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Biosensors
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Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers
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Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers

A special issue of Biosensors (ISSN 2079-6374). This special issue belongs to the section "Optical and Photonic Biosensors".

Deadline for manuscript submissions: closed (31 March 2023) | Viewed by 11168

Special Issue Editors

Dr. Maria Goreti Sales

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Guest Editor
BioMark Sensor Research/ ISEP (Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto), Centre of Biological Engineering, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal
Interests: molecularly-imprinted polymers; antibodies; electrochemical detection; optical detection; biosensors
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals
Dr. Manuela F. Frasco

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Guest Editor
BioMark Sensor Research / UC & ISEP, Porto, Portugal
Interests: novel biomimetic photonic materials for sensor development
Dr. Joana Rafaela Lara Guerreiro

E-Mail Website
Guest Editor
BioMark@ISEP, School of Engineering, Polytechnique School of Porto, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
Interests: biosensors; DNA; protein; antimicrobial resistance
Special Issues, Collections and Topics in MDPI journals

Special Issue Information

Dear Colleagues,

This Special Issue is dedicated to the topic "Optical Biosensors for Health, Food, and Environment (Bio)markers". Optical biosensors are an important tool for achieving low-cost and sensitive determinations in situ, in a wide range of applications of interest to our society. The optical approach itself is very broad, including a wide range of important techniques, such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), reflectance, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), colorimetry, optofluidics, photonic sensing, and fluorescence, among others.

This Special Issue aims to highlight the new generation of optical biosensors based on new sensing materials, new strategies, and/or novel engineering approaches, covering applications in food, health, or the environment. For example, this includes monitoring biomarkers for disease diagnosis and follow-up, food safety ensurance, and surveillance systems to spot epidemiologic spread of diseases through water or other environmental vectors. In this Special Issue, we hope to gather and share recent and crucial insights into improvements of optical biosensors and their advances toward real applications. 

Dr. Maria Goreti Sales
Dr. Manuela F. Frasco
Dr. Joana Rafaela Lara Guerreiro
Guest Editors

Manuscript Submission Information

Manuscripts should be submitted online at www.mdpi.com by registering and logging in to this website. Once you are registered, click here to go to the submission form. Manuscripts can be submitted until the deadline. All submissions that pass pre-check are peer-reviewed. Accepted papers will be published continuously in the journal (as soon as accepted) and will be listed together on the special issue website. Research articles, review articles as well as short communications are invited. For planned papers, a title and short abstract (about 100 words) can be sent to the Editorial Office for announcement on this website.

Submitted manuscripts should not have been published previously, nor be under consideration for publication elsewhere (except conference proceedings papers). All manuscripts are thoroughly refereed through a single-blind peer-review process. A guide for authors and other relevant information for submission of manuscripts is available on the Instructions for Authors page. Biosensors is an international peer-reviewed open access monthly journal published by MDPI.

Please visit the Instructions for Authors page before submitting a manuscript. The Article Processing Charge (APC) for publication in this open access journal is 2700 CHF (Swiss Francs). Submitted papers should be well formatted and use good English. Authors may use MDPI's English editing service prior to publication or during author revisions.

Keywords

  • optical biosensors
  • biomarkers
  • coloured test-strips/deep sticks
  • lateral-flow methods
  • surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
  • localized particle plasmon resonance (LSPR)
  • reflectance
  • fluorescence
  • plasmonics
  • Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy
  • optical fibers
  • surface plasmon coupled emission (SPCE)
  • optofluidics

Published Papers (6 papers)

