate the immunosensor performance. The square wave voltammetry technique exhibited the best performance with a sensitivity of 0.98 mA mL cm⁻² ng⁻¹ and a detection limit of 0.047 pg mL⁻¹ in the linear range of 0.04 to 8 ng mL⁻¹. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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13 pages, 9374 KiB

Open AccessCommunication

A Simplified and Robust Activation Procedure of Glass Surfaces for Printing Proteins and Subcellular Micropatterning Experiments

by Tina Karimian, Roland Hager, Andreas Karner, Julian Weghuber and Peter Lanzerstorfer

Biosensors 2022, 12(3), 140; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12030140 - 25 Feb 2022

Cited by 4 | Viewed by 3093

Abstract

Depositing biomolecule micropatterns on solid substrates via microcontact printing (µCP) usually requires complex chemical substrate modifications to initially create reactive surface groups. Here, we present a simplified activation procedure for untreated solid substrates based on a commercial polymer metal ion coating (AnteoBind^TM [...] Read more.

Depositing biomolecule micropatterns on solid substrates via microcontact printing (µCP) usually requires complex chemical substrate modifications to initially create reactive surface groups. Here, we present a simplified activation procedure for untreated solid substrates based on a commercial polymer metal ion coating (AnteoBind^TM Biosensor reagent) that allows for direct µCP and the strong attachment of proteins via avidity binding. In proof-of-concept experiments, we identified the optimum working concentrations of the surface coating, characterized the specificity of protein binding and demonstrated the suitability of this approach by subcellular micropatterning experiments in living cells. Altogether, this method represents a significant enhancement and simplification of existing µCP procedures and further increases the accessibility of protein micropatterning for cell biological research questions. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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9 pages, 2591 KiB

Open AccessArticle

Novel SH-SAW Biosensors for Ultra-Fast Recognition of Growth Factors

by Daniel Matatagui, Ágatha Bastida and M. Carmen Horrillo

Biosensors 2022, 12(1), 17; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12010017 - 30 Dec 2021

Cited by 6 | Viewed by 2431

Abstract

In this study, we investigated a label-free time efficient biosensor to recognize growth factors (GF) in real time, which are of gran interesting in the regulation of cell division and tissue proliferation. The sensor is based on a system of shear horizontal surface [...] Read more.

In this study, we investigated a label-free time efficient biosensor to recognize growth factors (GF) in real time, which are of gran interesting in the regulation of cell division and tissue proliferation. The sensor is based on a system of shear horizontal surface acoustic wave (SH-SAW) immunosensor combined with a microfluidic chip, which detects GF samples in a dynamic mode. In order to prove this method, to our knowledge not previously used for this type of compounds, two different GFs were tested by two immunoreactions: neurotrophin-3 and fibroblast growth factor-2 using its polyclonal antibodies. GF detection was conducted via an enhanced sequential workflow to improve total test time of the immunoassay, which shows that this type of biosensor is a very promising method for ultra-fast recognition of these biomolecules due to its great advantages: portability, simplicity of use, reusability, low cost, and detection within a relatively short period of time. Finally, the biosensor is able to detect FGF-2 growth factor in a concentration wide range, from 1–25 µg/mL, for a total test time of ~15 min with a LOD of 130 ng/mL. Full article

(This article belongs to the Special Issue Advances and New Perspectives in Micro-Nanofabricated Sensors for Bioanalysis)

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