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Research

15 pages, 2922 KiB  
Article
Plasmonic Biosensor on the End-Facet of a Dual-Core Single-Mode Optical Fiber
by Fatemeh Fouladi Mahani, Arash Mokhtari and Pierre Berini
Biosensors 2023, 13(5), 558; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13050558 - 19 May 2023
Cited by 1 | Viewed by 1229
Abstract
Optical biosensors target widespread applications, such as drug discovery, medical diagnostics, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. Here, we propose a novel plasmonic biosensor on the end-facet of a dual-core single-mode optical fiber. The concept uses slanted metal gratings on each core, interconnected [...] Read more.
Optical biosensors target widespread applications, such as drug discovery, medical diagnostics, food quality control, and environmental monitoring. Here, we propose a novel plasmonic biosensor on the end-facet of a dual-core single-mode optical fiber. The concept uses slanted metal gratings on each core, interconnected by a metal stripe biosensing waveguide to couple the cores via the propagation of surface plasmons along the end facet. The scheme enables operation in transmission (core-to-core), thereby eliminating the need to separate the reflected light from the incident light. Importantly, this simplifies and reduces the cost of the interrogation setup because a broadband polarization-maintaining optical fiber coupler or circulator is not required. The proposed biosensor enables remote sensing because the interrogation optoelectronics can be located remotely. In vivo biosensing and brain studies are also enabled because the end-facet can be inserted into a living body, once properly packaged. It can also be dipped into a vial, precluding the need for microfluidic channels or pumps. Bulk sensitivities of 880 nm/RIU and surface sensitivities of 1 nm/nm are predicted under spectral interrogation using cross-correlation analysis. The configuration is embodied by robust and experimentally realizable designs that can be fabricated, e.g., using metal evaporation and focused ion beam milling. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers)
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14 pages, 3234 KiB  
Article
Copper-Guanosine Nanorods (Cu-Guo NRs) as a Laccase Mimicking Nanozyme for Colorimetric Detection of Rutin
by Kowsar Davoodi-Rad, Ardeshir Shokrollahi, Faezeh Shahdost-Fard and Kamal Azadkish
Biosensors 2023, 13(3), 374; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios13030374 - 12 Mar 2023
Cited by 6 | Viewed by 1604
Abstract
Inspired by laccase activity, herein, Cu-guanosine nanorods (Cu-Guo NRs) have been synthesized for the first time through a simple procedure. The activity of the Cu-Guo NR as the laccase mimicking nanozyme has been examined in the colorimetric sensing of rutin (Rtn) by a [...] Read more.
Inspired by laccase activity, herein, Cu-guanosine nanorods (Cu-Guo NRs) have been synthesized for the first time through a simple procedure. The activity of the Cu-Guo NR as the laccase mimicking nanozyme has been examined in the colorimetric sensing of rutin (Rtn) by a novel and simple spectrophotometric method. The distinct changes in the absorbance signal intensity of Rtn and a distinguished red shift under the optimum condition based on pH and ionic strength values confirmed the formation of the oxidized form of Rtn (o-quinone) via laccase-like nanozyme activity of Cu-Guo NRs. A vivid and concentration-dependent color variation from green to dark yellow led to the visual detection of Rtn in a broad concentration range from 770 nM to 54.46 µM with a limit of detection (LOD) of 114 nM. The proposed methodology was successfully applied for the fast tracing of Rtn in the presence of certain common interfering species and various complex samples such as propolis dry extract, human biofluids, and dietary supplement tablets, with satisfactory precision. The sensitivity and selectivity of the developed sensor, which are bonuses in addition to rapid, on-site, cost-effective, and naked-eye determination of Rtn, hold great promise to provide technical support for routine analysis in the real world. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers)
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11 pages, 2372 KiB  
Article
Comparison of Optical and Electrical Sensor Characteristics for Efficient Analysis of Attachment and Detachment of Aptamer
by Yejin Park, Thinh Viet Dang, Uiseok Jeong, Moon Il Kim and Jinsik Kim
Biosensors 2022, 12(11), 979; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12110979 - 07 Nov 2022
Viewed by 1483
Abstract
Nucleic acid aptamer-based research has focused on achieving the highest performance for bioassays. However, there are limitations in evaluating the affinity for the target analytes in these nucleic acid aptamer-based bioassays. In this study, we mainly propose graphene oxide (GO)-based electrical and optical [...] Read more.
Nucleic acid aptamer-based research has focused on achieving the highest performance for bioassays. However, there are limitations in evaluating the affinity for the target analytes in these nucleic acid aptamer-based bioassays. In this study, we mainly propose graphene oxide (GO)-based electrical and optical analyses to efficiently evaluate the affinity between an aptamer and its target. We found that an aptamer-coupled GO-based chip with an electrical resistance induced by a field-effect transistor, with aptamers as low as 100 pM, can detect the target, thrombin, at yields as low as 250 pM within five minutes. In the optical approach, the fluorescent dye-linked aptamer, as low as 100 nM, was efficiently used with GO, enabling the sensitive detection of thrombin at yields as low as 5 nM. The cantilever type of mechanical analysis also demonstrated the intuitive aptamer–thrombin reaction in the signal using dBm units. Finally, a comparison of electrical and optical sensors’ characteristics was introduced in the attachment and detachment of aptamer to propose an efficient analysis that can be utilized for various aptamer-based research fields. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers)
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17 pages, 3746 KiB  
Article
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies in Vaccinated Pregnant Women and Neonates by Using a Lateral Flow Immunoassay Coupled with a Spectrum-Based Reader
by Wei-Chun Chen, Yen-Pin Lin, Chao-Min Cheng, Ching-Fen Shen, Chang-Wei Li, Yu-Kuo Wang, Ting-Ying Shih, Chitsung Hong, Ting-Chang Chang and Ching-Ju Shen
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 891; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100891 - 18 Oct 2022
Cited by 3 | Viewed by 2232
Abstract
The focus of this study was to investigate the detection of neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) in maternal serum and cord blood as the targeted samples by employing a lateral flow immunoassay combined with a spectrum reader (LFI-SR) and the correlation of Nab protection against [...] Read more.
The focus of this study was to investigate the detection of neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) in maternal serum and cord blood as the targeted samples by employing a lateral flow immunoassay combined with a spectrum reader (LFI-SR) and the correlation of Nab protection against different types of SARS-CoV-2. We enrolled 20 pregnant women who were vaccinated with the Moderna (mRNA-1273) vaccine during pregnancy and collected 40 samples during delivery. We used an LFI-SR for the level of spike protein receptor binding domain antibody (SRBD IgG) as Nabs and examined the correlation of the SRBD IgG concentration and Nab inhibition rates (NabIR) via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA). The LFI-SR had high confidence for the SRBD IgG level (p < 0.0001). Better NabIR were found in wild-type SARS-CoV-2 (WT) compared to Delta-type (DT) and Omicron-type (OT). Women with two-dose vaccinations demonstrated greater NabIR than those with a single dose. The cut-off value of the SRBD IgG level by the LFI-SR for NabIR to DT (≥30%; ≥70%) was 60.15 and 150.21 ng/mL for mothers (both p = 0.005), and 156.31 (p = 0.011) and 230.20 ng/mL (p = 0.006) for babies, respectively. An additional vaccine booster may be considered for those mothers with SRBD IgG levels < 60.15 ng/mL, and close protection should be given for those neonates with SRBD IgG levels < 150.21 ng/mL, since there is no available vaccine for them. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers)
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13 pages, 4649 KiB  
Article
Upconversion Fluorescence Nanoprobe-Based FRET for the Sensitive Determination of Shigella
by Min Chen, Zhongyu Yan, Lu Han, Dandan Zhou, Yan Wang, Leiqing Pan and Kang Tu
Biosensors 2022, 12(10), 795; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12100795 - 27 Sep 2022
Cited by 4 | Viewed by 1715 | Correction
Abstract
Shigella as a typical foodborne pathogen has strong survivability in the environment or food, leading to infectious diseases, yet its rapid detection technology with high selectivity and sensitivity remains challenging. In this study, complementary strand modified upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can offer stable yellow-green [...] Read more.
Shigella as a typical foodborne pathogen has strong survivability in the environment or food, leading to infectious diseases, yet its rapid detection technology with high selectivity and sensitivity remains challenging. In this study, complementary strand modified upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) can offer stable yellow-green fluorescence at 500–700 nm excited by a 980 nm laser. Importantly, Shigella aptamer modified gold nanoparticles (GNPs) formed by “Au−S” bond act as a fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) donor and recognition element that can bind specifically to Shigella and significantly quench the fluorescence of complementary strand modified UCNPs. As a result, the fluorescence of our developed nanoprobe increased linearly with the increase in Shigella in a wide range from 1.2 × 102 to 1.2 × 108 CFU/mL and the detection limit was as low as 30 CFU/mL. Moreover, the fabricated upconversion fluorescence nanoprobe can achieve Shigella detection in contaminated chicken without enrichment in 1 h. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers)
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10 pages, 2836 KiB  
Article
Metal and pH-Dependent Aptamer Binding of Tetracyclines Enabling Highly Sensitive Fluorescence Sensing
by Yichen Zhao, Biwen Gao, Peihuan Sun, Jiawen Liu and Juewen Liu
Biosensors 2022, 12(9), 717; https://doi.org/10.3390/bios12090717 - 03 Sep 2022
Cited by 11 | Viewed by 2322
Abstract
Tetracyclines are a widely used group of antibiotics, many of which are currently only used in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry due to their adverse side effects. For the detection of tetracyclines, we previously reported a DNA aptamer named OTC5 that binds to [...] Read more.
Tetracyclines are a widely used group of antibiotics, many of which are currently only used in veterinary medicine and animal husbandry due to their adverse side effects. For the detection of tetracyclines, we previously reported a DNA aptamer named OTC5 that binds to tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline with similar KD’s of ~100 nM. Tetracyclines have an intrinsic fluorescence that is enhanced upon binding to OTC5, which can be used as a label-free and dye-free sensor. In this work, the effect of pH and metal ions on the sensor was studied. Mg2+ ions are required for the binding of OTC5 to its target with an optimal concentration of 2 mM. Other metal ions including Ca2+ and Zn2+ can also support aptamer binding. Although Mn2+ barely supported binding, the binding can be rescued by Mg2+. ITC studies confirmed that OTC5 had a KD of 0.2 μM at a pH of 6.0 and 0.03 μM at a pH of 8.3. Lower pH (pH 6) showed better fluorescence enhancement than higher pH (pH 8.3), although a pH of 6.0 had slightly higher KD values. Under optimized sensing conditions, sensors with limit of detections (LODs) of 0.1–0.7 nM were achieved for tetracycline, oxytetracycline, and doxycycline, which are up to 50-fold lower than previously reported. Milk samples were also tested yielding an LOD of 16 nM oxytetracycline at a pH of 6.0. Full article
(This article belongs to the Special Issue Optical Biosensors for Health, Food and Environment (Bio)markers)
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